Sborník 2009 díl 2. - Fakulta informatiky a managementu - Univerzita ...

Luboš Smutka, Michal Steininger, Ondřej Miffek CZECH AGRICULTURAL FOREIGN TRADE
DEVELOPMENT
TAB. 1: Share of agrarian trade in total Czech foreign trade value in 1993-2007
Year
Share of agrarian trade
turnover in total trade
turnover (%)
Share of agrarian trade
export in total trade
export (%)
Share of agrarian trade
import in total trade
import (%)
1993 7,61 7,79 7,43
1995 6,75 6,27 7,15
1997 6,28 5,47 6,94
1999 5,33 4,38 6,23
2001 4,47 3,89 4,99
2003 4,38 3,56 5,15
2005 4,92 4,20 5,66
2007 4,66 3,96 5,39
Source: Research Institute of Agricultural Economics in Prague
TAB. 2: Czech agrarian foreign trade development in the period 1993-2007
Export Import Turnover Balance
Years mil. CZK Index mil. CZK Index mil. CZK Index mil. CZK
1993 32 856,6 100,0 31 656,9 100,0 64 513,5 100,0 1 199,7
1995 35 522,9 108,1 47 621,1 150,4 83 144,0 128,9 -12 098,2
1997 38 791,6 118,1 59 677,1 188,5 98 468,7 152,6 -20 885,5
1999 39 762,2 121,0 60 582,5 191,4 100 344,7 155,5 -20 820,3
2001 49 427,8 150,4 69 239,3 218,7 118 667,1 183,9 -19 811,5
2003 48 804,6 148,5 74 259,3 234,6 123 063,9 190,8 -25 454,7
2007 97 844,4 297,8 128 775,5 406,8 226 619,9 351,3 -30 931,1
Source: Research Institute of Agricultural Economics in Prague
In the period 1993 – 2007 the volume of exports increased by almost 200% and the
volume of imports increased by more than 300%. During the last few years the
development trend of the Czech agrarian foreign trade changed the level of intensity
several times. In the period 1994 – 1998 the average inter-annual growth rate of
agricultural trade value reached more than 11%, in the period 1999 - 2003 average interannual
growth rate reached about 4% and in the period 2004 – 2007 average interannual
growth rate was about 14%. The reason for the very intensive growth rate of
agrarian trade volume in the period 2004-2007 is Czech EU accession. In the period
2004-2007 the volume of agricultural trade (according to SITC) between the Czech
Republic and the European Union increased by approximately 54% i.e. by 65 billion
CZK. The share of agrarian imports in this growth of trade value was about 51% and the
share of agrarian exports was about 49%. The result of this development trend is the
constantly worsening trade balance. The main problem of Czech agrarian foreign trade
is its structure. While the Czech Republic exports mainly agricultural primary
production with only minimal added value, processed products with high added value
dominate the Czech agrarian imports. The problem of added value is well illustrated
through the following table (Table 3) which illustrates unit price development during
the last 15 years. It is possible to see that the unit value of Czech agrarian exports is
more than 2 times lower than the unit value of agrarian imports. The main reason for
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