Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba
Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya...
Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya...
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<strong>Itorero</strong> <strong>na</strong> <strong>Leta</strong> <strong>ku</strong> <strong>Rugamba</strong><br />
ibyo Tetzel yabararikiraga <strong>ku</strong>gura. Izahabu n’ifeza byisukiranyije mu bubiko bwe. Agakiza<br />
kagombaga <strong>ku</strong>gurwa amafaranga kabonekaga mu buryo bworoshye cyane <strong>ku</strong>ruta agasaba<br />
kwiha<strong>na</strong>, kwizera ndetse no guharanira <strong>ku</strong>rwanya no gutsinda icyaha.<br />
Inyigisho zishyigikiye ibyemezo biheshsa imbabazi (indurugensiya) zarwanyijwe mu<br />
itorero ry’i Roma n’abantu bize kandi b’inyangamugayo; kandi harimo benshi batizeraga<br />
ibyavugwaga byari bihabanye n’imitekerereze itunganye ndetse n’Ibyahishuwe. Nta n’umwe<br />
mu bayobozi ba<strong>ku</strong>ru mu itorero watinyutse kwamaga<strong>na</strong> ubwo bucuruzi bwanduye, ariko<br />
intekerezo z’abantu zari zitangiye <strong>ku</strong><strong>na</strong>nirwa no kwivovota ndetse abenshi bibazaga cyane<br />
niba Ima<strong>na</strong> itagira abantu bamwe ikoreramo <strong>ku</strong>gira ngo itorero ryayo ritunganywe.<br />
Nubwo Luteri yari akiri umuyoboke wa papa wo mu rwego rukomeye, yababajwe cyane<br />
n’ibyavugwaga bitukisha Ima<strong>na</strong> by’abo bagurishaga imbabazi z’ibyaha. Abantu benshi bo mu<br />
kiriziya yayoboraga bari baramaze <strong>ku</strong>gura ibyo byemezo by’imbabazi, maze bidatinze<br />
batangira <strong>ku</strong>jya baza kwicuza ibyaha byabo bitari bimwe <strong>ku</strong> mushumba wabo bibwira ko bari<br />
bubabarirwe bidatewe n’uko biha<strong>na</strong>ga kandi bakaba bifuza kwivugurura ahubwo bitewe<br />
n’icyemezo kibahesha imbabazi (indurugensiya). Luteri yanze <strong>ku</strong>baha imbabazi ndetse<br />
a<strong>na</strong>baburira ababwira ko bazarimbukira mu byaha byabo nibatiha<strong>na</strong> ngo bahindure imibereho<br />
yabo. Bagize guhangayika gukomeye maze bahindukirira Tetzel bivovota bavuga ko<br />
umupadiri wabo bicuzaho ibyaha yanze ibyemezo bihesha imbabazi yabahaye; bityo bamwe<br />
bashira amanga basaba ko basubizwa amafaranga yabo. Tetzel yazabiranyijwe n’uburakari.<br />
Yavuze imivumo iteye ubwoba, ategeka ko imiriro icanwa <strong>ku</strong> karubanda, kandi avuga ko<br />
“yahawe uburenganzira <strong>na</strong> Papa bwo gutwika abazahaka<strong>na</strong> bose bakarwanya inzandiko zera<br />
zihesha imbabazi z’ibyaha.” 89<br />
Noneho Luteri yinjira mu murimo ashize amanga nk’umuntu urwanirira u<strong>ku</strong>ri. Ijwi rye<br />
ryumvikaniye <strong>ku</strong> ruhimbi mu muburo ukomeye. Yagaragarije abantu imiterere mibi y’icyaha,<br />
kandi abigisha ko umuntu atashobora koroshya igishinja giterwa n’icyaha cyangwa ngo acike<br />
igihano cy’ibyaha binyuze mu bikorwa bye. Nta kindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose cyabasha<br />
gukiza umunyabyaha uretse kwiha<strong>na</strong> imbere y’Ima<strong>na</strong> no kwizera Yesu Kristo. Ntabwo<br />
ubuntu bwa Kristo bubasha <strong>ku</strong>gurwa. Ni impano itangirwa ubuntu. Luteri yagiriye abantu<br />
i<strong>na</strong>ma ngo be <strong>ku</strong>gura ibyemezo bihesha imbabazi z’ibyaha (indurugensiya), ahubwo<br />
yababwiye guhanga amaso Umukiza wabambwe bafite kwizera. Yabatekerereje<br />
ibyamubayeho bibabaje ubwo yashakaga <strong>ku</strong>gera <strong>ku</strong> gakiza akoresheje kwicisha bugufi no<br />
kwibabaza ariko bikaba iby’ubusa. Yahamirije ababaga bamuteze amatwi ko icyamuhesheje<br />
amahoro n’ibyishimo ari u<strong>ku</strong>reka kwitegaho amakiriro ahubwo akizera Kristo.<br />
Uko Tetzel yakomezaga ubucuruzi bwe n’imigambi ye mibi, Luteri <strong>na</strong>we yiyemeje<br />
<strong>ku</strong>rwanya ashikamye ibyo bikorwa bibi. Bidatinze hari icyabayeho. Kiriziya nini y’i<br />
Wittemberg yabagamo imibiri y’abatagatifu n’abazize kwizera kwabo ndetse n’ibindi<br />
bikoresho bijya<strong>na</strong> <strong>na</strong>byo byabikwaga kandi bi<strong>ku</strong>bahwa nk’urwibutso. Ibyo byerekwaga<br />
abantu <strong>ku</strong> minsi mi<strong>ku</strong>ru mitagatifu imwe, maze abantu bose bazaga gusura iyo kiriziya muri<br />
90
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