1/2006 - Potravinárstvo

Potravinárstvo
Table 1: The summary of energy value and energy contribution of the main nutrients in tested food rations
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energy
[kcal]
energy
from
protein
%
energy
from fat
%
energy
from
carbohydrate
%
protein
[g]
ročník 4 51 1/2010
fat
[g]
carbohydrate
[g]
mean 1358,65 12,46 26,53 61 42,17 39,69 202,48
SD 214,22 1,30 3,51 3,90 6,49 5,59 49,20
V% 15,77 10,46 13,22 6,39 15,39 14,10 24,30
Min. 1101,40 10,69 22,16 55,86 31,88 30,50 157,07
Max. 1798,08 14,70 31,16 65,77 50,65 47,16 304,17
Mediana 1281,78 12,06 25,90 60,77 44,35 40,39 184,20
Daily amount of carbohydrates recommended for the
researched population is 234 g, and kindergarten meals
should provide it in an amount of 164 g. Total
carbohydrate content in the tested meals was 202.48 g
(table 1) which represents 123.44% of the recommended
standards (Table 2) what was an evidence of too high
carbohydrate intake.
Also Gronowska-Seneger et al. (1998) found similar
phenomenon. Analysis of the diets of children in preschool
and school age, based on literature from the years
1980-1995 in Poland, showed that the average dose of
nutrition contained excessive amount of carbohydrate in
the form of sweets and sugar. Kłos and Bertrand (1999)
calculated the average content of carbohydrates in food
rations as 230.9 g which represented 124% of standard for
children aged 4-6 years. Grajeta et al (2003) noted similar
results: the average amount of carbohydrate was 199.6 g
which represented 122% of the recommended standards.
Also, the results of Czech and Kęski (2007) showed an
excessive amount of carbohydrates in the tested food
rations. Moreover, Baginski and Stokowska (2006)
showed that an oversupply of sugar in the examined
population may be the cause of dental caries in this age,
and thereafter contributes to obesity (Mc Conahy et al.,
2004; Young, Nestle, 2002).
Table 2: The comparison of the obtained results to the standards recommended for children aged 4 -6 years
Energy and nutrient 70% daily norms Food rations
% of RDI realization
energy [kcal] 1190 1358,65 114,17
protein [g] 38,50 42,17 109,50
fat [g] 60,00 39,69 66,15
carbohydrates [g] 164,00 202,48 123,44
Children aged 4-6 years are recommended to consume
proteins in the amount of 55 g of which meals in the
kindergarten should provide 38.5 g of this nutrient,
therefore, the amount of protein in the tested rations was
too high. The average content of total protein in the tested
food rations was 42.17 g (Table 1) which covered the
recommended amount of this component of 109.53% of
the recommended dose.
Kłos and Bertrand (1999) found that the supply of
protein in the meals in nurseries was 51.5 g, i.e. 137% of
the recommended standards. Protein content in the study
conducted by Grajeta et al (1998) was 46.2 g which
represented 120% of the recommended standards (Table
2). Czech and Kęska (2007) noted an average protein
content which was 112% of the recommended standards.
Similar results were obtained by Szponar et al (1996),
who found an excessive intake of protein by making 24hour
dietary interviews conducted with more than 150
children aged 1-6 years. Stochacka-Tartar at al (2008)
studied nutrition of preschool children, noted a similar
dependence and concluded that even in the long period of
intensive growth, an oversupply of protein may contribute
to metabolic disorders.
The average content of fat in meals was 39.69 g (Table 1)
and covered the standard in average of 66 % (Table 2).
Children aged 4-6 years are recommended to consume fat
in the amount of 53-68 g a day, to facilitate interpretation
of the results the average value was 60 g, while the
kindergarten meals should provide an average of 42 g of
this component. The analyzed food was consistent with the
recommended standards for fat.
Similar results were obtained by Szponar and
Kierzkowska (1985), and Kłos and Bertrand and Czech
and Kęska (2007) in their studies showed minor
deviations from the total fat content of recommended
standards. Different results were obtained by Gronowska-