Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
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<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />
Umujyi wa Paris wahindutse icumbi ry’abatindi nyakujya, ndetse bivugwa ko ubwo<br />
Impinduramatwara yatangiraga, abakene ibihumbi magana abiri bahoraga bateze amaboko<br />
basabiriza ngo umwami agire icyo yabaha. Muri icyo gihe igihugu cyari mu kaga gakomeye,<br />
Abayezuwiti bonyine ni bo bari baguwe neza; bategekanaga igitugu amatorero, amashuri, za<br />
gereza ndetse n’amato.”<br />
Ubutumwa bwiza bwajyaga kuzanira Ubufaransa igisubizo kuri ibyo bibazo mu mibanire<br />
y’abantu n’abandi n’ibya politiki byari bibujije amahwemo abayobozi b’idini, umwami<br />
n’abashinga amategeko ndetse bigashora igihugu mu mivurungano no gusenyuka. Ariko mu<br />
gihe Roma ari yo yagengaga igihugu, abantu bari baribagiwe inyigisho nziza z’Umukiza zo<br />
kwitanga n’urukundo rutikanyiza. Bari barageze aho batacyiyanga ngo bagirire abandi neza.<br />
Ntabwo abakire bari barigeze bacyahirwa ugukandamiza abakene bakoraga kandi abakene<br />
ntibagiraga uwabafasha muri uko gukandamizwa no guteshwa agaciro. Kwikunda kw’abakire<br />
n’abafite ubushobozi kwarushagaho kwiyongera kandi ibyo bigakandamiza rubanda. Mu<br />
myaka amagana menshi, umururumba no gusayisha mu bibi by’abakomeye byagiye bibyara<br />
ukunyunyuza imitsi ya rubanda rwa giseseka. Abakire bahemukiraga abakene maze abakene<br />
bakanga abakire.<br />
Mu ntara nyinshi, amazu yari ay’abakomeye gusa, naho abandi baturage bakoresha<br />
amaboko bo mu nzego zitandukanye bakajya bayakodesha. Bene amazu bafataga abo<br />
baturage uko bashatse kandi bakabategeka kumvira ibyo babasabaga byose bikomeye.<br />
Umutwaro wo gutanga ibyabeshaho itorero na Leta wari ku mutwe w’amatsinda ya rubanda<br />
rugufi ndetse n’uruciriritse yakwaga imisoro n’abategetsi ba Leta ndetse n’abayobozi b’idini.<br />
“Kumererwa neza kw’abakomeye byari nk’itegeko ridakuka; naho rubanda rugufi n’abahinzi<br />
n’aborozi bashoboraga kwicwa n’inzara kandi abayibateje ntibabyiteho. Mu byo yakoraga<br />
byose, umuturage yari ategetswe gushyira imbere inyungu z’uwo abereye mu nzu. Imibereho<br />
y’abahinzi yari imibereho yo gukora ubudahwema kandi bagahorana ubukene budashira. Iyo<br />
batinyukaga kwivovota, bafatwaga nabi cyane. Inkiko z’ubutabera iteka zumvaga umukire<br />
gusa, umukene nta jambo yagiraga; abacamanza bari bemerewe guhabwa ruswa ku<br />
mugaragaro, kandi ibibi byakorwaga n’abategetsi byemerwaga n’amategeko bitewe na ruswa<br />
yari yarahawe intebe. Imisoro yakwaga abaturage ku ruhande rumwe ikakirwa n’ababitsi<br />
b’umwami, naho ku rundi ruhande ikakirwa n’ababitsi b’abayobozi b’idini. Nta na kimwe cya<br />
kabiri cyayo cyinjiraga mu isanduku ya Leta n’iy’idini. Asigaye yatagaguzwaga mu bikorwa<br />
byo gusayisha mu bibi binezeza gusa. Nyamara kandi abantu bakeneshaga bagenzi babo<br />
batyo, bo babaga barasonewe gutanga imisoro kandi bakagira n’uburenganzira bahabwa<br />
n’amategeko n’umuco ku byo Leta ibagomba byose. Amatsinda y’abari bitaweho yarimo<br />
abantu bagera ku bihumbi ijana na mirongo itanu mu gihe miliyoni nyinshi z’abantu babaga<br />
mu buzima bubabaje butagira ibyiringiro, baruhira abandi gusa.”<br />
Ibwami harangwaga n’imibereho ya gikire no kwaya gusa. Hagati y’abategetsi<br />
n’abaturage harangwaga ukutizerana. Abaturage babonaga ko ingamba zose Leta ifata ari<br />
gahunda zayo bwite kandi zirimo kwikunda. Mu gihe gisaga imyaka mirongo itanu mbere<br />
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