Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba
Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya... Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya...
Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba rero, mureke tugereranye amwe mu mahame shingiro ya Leta yacu n’amahame y’itorero Gatolika. ‘‘Itegeko nshinga rya Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika ritanga umudendezo w’umutimanama ku muntu wese. Nta kindi kigeretseho.. Papa Pius IX, mu rwandiko rwe yandikiye abantu bose rwo ku wa 15 Kanama 1854 yaravuze ati: “Inyigisho ziteye urujijo kandi z’ibinyoma cyangwa za kinyamaswa zishyigikiye umudendezo w’umutimanama ni kirimbuzi iyobya — ni icyorezo mu bindi byose, giteye ubwoba mu gihugu.’ Na none uwo Mupapa yongeye kwandika urundi rwandiko ku wa 8 Ukuboza 1864 avuma “abemeza ko umuntu akwiye umudendezo w’umutimanama n’uwo idini mu byo kuramya,” hamwe n’abandi bose bashyigikiye ko itorero ridakwiriye gukoresha imbaraga. ” Ijwi ry’amahoro rya Roma muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, ntirisobanura ihinduka ry’umutima. Riba irinyambabazi aho rigaragara ko rikeneye gufashwa. Umwepisikopi witwa O’Connor aravuga ati: ‘Umudendezo w’idini uzabaho by’urwiyerurutso kugeza igihe hazashobora gukorwa ikinyuranije nawo ntibigire icyo bihungabanya abanyagatolika.’ Umwepisikopi mukuru w’ahitwa Mutagatifu Ludoviko yigeze kuvuga ati:“Ubuhakanyi no kutizera ni ubugome; kandi mu bihugu bya Gikristo, nko mu Butaliyana no muri Esipanye, aho abaturage bose ari Abagatolika, kandi idini Gatolika rikaba ariyo rigize umugabane w’ingenzi w’amategeko y’igihugu, ubuhakanyi no kutizera bihanirwa nk’ubundi bugome. ...” ‘‘Umukaridinali wese, Umwepisikopi mukuru n’umwepisikopi wo mu itorero Gatolika, arahirira imbere ya Papa indahiro y’ubuyoboke, irimo amagambo akurikira: “Abahakanyi, abitandukanya n’abagomera ibyo wowe twita nyirubutungane (papa) wavuze, cyangwa ibizavugwa n’abazagusimbura, nzakora uko nshoboye kose, mbatoteze kandi mbarwanye. “ 2 Ni koko mu itorero Gatolika, harimo abakristo nyakuri. Abantu ibihumbi byinshi bo muri iryo torero bakorera Imana bakurikije umucyo wabarasiye. Ntibemerewe kwiyigisha Ijambo ry’Imana, ni cyo gituma batigenzurira ukuri. Ntabwo bigeze na rimwe babona itandukaniro riri hagati yo gusenga guturutse ku mutima wiyeguriye Imana n’ukw’icyitiriro, uko kurangiza umihango. Imana irebana imbabazi n’impuhwe nyinshi bene abo bantu, bigishijwe kwizera gufuditse kandi kudashyitse. Izohereza imirase y’umucyo irasire mu mwijima w’icuraburindi ubagose. Izabahishurira ukuri nk’uko kuri muri Yesu, kandi benshi bazafata icyemezo giheruka cyo gufatanya n’abantu bayo. Ariko ubugatolika bw’i Roma, bugendeye ku mategeko yabwo bwite, muri iki gihe ntibuvuga rumwe n’ubutumwa bwiza bwa Kristo nko mu bihe byabwo bya kera. Amatorero y’Abaporotesitanti ari mu mwijima w’icuraburindi, kandi bari bakwiriye kugenzura neza ibimenyetso by’ibihe. Itorero Gatolika ry’i Roma, ntiriragera ku mugambi wo gusohoza imigambi n’uburyo bw’imikorere byaryo. Rirakoresha uburyo bwose kugira ngo rimenyekane hose kandi rigwize imbaraga zaryo mu gihe ryitegura intambara ikomeye yo kongera gutegeka isi yose, kugira ngo ribone uko ryongera kurenganya no gukumira ibyo 410
Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba Ubuporotestitanti bwigisha. Itorero Gatolika rikomeje kwitabirwa impande zose. Imibare ya za Kiliziya n’insengero ntoya birarushaho kwiyongera cyane mu bihugu bya Giporotesitanti. Murebe kwamamara kw’amashuri n’ibigo by’amahugurwa byabo byiganje muri Amerika, kandi abigishwa bagwiriyemo ni Abaporotesitanti. Reba ubwiyongere bw’imihango y’idini yabo mu Bwongereza n’uburyo bakomeje gutandukira ngo bashyikire Gatolika. Ibi byose bikwiriye guhwitura abazi agaciro k’amabwiriza nyakuri y’ubutumwa bwiza. Abaporotesitanti bifatanyije kandi bivanga n’ubupapa; bagiranye amasezerano ndetse babegurira ububasha kugeza aho Abagatolika nabo ubwabo bibatangaza ndetse bananirwa kubyiyumvisha. Abantu barasinziriza ngo badasobanukirwa imico n’imyifatire bya Roma n’akaga kagiye guterwa n’isumbwe ryayo. Abantu bakeneye gukangurwa hakiri kare kugira ngo barwanye uwo mwanzi uteye ubwoba w’umudendezo w’abizera Imana n’uw’abantu muri rusange. Abaporotesitanti benshi bibwira ko idini Gatolika ritareshya abantu kandi ko gusenga kwabo kugizwe n’imigenzo gusa, nta busobanuro gufite. Aha barishuka. N’ubwo inyigisho z’i Roma zishingiye ku binyoma, ntabwo ari igishyinga cy’ubushukanyi cyitaruye. Gahunda yo gusenga mu itorero Gatolika ry’i Roma, ni imihango itangaje cyane. Ukwigaragaza guhebuje n’imigenzo byaryo byakuruye intekerezo z’abantu, kandi bicecekesha ijwi ry’umutimanama wabo. Rireshya amaso. Insengero z’agahozo, imitambagiro ihoraho, intambiro z’izahabu n’imitamirizo byo muri za Kiliziya nyinshi, amabara atatse, n’ibishushanyo bimanitse, byose bikurura amaso n’ibitekerezo by’abakunzi b’ibisa neza. Amatwi nayo ahugira kumva. Muzika ni agahebuzo ntacyo wayigereranya. Amajwi ahuje y’inanga z’amoko menshi aherekejwe n’injyana igizwe n’amajwi menshi, arangirira mu minara ya za Kiliziya nini cyane, ibyo byose bigatwara intekerezo z’abaramya maze bakubaha. Uko kurabagirana kw’inyuma, kwigaragaza n’imigenzo bikwena imitima irembejwe n’ibyaha, ni igihamya cy’ububore bw’imbere. Idini ya Kristo ntikeneye bene ibyo birangaza, ngo ikunde yemerwe. Mu mucyo urasa uturutse ku musaraba gusa, niho ubukristo nyakuri bugaragarira ko buboneye kandi bunejeje abantu bose, ko budakeneye imirimbo y’inyuma ngo bukunde bwerekane agaciro kabwo. Ubwiza bwo kuzira inenge, kwicisha bugufi n’umutima wo gutuza, nibyo bifite agaciro imbere y’Imana. Gushashagirana si byo kimenyetso cyo kubonera, n’ibitekerezo bihanitse. Imyumvire yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kwigwandika no kwihwereza, kenshi biba mu ntekerezo no mu byumviro by’ab’isi. Kenshi ibyo bikoreshwa na Satani kwibagiza abantu iby’ingenzi imitima yabo ikeneye, ntibabone uko ahazaza hazaba hameze, bikabemeza ko ubugingo budapfa, bakanamuka ku Umufasha wabo uhebuje byose, ibyiringiro byabo bikagarukira kuri iyi si honyine. Idini y’ibigaragara inyuma ireshya gusa imitima itarabyawe ubwa kabiri. Gahunda n’imigenzo yo gusenga by’itorero Gatolika, bifite imbaraga ziyobya abantu benshi; kugeza 411
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- Page 467 and 468: Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba cyangwa
<strong>Itorero</strong> <strong>na</strong> <strong>Leta</strong> <strong>ku</strong> <strong>Rugamba</strong><br />
Ubuporotestitanti bwigisha. <strong>Itorero</strong> Gatolika rikomeje kwitabirwa impande zose. Imibare ya<br />
za Kiliziya n’insengero ntoya birarushaho kwiyongera cyane mu bihugu bya Giporotesitanti.<br />
Murebe kwamamara kw’amashuri n’ibigo by’amahugurwa byabo byiganje muri Amerika,<br />
kandi abigishwa bagwiriyemo ni Abaporotesitanti. Reba ubwiyongere bw’imihango y’idini<br />
yabo mu Bwongereza n’uburyo bakomeje gutandukira ngo bashyikire Gatolika. Ibi byose<br />
bikwiriye guhwitura abazi agaciro k’amabwiriza nya<strong>ku</strong>ri y’ubutumwa bwiza.<br />
Abaporotesitanti bifatanyije kandi bivanga n’ubupapa; bagiranye amasezerano ndetse<br />
babegurira ububasha <strong>ku</strong>geza aho Abagatolika <strong>na</strong>bo ubwabo bibatangaza ndetse ba<strong>na</strong>nirwa<br />
<strong>ku</strong>byiyumvisha. Abantu barasinziriza ngo badasobanukirwa imico n’imyifatire bya Roma<br />
n’akaga kagiye guterwa n’isumbwe ryayo. Abantu bakeneye gukangurwa hakiri kare <strong>ku</strong>gira<br />
ngo barwanye uwo mwanzi uteye ubwoba w’umudendezo w’abizera Ima<strong>na</strong> n’uw’abantu muri<br />
rusange.<br />
Abaporotesitanti benshi bibwira ko idini Gatolika ritareshya abantu kandi ko gusenga<br />
kwabo <strong>ku</strong>gizwe n’imigenzo gusa, nta busobanuro gufite. Aha barishuka. N’ubwo inyigisho<br />
z’i Roma zishingiye <strong>ku</strong> binyoma, ntabwo ari igishyinga cy’ubushukanyi cyitaruye. Gahunda<br />
yo gusenga mu itorero Gatolika ry’i Roma, ni imihango itangaje cyane. Ukwigaragaza<br />
guhebuje n’imigenzo byaryo bya<strong>ku</strong>ruye intekerezo z’abantu, kandi bicecekesha ijwi<br />
ry’umutima<strong>na</strong>ma wabo. Rireshya amaso. Insengero z’agahozo, imitambagiro ihoraho,<br />
intambiro z’izahabu n’imitamirizo byo muri za Kiliziya nyinshi, amabara atatse,<br />
n’ibishushanyo bimanitse, byose bi<strong>ku</strong>rura amaso n’ibitekerezo by’aba<strong>ku</strong>nzi b’ibisa neza.<br />
Amatwi <strong>na</strong>yo ahugira <strong>ku</strong>mva. Muzika ni agahebuzo ntacyo wayigereranya. Amajwi ahuje<br />
y’i<strong>na</strong>nga z’amoko menshi aherekejwe n’injya<strong>na</strong> igizwe n’amajwi menshi, arangirira mu<br />
mi<strong>na</strong>ra ya za Kiliziya nini cyane, ibyo byose bigatwara intekerezo z’abaramya maze<br />
ba<strong>ku</strong>baha.<br />
Uko <strong>ku</strong>rabagira<strong>na</strong> kw’inyuma, kwigaragaza n’imigenzo bikwe<strong>na</strong> imitima irembejwe<br />
n’ibyaha, ni igihamya cy’ububore bw’imbere. Idini ya Kristo ntikeneye bene ibyo birangaza,<br />
ngo i<strong>ku</strong>nde yemerwe. Mu mucyo urasa uturutse <strong>ku</strong> musaraba gusa, niho ubukristo nya<strong>ku</strong>ri<br />
bugaragarira ko buboneye kandi bunejeje abantu bose, ko budakeneye imirimbo y’inyuma<br />
ngo bu<strong>ku</strong>nde bwerekane agaciro kabwo. Ubwiza bwo <strong>ku</strong>zira inenge, kwicisha bugufi<br />
n’umutima wo gutuza, nibyo bifite agaciro imbere y’Ima<strong>na</strong>.<br />
Gushashagira<strong>na</strong> si byo kimenyetso cyo <strong>ku</strong>bonera, n’ibitekerezo bihanitse. Imyumvire yo<br />
mu rwego rwo hejuru, kwigwandika no kwihwereza, kenshi biba mu ntekerezo no mu<br />
byumviro by’ab’isi. Kenshi ibyo bikoreshwa <strong>na</strong> Satani kwibagiza abantu iby’ingenzi imitima<br />
yabo ikeneye, ntibabone uko ahazaza hazaba hameze, bikabemeza ko ubugingo budapfa,<br />
baka<strong>na</strong>muka <strong>ku</strong> Umufasha wabo uhebuje byose, ibyiringiro byabo bikagarukira <strong>ku</strong>ri iyi si<br />
honyine.<br />
Idini y’ibigaragara inyuma ireshya gusa imitima itarabyawe ubwa kabiri. Gahunda<br />
n’imigenzo yo gusenga by’itorero Gatolika, bifite imbaraga ziyobya abantu benshi; <strong>ku</strong>geza<br />
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