Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba
Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya...
Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya...
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<strong>Itorero</strong> <strong>na</strong> <strong>Leta</strong> <strong>ku</strong> <strong>Rugamba</strong><br />
mahoro ntuje ariko hari imbaraga injya<strong>na</strong> ikanshyira mu mivurungano hagati no mu<br />
ihinduramatwara.” 82 Noneho Luteri yari hafi guhatirwa <strong>ku</strong>jya mu ntambara.<br />
<strong>Itorero</strong> ry’i Roma ryagurishaga ubuntu bw’Ima<strong>na</strong>. “Ameza y’abavunjaga” 83 yahoraga<br />
ateguwe iruhande rwa za alitari zaryo kandi ahazengurutse hose humvika<strong>na</strong>ga urusa<strong>ku</strong><br />
rw’abagura n’abagurisha. Kubwo gushaka gu<strong>ku</strong>sanya umutungo <strong>ku</strong>gira ngo i Roma hubakwe<br />
Kiriziya ya Mutagatifu Petero, Papa yatanze uburenganzira bwo <strong>ku</strong>gurisha imbabazi z’ibyaha<br />
<strong>ku</strong> mugaragaro. Ingoro yo gusengeramo Ima<strong>na</strong> yagombaga <strong>ku</strong>bakwa n’ibiguzi by’imbabazi<br />
z’icyaha- ibuye nsanganyaru<strong>ku</strong>ta ryashinzwe hakoreshejwe ibiguzi byo gukiranirwa!<br />
Nyamara ubwo buryo bwakoreshejwe <strong>ku</strong>gira ngo Roma ihabwe isumbwe, bwahungabanyije<br />
cyane imbaraga zayo no gukomera kwayo. Ubwo buryo nibwo bwateye abarwanyaga<br />
ubutware bwa papa guhaguruka biyemeje kandi bagamije insinzi, ndetse bishoza urugamba<br />
rwanyeganyeje intebe y’ubwami bwa papa ndetse n’ikamba ryo <strong>ku</strong> mutwe we.<br />
Uwatoranyirijwe <strong>ku</strong>yobora igurishwa ry’imbabazi z’ibyaha mu Budage ni uwitwa Tetzel.<br />
Yahamwaga n’ibyaha bikomeye cyane yari yarakoreye abantu ndetse n’amategeko y’Ima<strong>na</strong>.<br />
Ariko <strong>ku</strong>ko yari yarabashije gusimbuka igihano cy’ibyo byaha bye, yaje gukoreshwa mu<br />
gushyira mu bikorwa imishinga igamije inyungu kandi itagira ikindi yitaho ya Papa.<br />
Yavugaga ashize amanga maze akabasubiriramo ibinyoma kandi akavuga imigani mihimbano<br />
itangaje <strong>ku</strong>gira ngo ajijishe abantu badasonukiwe n’abatwarwa badasesenguye. Iyo abo bantu<br />
bajya <strong>ku</strong>gira Ijambo ry’Ima<strong>na</strong>, ntibajyaga gushukwa bene ako kageni. Ariko bari baranyazwe<br />
Bibiliya <strong>ku</strong>gira ngo bagume mu maboko y’ubutegetsi bwa Papa, no <strong>ku</strong>gira ngo ubutware<br />
ndetse n’ubutunzi bw’ubwo butegetsi bigwire. 84<br />
Igihe Tetzel yinjiraga mu mujyi, hari intumwa yamubanzirizaga ikagenda ivuga iti:<br />
“Ubuntu bw’Ima<strong>na</strong> n’ubw’umubyeyi uzira inenge buri <strong>ku</strong> marembo yanyu.” 85<br />
Bityo rubanda rwakiraga uwo watukaga Ima<strong>na</strong> agafatwa nk’aho ari Ima<strong>na</strong> ubwayo<br />
ibasanze imanutse iva mu ijuru. Ubwo bucuruzi bubi bwakorerwaga mu rusengero, kandi<br />
Tetzel akazamuka <strong>ku</strong> ruhimbi (aritari), maze akamamaza impapuro zihesha imbabazi z’ibyaha<br />
(indurugensiya) nk’impano y’agatangaza itangwa n’Ima<strong>na</strong>. Yavugaga ko <strong>ku</strong>bw’ibyo<br />
byemezo bihesha imbabazi yatangaga, ibyaha byose uwaguraga icyo cyemezo yari <strong>ku</strong>zifuza<br />
gukora nyuma y’aho yari <strong>ku</strong>zabibabarirwa kandi ko no “kwicuza atari ngombwa <strong>ku</strong>bera icyo<br />
cyemezo.” 86<br />
Ikirenze ibyo, yemezaga abamuteze amatwi ko icyemezo cy’imbabazi z’ibyaha<br />
(indurugensiya) kidafite ububasha bwo gukiza abazima gusa ahubwo n’abapfuye; kandi ko<br />
iyo amafaranga ageze mu ndiba y’isandugu ye, umwuka w’ubugingo bw’uwo muntu uguriwe<br />
imbabazi uhita uva muri purigatori maze ukajya mu ijuru. 87<br />
Igihe Simoni Magus wari umupfumu yasabaga intumwa <strong>ku</strong>mugurisha ububasha bwo<br />
gukora ibitangaza, Petero yaramusubije ati: “Pfa<strong>na</strong> ifeza yawe, <strong>ku</strong>ko wagize ngo impano<br />
y’Ima<strong>na</strong> iboneshwa ifeza.” 88 Nyamara abantu uduhumbagiza bakira<strong>na</strong>ga ibyishimo byinshi<br />
89
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