Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
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<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />
kugira ngo burwanye Bibiliya. Kandi mu gihugu aho ubuhamya bw’abahamya b’Imana babiri<br />
bwajyaga gucecekesherezwa, niho hagombaga kugaragarira guhakana Imana nk’ukwa<br />
Farawo ndetse no gusayisha mu bibi nk’ukwa Sodomu.<br />
Ubu buhanuzi bwasohoreye mu mateka y’Ubufaransa nk’uko bwahanuwe rwose mu<br />
buryo butangaje. Mu gihe cy’Impinduramatwara, mu 1793, “ku ncuro ya mbere nibwo<br />
abatuye isi bumvise inama iteraniyemo imbaga y’abantu bavukiye kandi bigiye mu gihugu<br />
cyateye imbere, kandi bavugaga ko bayobora kimwe mu bihugu bikomeye by’i Burayi, maze<br />
bavugira icyarimwe ko banze ukuri kw’ingenzi umutima w’umuntu wakira, ndetse<br />
bahakanira icyarimwe ibyo kwizera no gusenga Imana.” 296 “Ubufaransa ni cyo gihugu<br />
cyonyine ku isi gifite amateka nyakuri yanditswe akiriho, agaragaza ko nk’igihugu<br />
Ubufaransa bwigometse ku mugaragaro ku Muremyi w’ijuru n’isi. Mu Bwongereza, mu<br />
Budage, muri Esipanye n’ahandi habayeho kandi hakomeje kubaho abantu batuka Imana<br />
benshi n’abatayizera benshi, ariko Ubufaransa ni cyo gihugu cyonyine mu mateka y’isi,<br />
binyuze mu itegeko ryashyizweho n’Inteko Ishinga amategeko yacyo, cyavuze ko nta Mana<br />
ibaho, kandi abaturage bose batuye umurwa mukuru wacyo ndetse n’abandi benshi hirya no<br />
hino baba abagore n’abagabo, barabyinye kandi baririmbana ibyishimo bavuga ko bemeye<br />
itangazwa ry’iryo tegeko.” 297<br />
Ubufaransa bwerekanye imico yarangaga Sodomu. Mu gihe cy’Impinduramatwara,<br />
hagaragaye kwangirika kw’imico mbonera ndetse no gusayisha mu bibi bisa n’ibyazaniye<br />
kurimbuka imidugudu yo mu kibaya. Umwanditsi w’amateka agaragaza ibyo guhakana<br />
Imana no gusayisha by’igihugu cy’Ubufaransa nk’uko byavuzwe mu buhanuzi: “Mu<br />
mategeko afitanye isano ya bugufi n’amategeko apfobya iby’iyobokamana, harimo itegeko<br />
rigabanya agaciro k’ubumwe buba mu gushyingiranwa maze barigira amasezerano y’uburyo<br />
busanzwe bworoheje bw’igihe gito, aho abantu babiri bashobora kuyakomeza cyangwa<br />
bakayasesa uko bishakiye. Nyamara kandi ayo ni yo masezerano akomeye cyane abantu<br />
bashobora kugirana, kandi kudakuka kwayo kukaba ni ko gutuma umuryango mugari<br />
w’abantu urushaho gukomera.<br />
. . .Niba abadayimoni bariyemeje gukora kugira ngo bavumbure uburyo bwasenya neza<br />
kurushaho ibintu byose bikwiye kubahwa, byiza kandi bihoraho mu mibereho y’ab’urugo,<br />
kandi bakanagira icyizere ko ikibi bagamije gukongeza mu bantu gishobora<br />
kuzahererekanywa mu b’ibisekuru bigenda bikurikirana, nta gahunda bahimbye yarusha<br />
izindi kugera kuri iyo ntego neza yaruta gutesha agaciro amasezerano y’abashakanye. . . .<br />
Uwitwa Sophie Arnoult wari umukinnyi w’ikimenyabose kubera ibintu bisekeje yavugaga,<br />
yavuze ko ukwishyingira k’umugabo n’umugore uko bishakiye kandi bagatana iko bishakiye<br />
ari “uguhurizwa mu busambanyi.’” 298<br />
“Aho Umwami wacu yabambwe.” Ibi byavuzwe n’ubuhanuzi nabyo byasohojwe<br />
n’Ubufaransa. Nta handi mu bindi bihugu higeze hagaragara umwuka wo kwanga Kristo nko<br />
mu Bufaransa. Nta handi mu kindi gihugu ukuri kwahuye no kurwanywa mu buryo bukomeye<br />
193
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