Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
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<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />
murimo wo kuyandukura, nyamara byari bikomereye abanditsi kubona amakopi ahagije<br />
abayikeneye bose. Bamwe mu baguzi b’abakire bifuzaga kubona Bibiliya yose. Abandi<br />
baguraga ibice byayo bimwe. Akenshi, imiryango myinshi yishyiraga hamwe kugira ngo<br />
ishobore kwigurira Bibiliya. Uko niko Bibiliya yasobanuwe na Wycliffe yinjiye mu ngo<br />
z’abantu.<br />
Kuvugururwa mu bitekerezo byakuye abantu mu kumvira inyigisho za Papa nyacyo<br />
bazivuzeho. Kuva ubwo Wycliffe yigishije inyigisho zihariye za giporotesitanti ari zo:<br />
agakiza kaboneka kubwo kwizera Kristo ndetse no kutibeshya kw’Ibyanditswe byera.<br />
Ababwiriza Wycliffe yari yarohereje bakwirakwije Bibiliya n’inyandiko ze kandi uwo<br />
murimo wageze ku ntego ku buryo ukwizera gushya kwakiwe na hafi kimwe cya kabiri<br />
cy’abaturage b’Ubwongereza.<br />
Kuboneka kwa Bibiliya kwateye ubwoba abayobozi bakuru b’idini. Ubwo noneho<br />
babonaga ko bagiye kurwana n’igikoresho kirusha Wycliffe imbaraga kandi ko intwaro bafite<br />
zidashobora kugihangara. Muri ibyo bihe, mu Bwongereza nta tegeko ryari rihari<br />
ryabuzanyaga gutunga Bibiliya kuko itari yakandikwa mu rurimi abaturage bavugaga.<br />
Amategeko nk’ayo yaje gushyirwaho nyuma kandi yubahirizwa nta gukebakeba. Muri icyo<br />
gihe, nubwo abepisikopi bakoranaga umuhati, habayeho igihe cy’uko ijambo ry’Imana<br />
rikwirakwizwa.<br />
Abayobozi bakuru bashyizweho na papa bongeye gucura umugambi wo gucecekesha<br />
umugorozi. Yatumiwe incuro eshatu zikurikirana kugira ngo acirwe urubanza nyamara<br />
ntibyagira icyo bitanga. Ubwa mbere, inama y’abepisikopi yahamije ko inyandiko ze ari<br />
iz’ubuyobe kandi abo bepesikopi babashije gutuma umwami Richard wa II wari ukiri muto<br />
ajya ku ruhande rwabo, maze abashyiriraho iteka ry’umwami ryavugaga ko umuntu wese<br />
uzahangara kwigisha inyigisho zaciwe akwiriye gufungwa.<br />
Wycliffe yajuririye Inteko nshinga-mategeko; arega akomeje inzego z’ubuyobozi bwa<br />
Papa mu nama y’igihugu, asaba ko hakwiriye kubaho ivugurura no gukosora amakosa<br />
akomeye itorero rikora. Yavuganye ubushizi bw’amanga maze asobanura ibyubahiro<br />
bidakwiye ndetse n’imyitwarire ibangamye y’ubupapa. Abamurwanyaga baguye mu rujijo.<br />
Incuti ze n’abari bamushyigikiye bari barahatiwe kumuvaho, bityo bari biteze ko Wycliffe ku<br />
giti cye, mu buzasa bwe nta ncuti afite, ari bwumvire ubutware bw’umwami n’ubw’abayobozi<br />
b’idini. Nyamara aho kugira ngo bibe bityo, intumwa za papa ni zo zatsinzwe. Inteko nshingamategeko<br />
imaze kunyurwa n’ubusobanuro bwa Wycliffe, yakuyeho iteka ryo gupfa Wycliffe<br />
yari yaciriwe maze yongera kubona umudendezo.<br />
Yongeye gutumirwa incuro ya gatatu mu rukiko rukuru rw’idini mu bwami<br />
bw’Ubwongereza. Muri uru rukiko nta mpuhwe zajyaga kugirirwa inyigisho bitaga<br />
iz’ubuyobe. Abashyigikiye papa batekerezaga ko aho ari ho Roma iri butsindire maze<br />
ibikorwa by’ubugorozi bigahagarikwa. Iyo bajya gusohoza umugambi wabo, Wycliffe<br />
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