Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
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<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />
ukuboko agwabiza imbaraga z’abarenganyaga abayoboke ba Huse. “Aho ngaho bahagiriye<br />
ubwoba bwinshi, ari nta mpamvu; kuko Imana yasandaje amagufwa y’uwagerereje ngo<br />
agutere; wabakojeje isoni, kuko Imana yabasuzuguye.” Zaburi 53:5.<br />
Abayobozi bagengwa na papa babonye ko badashobora gutsinda bakoresheje imbaraga,<br />
amaherezo bifashishije inzira y’umubano mu bya politike. Habayeho ubwumvikane ku buryo<br />
aho kugira ngo buheshe abaturage b’i Boheme umudendezo wo gukurikiza umutimana,<br />
ahubwo mu by’ukuri byabaye uburyo bwo kubagusha mu mutego w’ubutegetsi bw’i Roma.<br />
Abaturage b’i Boheme bari bavuze ingingo enye zikwiye kubahirizwa ngo bagirane amahoro<br />
na Roma. Izo ngingo zari izi: kwigisha Bibiliya ku mudendezo, guha abagize itorero bose<br />
uburenganzira bwo kurya ku mutsima no kunywa divayi mu gihe cyo guhazwa, gukoresha<br />
ururimi kavukire mu gihe cyo kuramya, ndetse no gutandukanya abayobozi b’itorero<br />
n’imirimo yose y’ubutegetsi bwa leta; kandi mu gihe habayeho icyaha cyo kwica, ubutabera<br />
bukaba bumwe ku bayobozi b’itorero kimwe na rubanda. Amaherezo abayobozi b’ubutegetsi<br />
bwa Papa baje “kwemera ko izo ngingo zose enye zisabwa n’abayoboke ba Huse<br />
zakwemerwa ariko ko inama nkuru y’itorero ari yo ifite uburenganzira bwo kubisobanura (ni<br />
ukuvuga uburenganzira bwo guhamya ubusobanuro bwabyo nyakuri). Mu yandi magambo<br />
ubwo burenganzira bukagirwa na papa n’umwami w’abami.” 69<br />
Amasezerano yabayeho ashingiye kuri izi ngingo, maze Roma ikoresheje ubuhendanyi<br />
n’uburiganya iba igeze ku cyo itashoboye kugeraho ikoresheje intambara; kuko kubwo<br />
gutanga ubusobanuro bw’inyandiko za Huse kimwe na Bibiliya, Roma yashoboraga kugoreka<br />
ubusobanuro bwabyo kugira ngo buhuze n’imigambi yayo.<br />
Umubare munini w’Abaturage b’i Boheme babonye ko ayo masezerano agendereye<br />
kubangamira umudendezo wabo bityo ntibayemera. Kutumvikana n’amacakubiri byaradutse<br />
maze bitera intambara no kumena amaraso hagati mu banyaboheme ubwabo. Muri iyo<br />
mirwano igikomangoma Procopius ayigwamo maze umudendezo w’ab’i Boheme uba<br />
urarangiye.<br />
Noneho Sigismond wari waragambaniye Huse na Yoramu ni we wabaye umwami w’i<br />
Boheme, bityo yirengagije indahiro yo kurengera uburenganzira bw’ab’i Boheme yari<br />
yararahiye, maze yongera gushyigikira inyigisho n’imihango by’itorero ry’i Roma. Mu gihe<br />
cy’imyaka makumyabiri ubuzima bwe bwabaye ubw’imiruho n’ibyago. Yatakaje ingabo ze<br />
kandi umutungo we urayoyoka bitewe n’intambara y’igihe kirekire kandi itarageraga ku<br />
nsinzi. Noneho amaze umwaka umwe gusa ku ngoma yarapfuye asiga ubwami bwe<br />
bugererejwe n’intambara, abamusimbuye abaraga izina ribi.<br />
Umuvurungano, intambara no kumena amaraso byakomezaga gukwira hose. Ingabo<br />
z’abanyamahanga zongeye kwinjira muri Boheme, bityo amacakubiri yari abarimo yakomeje<br />
kumunga imbaraga z’igihugu. Habayeho itotezwa rimena amaraso ryibasiye abantu bakomeje<br />
kuba indahemuka ku butumwa bwiza.<br />
80
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