Ibintu by'Ukuri
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Ibintu by'Ukuri

Amayobera y’amateka ntago ari umwijima neza, kuberako ni umupfundikizo utwikiriye igice kimwe cy’irema ry’igikorwa n’imbaraga z’umwuka ndetse n’igikorwa cy’amategeko y’umwuka. Ni ibisanzwe bimenyerewe kuvuga ko amaraso y’abahowimana ari imbuto y’itorero ariko icyo dushaka kubabwira ni uko ibikorwa by’umuntu akora kubera icyemezo cy’umwuka nibyo bibyara imbuto rusange… Nkuko impinduka z’umuco zikomeye hamwe n’impinduramatwara z’amateka aribyo bihitamo amaherezo y’ibihugu cyangwa imyitwarire mu myaka imwe ari igiterane cy’amanota y’ibyemezo by’umwuka…ukwizera n’ubushishozi cyangwa ubuhakanyi n’ubuhumyi , by’abantu. Nta mpuntu watunga agatoki igikorwa gikomeye cy’umwuka gihengamisha umunzani, maze kigatuma gahunda yo hanze mu muryango w’abantu ifata isura nshya… Amayobera y’amateka ntago ari umwijima neza, kuberako ni umupfundikizo utwikiriye igice kimwe cy’irema ry’igikorwa n’imbaraga z’umwuka ndetse n’igikorwa cy’amategeko y’umwuka. Ni ibisanzwe bimenyerewe kuvuga ko amaraso y’abahowimana ari imbuto y’itorero ariko icyo dushaka kubabwira ni uko ibikorwa by’umuntu akora kubera icyemezo cy’umwuka nibyo bibyara imbuto rusange… Nkuko impinduka z’umuco zikomeye hamwe n’impinduramatwara z’amateka aribyo bihitamo amaherezo y’ibihugu cyangwa imyitwarire mu myaka imwe ari igiterane cy’amanota y’ibyemezo by’umwuka…ukwizera n’ubushishozi cyangwa ubuhakanyi n’ubuhumyi , by’abantu. Nta mpuntu watunga agatoki igikorwa gikomeye cy’umwuka gihengamisha umunzani, maze kigatuma gahunda yo hanze mu muryango w’abantu ifata isura nshya…

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Ibintu By'Ukuri gufata Luteri n’abayoboke be, ntiyite ku cyubahiro icyo ari cyo cyose baba bafite mu itorero cyangwa mu butegetsi bwa Leta, uretse umwami w’abami wenyine. Abantu nk’abo akaba yaragombaga kubatanga bagahanwa na Roma. Aha rero niho hagaragarira umwuka nyakuri w’ubupapa. Nta kimenyetso na gito kiranga ihame ry’ubukristo cyangwa icy’ubutabera busanzwe cyagaragaraga muri iyi nyandiko uko yakabaye. Luteri yari kure y’i Roma; nta mahirwe yari yarigeze ahabwa yo kwisobanura cyangwa kuburanira uruhande yari ahagazemo; nyamara mbere y’uko ibye bikurikiranwa, yari yaramaze kugirwa umuntu wayobye, kandi muri uwo munsi, aramaganwa, araregwa, acirwa urubanza, akatirwa ibihano kandi ibyo bikorwa byose abikorerwa n’uwiyitaga umubyeyi uzira inenge, uruta abandi wenyine, umutware utibeshya mu itorero cyangwa muri Leta! Muri icyo gihe ubwo Luteri yari akeneye cyane kwitabwaho ndetse n’inama z’incuti nyakuri, Imana mu buntu bwayo yohereje Melanchthon aza i Wittenberg. Yari akiri muto, akicisha bugufi, agacisha make mu mikorere ye. Gutekereza neza kwa Melanchthon, ubuhanga bwe buhanitse ndetse no kuba intyoza kwe bikomatanye no kugira imico itunganye byatumye abantu muri rusange bamwemera kandi baramwubaha. Ntabwo ubuhanga bwe bukomeye bwagaragaraga cyane nko kwiyoroshya kwe. Bidatinze yaje guhinduka umuyoboke ubishishikariye w’ubutumwa bwiza, aba n’incuti magara ya Luteri ndetse n’umushyigikiye w’agaciro kenshi bityo kwitonda kwe, ubugwaneza n’ubushishozi bye bikuzuza ubutwari n’umurava bya Luteri. Gufatanya kwabo mu murimo byongeye imbaraga Ubugorozi kandi byabereye Luteri isoko y’ubutwari bukomeye. Umujyi wa Augsburg ni wo wari waratoranyijwe ngo ube ahantu Luteri yagombaga gucirirwamo urubanza, bityo agenda n’amaguru yerekeza muri uwo mujyi. Abantu bamugiriye ubwoba cyane. Byari byaravuzwe ku mugaragaro ko azafatirwa mu nzira akicwa, bityo incuti ze zimwingigira kutishyira mu kaga. Bamusabye no kuba avuye i Wittenberg mu gihe runaka maze akajya kwibera ahantu hatuje hamwe n’abifuzaga kumurinda. Ariko ntiyigeze yemera kuva mu mwanya Imana yari yaramushyizemo. Yagombaga gukomeza gushikama ku kuri adakebakeba atitaye ku miraba yamwisukagaho. Yaravuze ati: “Meze nka Yeremiya, umuntu uteza amakimbirane no gutandukana; ariko uko ibikangisho byabo birushaho kwiyongera ni ko n’ibyishimo byanjye byiyongera. . . Bamaze gukuraho icyubahiro cyanjye no kumenyekana kwanjye. Icyo nsigaranye ni kimwe gusa; ni umubiri wanjye w’impezamajyo: Nawo nibawutware; bityo ubuzima bwanjye bazabugira bugufi mu masaha make gusa. Ariko ubugingo bwanjye bwo ntibashobora kubushyikira. Umuntu wifuza kubwira ijambo rya Kristo abatuye isi, agomba guhora yiteguye gupfa igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.” 95 Inkuru z’uko Luteri yageze Augsburg yashimishije cyane intumwa ya Papa. Uwitwaga umuyobe wababujije amahwemo agahagurutsa isi yose noneho yasaga n’uri mu maboko y’ubushobozi bwa Roma bityo intumwa ya Papa yiyemeza ko adakwiriye kumuva mu 94

Ibintu By'Ukuri maboko. Umugorozi Luteri yari yarananiwe kwishakira urwandiko rw’inzira rumurinda. Incuti ze zamusabye kutajya imbere y’intumwa ya Papa adafite urwandiko rw’inzira maze izo ncuti ubwazo zifata gahunda yo kurumusabira umwami w’abami. Intumwa ya Papa yari yagambiriye ko bishobotse yahatira Luteri kwisubiraho kandi bitashoboka igatuma ajyanwa i Roma kugira ngo agenzwe nk’uko Huse na Yoramu bagenjwe. Nicyo cyatumye iyo ntumwa yifashisha abakozi bayo, yashishikariye gushuka Luteri ngo amwitabe atitwaje urwandiko rw’inzira amwiringiza ko amufitiye impuhwe. Luteri yanze rwose gukora atyo. Ntiyashoboraga kujya kwitaba intumwa ya Papa atarabona urwandiko rumusezeranya ko arinzwe n’umwami w’abami. Abayobozi b’itorero ry’i Roma bari biyemeje kugerageza kwigarurira Luteri bakoresheje kumugaragariza ubugwaneza. Mu kiganiro yagiranye na we, ya ntumwa ya Papa yagaragaje ko amufitiye urukundo rutangaje, ariko isaba Luteri ko yumvira ibyo ubutegetsi bw’itorero bumubwira atazuyaje kandi akemera buri ngingo yose nta gitekerezo na kimwe atanze cyangwa ngo agire ikibazo abaza. Mu gukora atyo, intumwa ya Papa yari yibeshye ku mico y’umuntu yavuganaga nawe. Mu gisubizo cya Luteri, yagaragaje uko yubaha itorero, uko yifuza ukuri, uko yiteguye kwisobanura kubyo aregwa byerekeranye n’inyigisho yigishije ndetse no gushyikiriza amahame za kaminuza zimwe zikomeye ngo ziyafatire icyemezo. Ariko muri uwo mwanya kandi yanenze cyane imikorere y’uwo mukaridinali wari watumwe na Papa wamusabaga kwisubiraho atabanje kumwereka ikosa rye. Igisubizo cyonyine yahawe ni iki ngo: “Isubireho, isubireho!” Umugorozi Luteri yerekanye ko uruhande arimo rushyigikiwe na Bibiliya kandi avuga ashikamye ko atabasha kureka ukuri. Ya ntumwa ya Papa ibonye idashoboye kwisobanura ku ngingo zivuzwe na Luteri, yamucecekesheje amucyaha, amukankamira kandi akanamushyeshyenga avangamo amagambo akuye mu miziririzo n’ibyavuzwe n’Abapadiri bakuru ntiyigere aha Luteri umwanya wo kuvuga. Luteri abonye ko icyo kiganiro nigikomeza gityo kiri bube impfabusa, amaherezo yasabye uburenganzira bwo gutanga igisubizo cye mu nyandiko. Ubwo Luteri yandikiraga incuti ye yaravuze ati: “Mu gukora ntyo, urenganywa yunguka mu buryo bubiri: ubwa mbere ibyanditswe bibasha gushyirwa imbere y’abandi nabo bakagira icyo babivugaho. Icya kabiri, umuntu agira amahirwe yo gutsinda ubwoba, ndetse no kugera ku mutimanama w’umunyagitugu wirata kandi uvuga nabi wabashaga kumurusha ubushobozi akoresheje imvugo ye y’ubwirasi.” 96 Ku munsi w’ikiganiro-mpaka wakurikiyeho, Luteri yavuze ibitekerezo bye mu buryo bwumvikana neza, bwahuranyije kandi burimo imbaraga kandi akabishyigikiza amagambo yakuye mu Byanditswe byera. Amaze gusoma urwo rupapuro aranguruye, yaruhereje uwo mukaridinali nyamara we arujugunya hasi n’umujinya mwinshi, avuga ko rwuzuyemo amagambo y’amanjwe ndetse n’ibyo yakuye ahandi bidafite ireme. Noneho Luteri yarahagurutse avugana n’uwo muyobozi mukuru w’idini w’umwibone, avuga ku migenzo n’inyigisho by’itorero kandi asenya rwose ibyo uwo muyobozi yishingikirizagaho. 95

<strong>Ibintu</strong> By'Ukuri<br />

gufata Luteri n’abayoboke be, ntiyite ku cyubahiro icyo ari cyo cyose baba bafite mu itorero<br />

cyangwa mu butegetsi bwa Leta, uretse umwami w’abami wenyine. Abantu nk’abo akaba<br />

yaragombaga kubatanga bagahanwa na Roma.<br />

Aha rero niho hagaragarira umwuka nyakuri w’ubupapa. Nta kimenyetso na gito kiranga<br />

ihame ry’ubukristo cyangwa icy’ubutabera busanzwe cyagaragaraga muri iyi nyandiko uko<br />

yakabaye. Luteri yari kure y’i Roma; nta mahirwe yari yarigeze ahabwa yo kwisobanura<br />

cyangwa kuburanira uruhande yari ahagazemo; nyamara mbere y’uko ibye bikurikiranwa,<br />

yari yaramaze kugirwa umuntu wayobye, kandi muri uwo munsi, aramaganwa, araregwa,<br />

acirwa urubanza, akatirwa ibihano kandi ibyo bikorwa byose abikorerwa n’uwiyitaga<br />

umubyeyi uzira inenge, uruta abandi wenyine, umutware utibeshya mu itorero cyangwa muri<br />

Leta!<br />

Muri icyo gihe ubwo Luteri yari akeneye cyane kwitabwaho ndetse n’inama z’incuti<br />

nyakuri, Imana mu buntu bwayo yohereje Melanchthon aza i Wittenberg. Yari akiri muto,<br />

akicisha bugufi, agacisha make mu mikorere ye. Gutekereza neza kwa Melanchthon,<br />

ubuhanga bwe buhanitse ndetse no kuba intyoza kwe bikomatanye no kugira imico itunganye<br />

byatumye abantu muri rusange bamwemera kandi baramwubaha. Ntabwo ubuhanga bwe<br />

bukomeye bwagaragaraga cyane nko kwiyoroshya kwe. Bidatinze yaje guhinduka<br />

umuyoboke ubishishikariye w’ubutumwa bwiza, aba n’incuti magara ya Luteri ndetse<br />

n’umushyigikiye w’agaciro kenshi bityo kwitonda kwe, ubugwaneza n’ubushishozi bye<br />

bikuzuza ubutwari n’umurava bya Luteri. Gufatanya kwabo mu murimo byongeye imbaraga<br />

Ubugorozi kandi byabereye Luteri isoko y’ubutwari bukomeye.<br />

Umujyi wa Augsburg ni wo wari waratoranyijwe ngo ube ahantu Luteri yagombaga<br />

gucirirwamo urubanza, bityo agenda n’amaguru yerekeza muri uwo mujyi. Abantu<br />

bamugiriye ubwoba cyane. Byari byaravuzwe ku mugaragaro ko azafatirwa mu nzira akicwa,<br />

bityo incuti ze zimwingigira kutishyira mu kaga. Bamusabye no kuba avuye i Wittenberg mu<br />

gihe runaka maze akajya kwibera ahantu hatuje hamwe n’abifuzaga kumurinda. Ariko<br />

ntiyigeze yemera kuva mu mwanya Imana yari yaramushyizemo. Yagombaga gukomeza<br />

gushikama ku kuri adakebakeba atitaye ku miraba yamwisukagaho. Yaravuze ati: “Meze nka<br />

Yeremiya, umuntu uteza amakimbirane no gutandukana; ariko uko ibikangisho byabo<br />

birushaho kwiyongera ni ko n’ibyishimo byanjye byiyongera. . . Bamaze gukuraho icyubahiro<br />

cyanjye no kumenyekana kwanjye. Icyo nsigaranye ni kimwe gusa; ni umubiri wanjye<br />

w’impezamajyo: Nawo nibawutware; bityo ubuzima bwanjye bazabugira bugufi mu masaha<br />

make gusa. Ariko ubugingo bwanjye bwo ntibashobora kubushyikira. Umuntu wifuza<br />

kubwira ijambo rya Kristo abatuye isi, agomba guhora yiteguye gupfa igihe icyo ari cyo<br />

cyose.” 95<br />

Inkuru z’uko Luteri yageze Augsburg yashimishije cyane intumwa ya Papa. Uwitwaga<br />

umuyobe wababujije amahwemo agahagurutsa isi yose noneho yasaga n’uri mu maboko<br />

y’ubushobozi bwa Roma bityo intumwa ya Papa yiyemeza ko adakwiriye kumuva mu<br />

94

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