Sborník 2009 díl 2. - Fakulta informatiky a managementu - Univerzita ...

Elżbieta Pohulak-Żołędowska CLUSTERS-SUPPORTING POLICIES IN CHOSEN CENTRAL
AND EASTERN EUROPE COUNTRIES
Poland, Hungary and Czech Republic review various policy tools and initiatives to
foster cluster development directly or indirectly. Some good practices, such as
Slovenia’s top-down/ bottom-up approach forming both inter-ministerial and inter-firm
networks, Hungary’s Pannon Growth initiative offering an integrated concept of
regional development, the Czech co-operative cluster model and the Polish regionalbased
innovation approach stand out.
Clusters can be used in many ways to pursue a variety of economic policy goals. In the
context of the case studies, one can identify five policy goals where a cluster approach
could prove to be useful:
• the upgrading of competitiveness of national industry,
• local and regional development,
• the fostering of innovation,
• SME support.
Overall, while central European countries use the cluster approach to achieve similar
goals as other countries around the world, it is important to take the post-communist
context into account when designing, implementing and assessing cluster policies in
central, eastern and south east Europe.
References:
[1] Boosting Innovation: The Cluster Approach, OECD Proceedings 1999
[2] Business Clusters, Promoting Enterprise in Central and Eastern Europe, OECD
2005, http://new.sourceoecd.org/transitioneconomies/9264007105, ISBN 92-64-
00710-5
[3] KETELS, C. The Development of the Cluster Concept – present experiences and
recent developments, Prepared for the NRW Department of Economics Workshop
at the Institute for Industry and Technology, Duisburg 2003
[4] KETELS, SOLVELL, Clusters in the EU-10 New Member Countries, Europe
Innova Cluster Mapping 2006
[5] PORTER, M. The Competitive Advantage of Nations, Free Press. 1990
[6] PORTER, M. On Competition, Harvard Business School Press. 1998
[7] SOLVELL, LINDQVIST, KETELS. The Cluster Initiative Greenbook, Ivory
Tower: Stockholm 2003, www.cluster-research.org, ISBN 91-974783-1-8
[8] SOLVELL, LINDQVIST, KETELS. Cluster Initiatives in Developing and
Transition Economies, Center for Strategy and Competitiveness, Stockholm 2006.
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