Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
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<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />
n’uko bahumeka ni ibintu byanduye rwose, ndetse buri saha ikibi cyabo gikomeye cyane ni<br />
uko bahisha ukuri maze noneho bagapfukamira ubuhakanyi. Mbese uku siko byagendekeye<br />
Roma? Mbese ubu ntitwongera kubaho nk’uko yabayeho? None se ibyo twiteze kubona ni<br />
iki? Ni indi nama nkuru y’igihugu! Inama rukokoma y’isi yose! Ubufatanye mu<br />
ivugabutumwa, ndetse n’indangakwemera rusange!”621; Igihe ibi bizaba bigezweho, mu<br />
muhati wo kugira ngo habeho ubumwe, intambwe yonyine izakurikiraho ni iyo gukoresha<br />
imbaraga.<br />
Igihe amatorero akomeye yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika azahuriza hamwe ku<br />
ngingo z’amahame amwe ahuriyeho, azatera Leta no gushimangira amategeko yayo ndetse<br />
no gushyigikira ibigo by’ayo matorero, icyo gihe ni bwo Amerika irangwa n’Ubuporotesitanti<br />
izaba iremye igishushanyo cy’inyamaswa, bityo ingaruka izavamo nta kabuza ni ibihano Leta<br />
izahanisha abatazemera inyigisho zayo.<br />
Ya nyamaswa y’amahembe abiri “itera bose, aboroheje n’abakomeye, n’abatunzi<br />
n’abakene, n’ab’umudendezo n’ab’imbata, gushyirwaho ikimenyetso ku kiganza cy’iburyo<br />
cyangwa mu ruhanga: kugira ngo hatagira umuntu wemererwa kugura cyangwa gutunda,<br />
keretse afite icyo kimenyetso, cyangwa izina rya ya nyamaswa, cyangwa umubare w’izina<br />
ryayo.” 622 Ubutumwa bw’imbuzi bwa marayika wa gatatu ni ubu ngo: “Umuntu naramya<br />
ya nyamaswa n’igishushanyo cyayo, agashyirwaho ikimenyetso cyayo mu ruhanga rwe<br />
cyangwa ku kiganza, uwo ni we uzanywa ku nzoga, ni yo mujinya w’Imana.” ‘Inyamaswa’<br />
ivugwa muri ubu butumwa kandi abantu bakayiramya babihatiwe n’inyamaswa ifite<br />
amahembe abiri, ni iya mbere cyangwa inyamaswa isa n’ingwe yo mu Byahishuwe 13, ari<br />
yo: “ubupapa.” Igishushanyo cy’iyo nyamaswa cyerekana bwa Buporotesitanti bwahakanye,<br />
buzagira imbaraga igihe amatorero y’Abaporotesitanti azitabaza ubutegetsi bwa Leta kugira<br />
ngo buyafashe gushimangira inyigisho zayo. Ikimenyetso cy’inyamaswa kiracyasobanurwa.<br />
Nyuma yo kuburira abantu kwirinda kuramya inyamaswa n’igishushanyo cyayo<br />
ubuhanuzi buravuga buti: “Aho ni ho kwihangana kw’abera kuri, bitondera amategeko<br />
y’Imana, kandi bakagira kwizera nk’ukwa Yesu.” Kubera ko abakurikiza amategeko y’Imana<br />
batandukanye n’abaramya inyamaswa n’igishushanyo cyayo kandi bagashyirwaho<br />
ikimenyetso cyayo, igikurikiraho ni uko gukurikiza amategeko y’Imana ku ruhande rumwe,<br />
no kuyica ku rundi ruhande, ari byo bizagaragaza itandukaniro hagati y’abaramya Imana<br />
n’abaramya inyamaswa.<br />
Ikiranga inyamaswa cyihariye ari na cyo kiranga igishushanyo cya yo, ni ukwica<br />
amategeko y’Imana. Umuhanuzi Daniyeli avuga iby’agahembe gato (ubupapa) muri aya<br />
magambo: “Azigira inama zo guhindura ibihe n’amategeko.” 623 Intumwa Pawulo yo, ubwo<br />
butegetsi yabwise ‘umunyabugome,’ wagambaga kwishyira hejuru y’Imana. Kwishyira<br />
hejuru y’Imana kw’ubupapa kugaragarira mu guhindura amategeko. Umuntu wese<br />
wubahiriza amategeko nk’uko yahinduwe, aba aha ikuzo n’icyubahiro gikomeye ubwo<br />
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