Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri
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Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri

Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge. Umwami, abayobozi b’idini, n’ibikomangoma bari bategetswe kwicisha bugufi bakemera amahano yakorwaga n’abo baturage babaga bariye karungu. Inyota yo kwihimura yakanguwe cyane no kwicwa k’umwami; maze bidatinze abategetse ko yicwa nabo baramukurikira. Hakurikiyeho kwicisha inkota abantu bose bakekwagaho kutemera Impinduramatwara. Gereza zuzuye abantu ku buryo icyo gihe zari zirimo imfungwa zirenga ibihumbi magana abiri. Imijyi yo muri ubwo bwami yari yuzuwemo ibikorwa by’amahano ateye ubwoba. Ishyaka rimwe ry’abaharanira impinduramatwara ryahanganaga n’irindi maze Ubufaransa buhinduka urubuga rugari rw’abantu benshi bahanganye babaga bahinduwe nk’abasazi n’ibyifuzo byabo bibi. “Mu mujyi wa Paris, imyivumbagatanyo yarasimburanaga, abaturage bari baracitsemo ibice byinshi bitagendereye ikindi uretse kwicana ubwabo bakamarana.” Icyiyongeye kuri ako kaga kari rusange, ni uko igihugu cyose cyibonye mu ntambara yamaze igihe kirekire kandi yasenyaga cyarwanaga n’ibihugu bikomeye byo mu Burayi. “Igihugu cyari hafi yo gusenyuka burundu; abasirikare basabaga ibirarane by’imishahara batahembwe, abaturage bo mu mujyi wa Paris bibasiwe n’inzara ikabije, mu ntara hose hari harabaye umusaka kubera kuyogozwa n’ibisambo, kandi gutera imbere no kujijuka byari hafi gusibangana bigasimburwa n’imivurungano no kwigira ibyigenge.

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Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri kwinezeza. Abagorozi bo bagaragaraga ko bahabanye cyane nabo. Rubanda rwabonaga ko abagorozi bitwara neza kurusha abo bayobozi basabirizaga. Amafunguro yoroheje y’abagorozi yatumaga badatinda ku meza. Umuntu wari ucumbikiye Oecolampadius mu nzu yafashe akanya ko kwitegereza ibyo yakoreraga mu cyumba yabagamo, igihe cyose yasangaga ari kwiga cyangwa asenga, maze aza kuvuga atangaye ko uwo muntu bitaga ko yayobye ari “umuntu w’intungane cyane.” Mu gihe cy’inama, “Eck yazamukanaga isheja akajya ku ruhimbi rwabaga rurimbishijwe cyane mu gihe Oecolampadius wari umuntu woroheje, wabaga yambaye imyambaro yoroheje, we yagombaga kwicara ku gatebe kabaje nabi imbere y’abo bari bahanganye.” 167 Ijwi rya Eck ryarangururaga ndetse n’icyizere cyamurangaga ntibyamutengushye. Umwete we wakangurwaga no kwiringira ko azahabwa izahabu kandi akamamara, kubera ko uwaburaniraga ukwizera yagombaga kugororerwa amafaranga menshi. Iyo yaburaga ingingo nziza avuga, yifashishaga ibitutsi ndetse no kurahira. Oecolampadius wari usanzwe ari umuntu woroheje kandi uvuga make ntiyari yarashatse kujya muri urwo rugamba maze arwinjiramo yiyemeje agira ati: “Nta rundi rugero ngenderwaho mu gufata umwanzuro ruruta Ijambo ry’Imana.” 168 Nubwo yari afite kwiyoroshya n’ikinyabupfura yagaragaje ko ari umuntu ushoboye kandi udakurwa mu byimbo. Mu gihe abashyigikiye Roma bumvaga bafite ubutware baheshwa n’imigenzo y’itorero ryabo, umugorozi Oecolampadius we yihambiraga ku Byanditswe Byera. Oecolampadius yaravuze ati: “Mu Busuwisi bwacu imigenzo nta mbaraga ifite keretse gusa ibaye ihuje n’itegeko-nshinga; none ubu mu byerekeye kwizera, Bibiliya ni yo tegekonshinga ryacu.” 169 Guhabana kw’abo bantu babiri bajyaga impaka ntikwabuze kugira ingaruka. Imitekerereze itunganye kandi ituje umugorozi yagaragaje mu buryo bufite imbaraga kandi bworoheje yakoze ku mitima y’abantu ku buryo yazinutswe ibyo Eck yavuganaga ubwibone no kwishongora. Ikiganiro-mpaka cyarakomeje kimara iminsi cumi n’umunani. Ubwo cyari kirangiye abayoboke ba Papa bavuganaga ishema ko batsinze. Abenshi mu ntumwa zari zihagarariye abandi zari ziri ku ruhande rwa Roma, maze inama y’abategetsi bakuru itangaza ko abagorozi batsinzwe kandi ivuga ko bo na Zwingli umuyobozi wabo baciwe mu itorero. Ariko umusaruro wavuye muri iyo nama wagaragaje uruhande rwari rufite ukuri. Izo mpaka zaje kubyara imbaraga ikomeye ku ruhande rw’ubugorozi maze nyuma y’aho gato imijyi y’ingenzi ya Bern na Basel itangaza ko iyobotse ubugorozi. 128

Umwuka W'Imijyi Ibiri Igice Cya 10 – Iterambere Ry’Ubugorozi Mu Budage Kubura kwa Luteri mu buryo bw’amayobera kwateje akayubi mu gihugu cy’Ubudage cyose. Hirya no hino abantu bibazaga ibye. Inkuru mbi zakomezaga gukwirakwizwa kandi abantu benshi bizeraga ko yaba yarishwe. Habayeho kuganya gukomeye bitari gusa ku ncuti ze zari zarabishyize ku mugaragaro, ahubwo no mu bantu ibihumbi byinshi batari barifatanyije n’Ubugorozi. Abantu benshi ntibatinyaga kurahirira ko bazamuhorera. Abayobozi b’itorero ry’ i Roma barebanaga ubwoba bwinshi uburyo rubanda rwabarebaga nabi mu buryo bukomeye. Nubwo mbere bari banejejwe no kumva ko Luteri yapfuye, ntibyatinze maze bifuza kwihisha umujinya w’abantu. Ntabwo abanzi ba Luteri bari barabujijwe amahwemo n’ibikorwa yakoreraga hagati yabo yisanzuye nk’uko byabagendekeye ubwo yari atakiboneka. Abari barazabiranyijwe n’uburakari bagashaka guhitana Umugorozi wari ushize amanga noneho bari buzujwe ubwoba n’uko yaburiwe irengero. Umwe muri bo yaravuze ati: “Inzira imwe rukumbi isigaye yo kugira ngo twikize ni uko twacana amasitimu maze tugashakashaka Luteri aho yaba ari hose ku isi kugira ngo tumugarurire abantu bamwifuza.” 170 Itegeko ry’umwami w’abami ryasaga n’iritagifite imbaraga. Intumwa za Papa zakozwe n’isoni ubwo zabonaga ko itegeko ry’umwami w’abami ryari ryitaweho buhoro aho kugira ngo rigene iherezo rya Luteri. Inkuru zivuga ko Luteri ari amahoro nubwo yari imfungwa zatumye ubwoba abantu bari bafite butuza ariko na none bituma abantu barushaho kumugirira urukumbuzi. Inyandiko ze zarushijeho gusomwa kuruta mbere. Abantu benshi barushaho kwiyongera bajya mu ruhande rw’uwo mugabo w’intwari wari warashyigikiye ijambo ry’Imana mu kaga gakomeye gatyo. Ubugorozi bwahoraga burushaho kugira imbaraga. Imbuto Luteri yari yarabibye yameraga ahantu henshi. Kutaboneka kwe byakoze umurimo utarabashije gukorwa igihe yabonekaga ahibereye. Igihe umuyobozi wabo ukomeye yabakurwagamo, abandi bakozi bumvise bafite inshingano nshya. Bafite kwizera gushya n’umuhati barushijeho kujya mbere kugira ngo bakore n’imbaraga zabo zose ngo umurimo watangiye neza udakomwa mu nkokora. Ariko Satani ntiyari yicaye ubusa. Yagerageje gukora ibyo yari yarakoze mu gihe cy’ubugorozi bwose bwagiye bubaho. Yagiye abeshya kandi akarimbura abantu akoresheje umurimo bw’ibyiganano mu mwanya w’umurimo nyakuri. Nk’uko mu kinyejana cya mbere cy’itorero rya Gikristo habayeho ba kristo b’ibinyoma, niko no mu kinyejana cya cumi na gatandatu hahagarutse abahanuzi b’ibinyoma. Abantu bamwe bamaze gukorwa ku mutima no gukanguka kwabayeho mu by’iyobokamana, bibwiye ko bahawe uguhishurirwa kudasanzwe kuvuye mu ijuru, maze bavuga ko Imana yabahaye inshingano yo gukomeza ubugorozi Luteri yari yaratangiranye imbaraga nke nk’uko babivugaga. Mu by’ukuri, basenyaga umurimo Luteri yari yarakoze. Birengagije ihame rikomeye ryari urufatiro rw’ubugorozi ryavugaga ko Ijambo ry’Imana ari 129

<strong>Umwuka</strong> <strong>W'Imijyi</strong> <strong>Ibiri</strong><br />

Igice Cya 10 – Iterambere Ry’Ubugorozi Mu Budage<br />

Kubura kwa Luteri mu buryo bw’amayobera kwateje akayubi mu gihugu cy’Ubudage<br />

cyose. Hirya no hino abantu bibazaga ibye. Inkuru mbi zakomezaga gukwirakwizwa kandi<br />

abantu benshi bizeraga ko yaba yarishwe. Habayeho kuganya gukomeye bitari gusa ku ncuti<br />

ze zari zarabishyize ku mugaragaro, ahubwo no mu bantu ibihumbi byinshi batari<br />

barifatanyije n’Ubugorozi. Abantu benshi ntibatinyaga kurahirira ko bazamuhorera.<br />

Abayobozi b’itorero ry’ i Roma barebanaga ubwoba bwinshi uburyo rubanda rwabarebaga<br />

nabi mu buryo bukomeye. Nubwo mbere bari banejejwe no kumva ko Luteri yapfuye,<br />

ntibyatinze maze bifuza kwihisha umujinya w’abantu. Ntabwo abanzi ba Luteri bari<br />

barabujijwe amahwemo n’ibikorwa yakoreraga hagati yabo yisanzuye nk’uko<br />

byabagendekeye ubwo yari atakiboneka. Abari barazabiranyijwe n’uburakari bagashaka<br />

guhitana Umugorozi wari ushize amanga noneho bari buzujwe ubwoba n’uko yaburiwe<br />

irengero. Umwe muri bo yaravuze ati: “Inzira imwe rukumbi isigaye yo kugira ngo twikize<br />

ni uko twacana amasitimu maze tugashakashaka Luteri aho yaba ari hose ku isi kugira ngo<br />

tumugarurire abantu bamwifuza.” 170<br />

Itegeko ry’umwami w’abami ryasaga n’iritagifite imbaraga. Intumwa za Papa zakozwe<br />

n’isoni ubwo zabonaga ko itegeko ry’umwami w’abami ryari ryitaweho buhoro aho kugira<br />

ngo rigene iherezo rya Luteri.<br />

Inkuru zivuga ko Luteri ari amahoro nubwo yari imfungwa zatumye ubwoba abantu bari<br />

bafite butuza ariko na none bituma abantu barushaho kumugirira urukumbuzi. Inyandiko ze<br />

zarushijeho gusomwa kuruta mbere. Abantu benshi barushaho kwiyongera bajya mu ruhande<br />

rw’uwo mugabo w’intwari wari warashyigikiye ijambo ry’Imana mu kaga gakomeye gatyo.<br />

Ubugorozi bwahoraga burushaho kugira imbaraga. Imbuto Luteri yari yarabibye yameraga<br />

ahantu henshi. Kutaboneka kwe byakoze umurimo utarabashije gukorwa igihe yabonekaga<br />

ahibereye. Igihe umuyobozi wabo ukomeye yabakurwagamo, abandi bakozi bumvise bafite<br />

inshingano nshya. Bafite kwizera gushya n’umuhati barushijeho kujya mbere kugira ngo<br />

bakore n’imbaraga zabo zose ngo umurimo watangiye neza udakomwa mu nkokora.<br />

Ariko Satani ntiyari yicaye ubusa. Yagerageje gukora ibyo yari yarakoze mu gihe<br />

cy’ubugorozi bwose bwagiye bubaho. Yagiye abeshya kandi akarimbura abantu akoresheje<br />

umurimo bw’ibyiganano mu mwanya w’umurimo nyakuri. Nk’uko mu kinyejana cya mbere<br />

cy’itorero rya Gikristo habayeho ba kristo b’ibinyoma, niko no mu kinyejana cya cumi na<br />

gatandatu hahagarutse abahanuzi b’ibinyoma.<br />

Abantu bamwe bamaze gukorwa ku mutima no gukanguka kwabayeho mu<br />

by’iyobokamana, bibwiye ko bahawe uguhishurirwa kudasanzwe kuvuye mu ijuru, maze<br />

bavuga ko Imana yabahaye inshingano yo gukomeza ubugorozi Luteri yari yaratangiranye<br />

imbaraga nke nk’uko babivugaga. Mu by’ukuri, basenyaga umurimo Luteri yari yarakoze.<br />

Birengagije ihame rikomeye ryari urufatiro rw’ubugorozi ryavugaga ko Ijambo ry’Imana ari<br />

129

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