Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba
Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya...
Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya...
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<strong>Itorero</strong> <strong>na</strong> <strong>Leta</strong> <strong>ku</strong> <strong>Rugamba</strong><br />
Igice Cya 15 – Impinduramatwara Mu Bufaransa<br />
Mu kinyeja<strong>na</strong> cya cumi <strong>na</strong> gatandatu, impinduramatwara yashyikirizaga abantu Bibiliya<br />
ibumbuye yari yarashatse kwinjira mu bihugu byose by’Uburayi. Ibihugu bimwe<br />
byayakiranye umunezero nk’aho ari intumwa yoherejwe n’Ijuru. Mu tundi turere, ubupapa<br />
bwari bwarageze <strong>ku</strong> ntego <strong>ku</strong> rwego rukomeye mu <strong>ku</strong>yamaga<strong>na</strong> ngo itahinjira. Bityo umucyo<br />
wo <strong>ku</strong>menya Bibiliya ndetse n’ubushobozi bwayo buzahura byasaga n’ibibujijwe <strong>ku</strong>hagera<br />
rwose. Mu gihugu kimwe, nubwo umucyo wahinjiye ntabwo umwijima wawumenye. Mu<br />
binyeja<strong>na</strong> byinshi, u<strong>ku</strong>ri n’ibinyoma byarwaniraga guhabwa icyicaro. Amaherezo ikibi<br />
cyaratsinze maze u<strong>ku</strong>ri mvajuru <strong>ku</strong>ramaganwa. “Uko gucirwaho iteka ni u<strong>ku</strong>; ni uko umucyo<br />
waje mu isi, abantu baga<strong>ku</strong>nda umwijima <strong>ku</strong>wurutisha umucyo.” 289 Icyo gihugu cyari<br />
gisigaje gusarura imbuto z’ibyo cyari cyarahisemo. Mwuka w’Ima<strong>na</strong> wa<strong>ku</strong>we mu bantu bari<br />
barasuzuguye impano y’ubuntu bw’Ima<strong>na</strong>. Ikibi cyahawe intebe kirasagamba maze isi yose<br />
ibo<strong>na</strong> umusaruro wo kwihitiramo kwanga umucyo.<br />
Urugamba rwo <strong>ku</strong>rwanya Bibiliya rwagiye rushozwa mu Bufaransa mu binyeja<strong>na</strong> byinshi<br />
rwaje <strong>ku</strong>gera ahakomeye rubyara Impinduramatwara. Ako kaga kadutse kari ingaruka y’uko<br />
Roma ya<strong>ku</strong>yeho Ibyanditswe Byera. Rwabaye urugero rubi rutigeze rubaho rugaragarije isi<br />
yose imikorere ya politiki y’ubupapa. Urwo rugamba rwabaye ukwigaragaza kw’ingaruka<br />
inyigisho z’<strong>Itorero</strong> ry’i Roma zerekezagaho mu gihe cy’imyaka isaga igihumbi.<br />
Gu<strong>ku</strong>raho Ibyanditswe Byera kwabayeho mu gihe ubupapa bwari bufite ubutware byari<br />
byaravuzwe n’abahanuzi; kandi Umuhishuzi <strong>na</strong>we yerekanye ingaruka ziteye ubwoba<br />
zagombaga <strong>ku</strong>gwirira Ubufaransa ziturutse <strong>ku</strong> butegetsi bw’“umunyabugome.”<br />
Umumarayika w’Uhoraho yaravuze ati: “Kandi umudugudu wera bazamara amezi<br />
mirongo ine n’abiri bawukandagira. Abahamya banjye babiri nzabaha guhanura, bahanure<br />
iminsi igihumbi <strong>na</strong> maga<strong>na</strong> abiri <strong>na</strong> mirongo itandatu, bambaye ibigunira. . . . Kandi<br />
nibarangiza guhamya kwabo, inyamaswa izazamuka ivuye i<strong>ku</strong>zimu, irwane <strong>na</strong>bo, ibaneshe,<br />
ibice. Intumbi zabo zizarambarara mu nzira nyabagendwa yo mu mudugudu munini, ni wo<br />
witwa i Sodomu no mu Egiputa mu mvugo y’umwuka, ari <strong>na</strong> ho Umwami wabo yabambwe.<br />
. . . Abari mu isi bazazishima hejuru, baziki<strong>na</strong> <strong>ku</strong> mubyimba, banezerwe, boherezanye<br />
impano, <strong>ku</strong>ko abo bahanuzi bombi bababazaga abari mu isi. Iyo minsi itatu n’igice ishize,<br />
umwuka w’ubugingo uva <strong>ku</strong> Ma<strong>na</strong> winjira muri bo, baherako barahaguruka: ubwoba bwinshi<br />
butera ababibonye.” 290<br />
Ibihe bivugwa aha ari byo -” amezi mirongo ine n’abiri” n’“iminsi igihumbi <strong>na</strong> maga<strong>na</strong><br />
abiri <strong>na</strong> mirongo itandatu”, byose ni bimwe, kandi byose bigaragaza igihe itorero rya Kristo<br />
ryagombaga <strong>ku</strong>babazwa n’ikandamizwa rituritse <strong>ku</strong> butegetsi bw’itorero ry’i Roma. Imyaka<br />
1260 yo gukomera k’ubupapa yatangiye muri 538 nyuma ya Kristo kandi yagombaga<br />
<strong>ku</strong>rangira mu 1798. Icyo gihe (mu 1798) ingabo z’Ubufaransa zinjiye i Roma, zifata Papa<br />
ziramufunga maze aza <strong>ku</strong>zagwa mu buhungiro. Nubwo undi mupapa mushya yatowe<br />
192
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