Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
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<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />
cy’ejo hashize. Mu myaka igihumbi na magana inani ishize umuhanuzi yari yarabivuze neza<br />
nk’uko byaje kuba, nitugira umwanya wo kubitekerezaho yuko kugwa kw’inyenyeri<br />
kwahanuwe kwerekeje ku byo twabonye, nibwo ibyavuzwe bizaba koko ari iby’ukuri nk’uko<br />
byanditswe.”<br />
Uko niko ikimenyetso giheruka cyo mu byerekana kugaruka kwa Kristo cyagaragaye, ari<br />
cyo Yesu yari yarabwiye abigishwa be ati: “Nuko namwe nimubona ibyo byose, muzamenye<br />
yuko ari hafi, ndetse ageze ku rugi.” 446 Ibyo bimenyetso byose bimaze kugaragara, ikindi<br />
kintu gikomeye cyari hafi kugaragara ni uko Yohana yabonye ijuru ryizinga nk’umuzingo<br />
w’igitabo bazinze, mu gihe isi yahindaga umushyitsi, imisozi n’ibirwa bikava mu mwanya<br />
wabyo, maze abanyabyaha kubw’ubwoba bagashakashaka aho bihisha ubwiza bw’Umwana<br />
w’Umuntu. (Ibyahishuwe 6:12-17).<br />
Abantu benshi babonye kugwa kw’inyenyeri, babifashe ko ari ikimenyetso giteguriza<br />
abantu urubanza rugiye kuza, “nk’ishusho iteye ubwoba y’integuza, ikimenyetso cyerekana<br />
uwo munsi ukomeye kandi uteye ubwoba.” 447 Bityo, intekerezo z’abantu zerekejwe ku<br />
gusohora k’ubuhanuzi maze benshi bita cyane ku muburo werekeye kugaruka kwa Kristo.<br />
Mu mwaka wa 1840, hongeye kubaho ukundi gusohora kw’ibyahanuwe kwitaweho na<br />
benshi. Mu myaka ibiri mbere, uwitwaga Yosiah Litch wari umwe mu babwirizabutumwa<br />
b’ingenzi wabwirizaga ibyo kugaruka kwa Kristo, yanditse ibyo yasobanuraga ku gice cya 9<br />
cy’Ibyahishuwe, yerekeza ku kuvaho k’Ubwami bwa Ottoman. Hakurikijwe uko yabaraga,<br />
ubwo bwami bwagombaga gukurwaho “mu kwezi kwa Kanama mu mwaka wa 1840 nyuma<br />
ya Kristo.” Kandi noneho mu minsi mike cyane ibanziriza gusohora k’ubwo buhanuzi bwe<br />
yaranditse ati: “Kuva umugabane wa mbere w’iki gihe ari wo ugizwe n’imyaka 150<br />
warasohoye rwose mbere y’uko Dikozesi (Deacozes) yima ingoma abiherewe uburenganzira<br />
n’Abanyaturukiya, kandi no kuba imyaka 391 n’iminsi cumi n’itanu, yaratangiye ku iherezo<br />
ry’umugabane wa mbere w’iki gihe, bityo kizarangira ku wa 11 Kanama 1840, ubwo<br />
ubutware bwa Ottoman i Constantinople bwitezwe ko bubasha gukurwaho. Kandi ibi nizera<br />
ko ari ko bizaba.” 448<br />
Cya gihe cyavuzwe kigeze, binyuze ku bagihagarariye mu mahanga, igihugu cya Turukiya<br />
cyemeye kurindwa n’ibihugu byunze ubumwe byo mu Burayi maze muri ubwo buryo kiba<br />
cyishyize aho kigomba kugengwa n’ibihugu byemera Ubukristo. Icyo gikorwa cyasohoje<br />
ibyari byaravuzwe. Ibyo bimaze kumenyekana, abantu benshi cyane bemeye ko amahame<br />
y’ubusobanuro bw’ubuhanuzi bwa Miller n’abo bafatanyije yari ukuri rwose, maze itsinda<br />
ry’abavuga ibyo kugaruka kwa Kristo rigira imbaraga itangaje. Abantu bize b’abahanga<br />
ndetse n’abanyacyubahiro bo mu myanya yo hejuru bifatanyije na Miller, byaba mu kubwiriza<br />
no kwamamaza ibitekerezo bye, bityo bituma kuva mu 1840 kugeza mu 1844 umurimo<br />
waguka ugera henshi mu buryo bwihuse.<br />
William Miller yari umunyabwenge ukomeye, akagira ikinyabupfura akesha gutekereza<br />
cyane no kwiga. Hejuru y’iyo mico yari anafite ubwenge mvajuru yakeshaga kugirana<br />
242
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