Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
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<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />
bidatinze akamusimbura, ntabwo ubutware bukomeye ubupapa bwari bwaragize bwongeye<br />
kugira imbaraga nk’ubwo bwari bufite mbere.<br />
Ntabwo gutotezwa kw’itorero kwakomeje mu gihe cy’iyo myaka 1260. Mu mbabazi<br />
z’Imana igirira ubwoko bwayo, yagabanyije ibyo bihe by’akaga gakomeye barimo. Ubwo<br />
Umukiza yavugaga iby’“amakuba akomeye” yari kuzagwirira itorero, yaravuze ati: “Iyo<br />
minsi iyaba itagabanijweho, ntihajyaga kuzarokoka n’umwe.” 291 Kubw’Impinduramatwara,<br />
itoteza ryarahagaraye bigeza mu mwaka wa 1798.<br />
Ku byerekeye abahamya babiri, umuhanuzi yongera kuvuga ati: “Abo bahamya ni bo biti<br />
bya elayo bibiri n’ibitereko by’amatabaza bibiri, bihagarara imbere y’Umwami w’isi.” Naho<br />
umwanditsi wa Zaburi we yaravuze ati: “Ijambo ryawe ni itabaza ry’ibirenge byanjye, ni<br />
umucyo umurikira inzira yanjye.” 292 Abo bahamya bombi berekana Ibyanditswe Byera biri<br />
mu Isezerano rya kera n’Isezerano rishya. Ayo Masezerano yombi ni ibihamya by’ingenzi<br />
byerekana inkomoko no guhoraho iteka kw’amategeko y’Imana. Yombi kandi ni ibihamya<br />
by’inama y’agakiza. Ibigereranyo, ibitambo n’ubuhanuzi byo mu Isezerano rya kera, byose<br />
byerekezaga ku Mukiza wari kuzaza. Ubutumwa Bwiza n’Inzandiko byo mu Isezerano<br />
Rishya byose bivuga ibyerekeye Umukiza waje mu buryo buhuye rwose n’ubwo yari<br />
yarazuzwemo n’ibigereranyo n’ubuhanuzi.<br />
“Bazahanura iminsi igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu, bambaye ibigunira.”<br />
Mu mugabane munini w’iki gihe, abahamya b’Imana babaye mu mwijima. Ubutegetsi bwa<br />
Papa bwagerageje guhisha abantu ukuri kw’Ijambo ry’Imana maze bubashyikiriza abahamya<br />
b’abanyabinyoma kugira ngo bavuguruze ubuhamya bw’ijambo ry’ukuri. Ubwo Bibiliya yari<br />
yaraciwe n’ubutegetsi bw’itorero ndetse n’ubwa Leta; ubwo ibyo Bibiliya ihamya byari<br />
byaragoretswe, kandi hagakoreshwa imbaraga zose zishoboka kugira ngo abantu ndetse<br />
n’abadayimoni babashe guteshura intekerezo z’abantu ku kuri kwa Bibiliya; igihe<br />
abatinyukaga kuvuga iby’ukuri kwayo kwera bahigwaga, bakagambanirwa, bagatotezwa,<br />
bagafungirwa muri za kasho, bakicwa bazira ukwizera kwabo cyangwa bikaba ngombwa ko<br />
bahungira mu buvumo bwo mu misozi cyangwa mu myobo, -nibwo abahamya bakiranuka<br />
bahanuraga bambaye ibigunira. Nyamara bakomeje gutanga ubuhamya bwabo mu gihe cyose<br />
cy’imyaka 1260. Mu bihe bibi by’umwijima ukomeye hariho abantu b’indahemuka<br />
bakundaga ijambo ry’Imana kandi baharaniraga icyubahiro cyayo. Abo bagaragu<br />
b’indahemuka bahawe ubwenge, imbaraga n’ubushobozi bwo kuvuga ukuri kw’Imana muri<br />
iki gihe cyose.<br />
“Kandi iyo umuntu ashatse kubagirira nabi, umuriro ubava mu kanwa, ukotsa abanzi babo:<br />
kandi nihagira umuntu ushaka kubagirira nabi, uko niko akwiriye kwicwa.” 293 Ntabwo<br />
abantu bashobora kwica amategeko y’Imana nkana ngo babure guhanwa. Ubusobanuro<br />
bw’iryo jambo rikomeye bugaragara mu gice cya nyuma cy’Ibyahishuwe: “Uwumva wese<br />
amagambo y’ubuhanuzi bw’iki gitabo, ndamuhamiriza nti, ‘Nihagira umuntu uzongera kuri<br />
yo, Imana izamwongeraho ibyago byanditswe muri iki gitabo. Kandi nihagira umuntu ukura<br />
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