Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.
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<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />
bakora vuba vuba ngo ayo mahirwe bayabyaze umusaruro. Barashakuje bati: “Izi ni imbuto<br />
z’inyigisho za Berquin. Ibintu byose, byaba idini, amategeko ndetse n’ingoma ubwayo, bigiye<br />
guhirikwa n’aka kagambane k’abayoboke ba Luteri.” 225<br />
Berquin yongeye gufatwa. Umwami yari mu rugendo atari mu mujyi wa Paris, bituma<br />
abapadiri babona umudendezo wo gukora ibyo bishakiye. Umugorozi Berquin acirwa<br />
urubanza maze bamukatira urwo gupfa; kandi uretse gusa ko umwami Faransisiko yajyaga<br />
kubyitambikamo akamukiza, naho ubundi umwanzuro w’urubanza washyizwe mu bikorwa<br />
uwo munsi rwaciweho. Ku gicamunsi, Berquin yajyanywe aho ari bwicirwe. Imbaga y’abantu<br />
benshi cyane yateraniye kureba uko ari bwicwe, kandi benshi muri bo barebanaga gutangara<br />
n’ubwoba kubona ko ugiye kwicwa yatoranyijwe mu miryango y’abantu bakomeye kandi<br />
b’intwari mu Bufaransa. Gutangara, akababaro, gukwena n’urwango rukaze byari<br />
byijimishije mu maso y’imbaga y’abantu bari aho, nyamara mu maso h’umuntu umwe ho nta<br />
mwijima waharangwaga. Intekerezo z’uwari ugiye kwicwa azira ubuhamya bwe zarebaga<br />
kure y’ibyari bigiye kuba byuzuyemo umuborogo, yiyumvagamo gusa ko Umwami we amuri<br />
iruhande.<br />
Ikimodoka gipfukiranye bamwurije, uburakari bwagaragaraga mu maso y’abari bagiye<br />
kumwica, urupfu ruteye ubwoba yari agiye gupfa, ibyo byose ntiyabyitayeho. Uriho ariko<br />
akaba yari yarapfuye, kandi akaba ariho ubutazongera gupfa ndetse akaba afite imfunguzo<br />
z’urupfu n’iz’ikuzimu yari kumwe nawe. Mu maso ha Berquin harabagiranaga umucyo<br />
n’amahoro mvajuru. Yari yiyambitse “umwambaro w’ibirori; imyambaro wa gikire myiza<br />
cyane kandi ikomeye ndetse n’ikote ry’amabara asa na zahabu.”<br />
226Yari agiye guhamya kwizera kwe imbere y’Umwami w’abami ndetse n’imbere<br />
y’isanzure ryose ryabyitegerezaga, kandi nta kimenyetso cy’amaganya cyashoboraga<br />
gusibanganya ibyishimo bye.<br />
Ubwo abantu benshi bari bamushoreye bagendaga buhoro buhoro banyura mu mayira yari<br />
yuzuyemo abantu, rubanda rwatangazwaga no kubona amahoro afite, insinzi igaragazwa<br />
n’ibyishimo yabonekaga mu maso he ndetse n’ubutwari bwe. Baravuze bati : “Ameze<br />
nk’umuntu wicaye mu rusengero akaba ari gutekereza ku bintu byera.” 227<br />
Ubwo yari ageze ku nkingi yagombaga gutwikirwaho, Berquin yagerageje kugira<br />
amagambo make abwira abantu; ariko abapadiri batinye ingaruka yabyo, batangira gusakuza<br />
cyane, n’abasirikari bajegeza intwaro zabo bityo urusaku rwabyo runiga ijwi rya Berquin.<br />
Uko niko mu mwaka wa 1529, urwego ruhanitse rw’abanditsi n’abepisikopi b’i Paris rwari<br />
rwaratanze urugero rubi kandi ruteye isoni rwo gupfukirana amagambo yera y’abapfiraga ku<br />
mambo mu mwaka 1793. 228<br />
Berquin yaranizwe maze umubiri we uratwikwa urakongoka. Inkuru y’urupfu rwe<br />
yababaje incuti z’Ubugorozi mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa cyose. Nyamara ntabwo urugero rwe<br />
154
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