1/2006 - Potravinárstvo

INTRODUCTION
It is a life's necessity, as it satisfies the basic needs of the
organism, eliminates the feeling of hunger and thirst,
positively affects well-being, ability of learning and
efficiency of work (Niclas et al., 2001; Jackiewicz, 2007).
The nutrition of children is undeniable linked with the
condition of their organisms in adulthood. Proper nutrition
from an early age gives the chance to reach the opportunity
of genetically-based physical and intellectual development
(Hamułka et al., 2003). In addition, well-balanced diet
can prevent certain civilization diseases or cause their
milder course. In Poland there are 40% of children who
attend kindergarten, where they spend from six to eight
hours a day. Meals, which are given to preschoolers are a
base of their daily dining, therefore it is extremely
important for children to be given meals which are
wholesome, well balanced, providing energy and
nutritients in appropriate proportions (Leszczyńska et al.,
2007, Kozioł-Kozakowska, Schlegel-Zawadzka, 2007).
The aim of this work was to assess the energy value and
nutritional quality of food received by children, based on
the method of calculation, and determination of the
reasonableness tested meals given in kindergarten based
on the point of qualitative analysis methods.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Material for the work was food rations for consumption by
preschool children (4-6 years) who attend to the
kindergarten in Koszalin. Rations analyzed included four
meals: I breakfast, II, breakfast, lunch and afternoon tea,
meals consumed at home were not being evaluated. The
ration were collected in a decade system in spring (March,
April and May 2009). In total, 30 reasons were analyzed.
The energy value, protein content, fat and carbohydrates
were calculated on data collected using the "Dietetyk" and
"Jadłospis w przedszkolu" (Polish software for
dietetycians). The results of calculations of the nutritional
value of food, as recommended by the National Institute of
Potravinárstvo
VYHODNOCOVANIE ENERGETICKEJ HODNOTY MENU PRE DETI
V POĽSKÝCH MATERSKÝCH ŠKOLÁCH
EVALUATION OF ENERGY VALUE FROM KINDERGARTEN MENU OF POLISH
CHILDREN
Maria Dymkowska-Malesa, Weronika Woźniak, Janusz Zakrzewski, Krystyna A. Skibniewska
ABSTRACT
Abstract: A proper diet has a huge impact both on human growth and maintaining a good physical and psychological wellbeing.
The paper presents assessment of correctness and quality of menu in a kindergarten in Koszalin, Poland. Contents of
protein, energy, fat and carbohydrate were calculated in 30 daily food rations. Their quality was also assessed. Very high
irregularities were noted in relation to standards, the consumption of energy, protein and carbohydrates, which may lead to
irregular food/eating habits in the adulthood. The results indicate the need for nutrition education among workers of
kindergartens.
Keywords: nutrients, kindergarten, food rations, nutritive value
Food & Nutrition, were reduced: 10% of the energy value
and contents of fat,carbohydrate and protein were reduced.
In addition, food rations have been studied in qualitative
terms, using the method of Starzynska [Gawęcki,
Hryniewiecki 1998]. The collected data were compared
with the nutrition standards for children aged 4-6 years.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results of the energy value and nutrient content and
the percentage of protein, fat and carbohydrates in the total
amount of energy meals are presented in Table 1, and the
average percentage coverage of pre-board standards for
energy and nutrients in Table 2.
It is considered that pre-school food should cover 70% of
the daily amount of energy and nutrients recommended for
children ages 4-6 years. Energy value and content of
nutrients in the tested rations was in a wide range, as
shown in Table 1. The recommended energy needs of the
tested population in Poland is 1500-1900 kcal, average of
which is 1700 kcal and the meals served in the
kindergarten should provide 1190 kcal (70%). The energy
value of the surveyed meals was 1358.65 (Table 1) which
represents 114.17% of the recommended standards (Table
2), so the average dietary ration supplied 14% energy more
than the recommended norm.
Similar observations have been made by other authors.
Kłos and Bertrand [1999] studied the nutritional value of
food and energy spent in military pre-schools in Warsaw.
The meals contained an average of 1541 kcal, which
represents 129% of the recommended standards. Grajeta
et al. [2003] examined the energy value of kindergarten
meals in Wroclaw, they showed that the figure was an
average of 1367 kcal and covered in 115% of the
recommended standard. Czech and Kęska [2007]
examined the content of nutrients in the kindergarten
rations in Lublin and have shown that meals contained
average 1346 calories which is 113% of the recommended
standards.
ročník 4 50 1/2010