Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
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<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />
Igice Cya 15 – Impinduramatwara Mu Bufaransa<br />
Mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatandatu, impinduramatwara yashyikirizaga abantu Bibiliya<br />
ibumbuye yari yarashatse kwinjira mu bihugu byose by’Uburayi. Ibihugu bimwe<br />
byayakiranye umunezero nk’aho ari intumwa yoherejwe n’Ijuru. Mu tundi turere, ubupapa<br />
bwari bwarageze ku ntego ku rwego rukomeye mu kuyamagana ngo itahinjira. Bityo umucyo<br />
wo kumenya Bibiliya ndetse n’ubushobozi bwayo buzahura byasaga n’ibibujijwe kuhagera<br />
rwose. Mu gihugu kimwe, nubwo umucyo wahinjiye ntabwo umwijima wawumenye. Mu<br />
binyejana byinshi, ukuri n’ibinyoma byarwaniraga guhabwa icyicaro. Amaherezo ikibi<br />
cyaratsinze maze ukuri mvajuru kuramaganwa. “Uko gucirwaho iteka ni uku; ni uko umucyo<br />
waje mu isi, abantu bagakunda umwijima kuwurutisha umucyo.” 289 Icyo gihugu cyari<br />
gisigaje gusarura imbuto z’ibyo cyari cyarahisemo. Mwuka w’Imana wakuwe mu bantu bari<br />
barasuzuguye impano y’ubuntu bw’Imana. Ikibi cyahawe intebe kirasagamba maze isi yose<br />
ibona umusaruro wo kwihitiramo kwanga umucyo.<br />
Urugamba rwo kurwanya Bibiliya rwagiye rushozwa mu Bufaransa mu binyejana byinshi<br />
rwaje kugera ahakomeye rubyara Impinduramatwara. Ako kaga kadutse kari ingaruka y’uko<br />
Roma yakuyeho Ibyanditswe Byera. Rwabaye urugero rubi rutigeze rubaho rugaragarije isi<br />
yose imikorere ya politiki y’ubupapa. Urwo rugamba rwabaye ukwigaragaza kw’ingaruka<br />
inyigisho z’Itorero ry’i Roma zerekezagaho mu gihe cy’imyaka isaga igihumbi.<br />
Gukuraho Ibyanditswe Byera kwabayeho mu gihe ubupapa bwari bufite ubutware byari<br />
byaravuzwe n’abahanuzi; kandi Umuhishuzi nawe yerekanye ingaruka ziteye ubwoba<br />
zagombaga kugwirira Ubufaransa ziturutse ku butegetsi bw’“umunyabugome.”<br />
Umumarayika w’Uhoraho yaravuze ati: “Kandi umudugudu wera bazamara amezi<br />
mirongo ine n’abiri bawukandagira. Abahamya banjye babiri nzabaha guhanura, bahanure<br />
iminsi igihumbi na magana abiri na mirongo itandatu, bambaye ibigunira. . . . Kandi<br />
nibarangiza guhamya kwabo, inyamaswa izazamuka ivuye ikuzimu, irwane nabo, ibaneshe,<br />
ibice. Intumbi zabo zizarambarara mu nzira nyabagendwa yo mu mudugudu munini, ni wo<br />
witwa i Sodomu no mu Egiputa mu mvugo y’umwuka, ari na ho Umwami wabo yabambwe.<br />
. . . Abari mu isi bazazishima hejuru, bazikina ku mubyimba, banezerwe, boherezanye<br />
impano, kuko abo bahanuzi bombi bababazaga abari mu isi. Iyo minsi itatu n’igice ishize,<br />
umwuka w’ubugingo uva ku Mana winjira muri bo, baherako barahaguruka: ubwoba bwinshi<br />
butera ababibonye.” 290<br />
Ibihe bivugwa aha ari byo -” amezi mirongo ine n’abiri” n’“iminsi igihumbi na magana<br />
abiri na mirongo itandatu”, byose ni bimwe, kandi byose bigaragaza igihe itorero rya Kristo<br />
ryagombaga kubabazwa n’ikandamizwa rituritse ku butegetsi bw’itorero ry’i Roma. Imyaka<br />
1260 yo gukomera k’ubupapa yatangiye muri 538 nyuma ya Kristo kandi yagombaga<br />
kurangira mu 1798. Icyo gihe (mu 1798) ingabo z’Ubufaransa zinjiye i Roma, zifata Papa<br />
ziramufunga maze aza kuzagwa mu buhungiro. Nubwo undi mupapa mushya yatowe<br />
190
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