Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba
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Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba

Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya... Ubuhanga bw'intambara bufite akamaro kanini kuri Leta (buri ku butegetsi). Ni ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, umuhanda haba mumutekano cyangwa kurimbuka. Kubwibyo, ni ingingo yiperereza idashobora kwirengagizwa. Ubuhanga bw'intambara rero, bugengwa nibintu bitanu bihoraho, bigomba kwitabwaho ... Ibi ni: (1) Amategeko agenga imyitwarire; (2) Ijuru; (3) Isi; (4) Komanda; (5) Uburyo na disipulini. Amategeko agenga imyifatire atuma abantu bumvikana neza numutegetsi wabo, kugirango bazamukurikire batitaye ku mibereho yabo, badatezuka ku kaga ako ari ko kose… Komanda ashimangira ibyiza byubwenge, umurava, ubugwaneza, ubutwari no gukomera. Ibi bitanu (element) bigomba kumenyera buri general. Uzabazi azatsinda; uwabazi ntazatsindwa. Noneho jenerali watsinze urugamba akora imibare myinshi murusengero rwe mbere yuko urugamba ruba. Jenerali watsinzwe kurugamba akora ariko kubara bike mbere. Rero kubara byinshi biganisha ku ntsinzi war Intambara zose zishingiye kuburiganya...

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Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba bagomba gusoma Isezerano Rishya mu rurimi rwabo kavukire.” Intiti n’abigisha b’itorero ntibabashije kuvuga rumwe. Bibiliya niyo yonyine ibashisha abantu kugera ku kuri. “Umuntu akomera kuri uyu mwigisha, undi nawe agakomera kuri uriya. . . Bityo, buri wese muri abo banditsi avuguruza undi. None se twatandukanya dute uvuga ukuri n’uvuga ibinyoma?. . . Ni mu buhe buryo?. . . Nta bundi buryo keretse dukoresheje Ijambo ry’Imana.” 261 Hashize igihe gito gusa, intiti y’umugatolika yiyemeje guhangana nawe maze iravuga iti :“Ibyiza ni uko twabaho tudafite amategeko y’Imana kuruta kutagira aya Papa.” Tyndale yaramusubije ati : “Ndwanya Papa n’amategeko ye yose; kandi Imana nindindira ubuzima, mbere y’uko mfa, nzatuma umuhungu muto w’umuhinzi amenya byinshi ku Byanditswe Byera kukurusha.” 262 Umugambi yari ashishikariye wo kugeza ku baturage Ibyanditswe by’Isezerano Rishya risobanuye mu rurimi rwabo rwa kavukire, noneho yiyemeje kuwugeraho maze ahita atangira gukora uwo murimo. Amaze kwirukanwa iwe n’itoteza ryariho, yagiye mu murwa mukuru w’Ubwongereza (London), maze ahakomereza imirimo ye nta mbogamizi. Ariko nanone, ubugizi bwa nabi bw’abayoboke ba Papa bwatumye yongera guhunga. Byasaga n’aho nta hantu yaba mu gihugu cy’Ubwongereza maze yiyemeza gushakira ubuhungiro mu Budage. Aho mu Budage niho yatangiriye gucapisha Isezerano rishya mu Cyongereza. Incuro ebyiri zose, umurimo we wagiye uhagarikwa; ariko iyo yabuzwaga gucapira mu mujyi umwe, yajyaga mu wundi. Amaherezo yafashe inzira ajya i Worms ,aho mu myaka mike yari ishize, Luteri yari yahagaze imbere y’Inama nkuru y’abategetsi, maze ashyigikira ubutumwa bwiza. Muri uwo mujyi hari incuti nyinshi z’Ubugorozi, kandi Tyndale yahakomereje umurimo we nta mbogamizi. Bidatinze, ibitabo ibihumbi bitatu by’Isezerano Rishya byari birangiye gucapwa maze muri uwo mwaka hakurikiraho indi ngeri y’Isezerano Rishya. Yakomeje imirimo ye abishishikariye kandi afite kwihangana. Nubwo abategetsi b’Ubwongereza bagenzuraga cyane ku mipaka y’igihugu cyabo, Ijambo ry’Imana ryagezwaga i London rinyuze mu nzira zinyuranye z’ibanga, maze ziza gukwirakwizwa mu gihugu cyose. Abayoboke ba Papa bakoze uko bashoboye ngo bazimangatanye ukuri nyamara ntibyabashobokeye. Igihe kimwe umwepisikopi w’i Durham yaguze Bibiliya zose zari zifitwe n’umuntu wazigurishaga wari incuti ya Tyndale, azigura afite umugambi wo kuzitsembaho, yibwira ko ibyo bizabera imbogamizi ikomeye umurimo. Ariko, ibyabaye bitandukanye n’ibyo, kuko amafaranga yatanze azigura yaguzwe ibikoresho byo gusohora ingeri nyindi nshya ya Bibiliya, kandi nziza kurutaho itarashoboraga gucapwa iyo ayo mafaranga ataboneka. Nyuma y’aho, ubwo Tyndale yafungwaga, yasezeraniwe kurekurwa ariko ari uko abanje kuvuga amazina y’abantu bamufashije kubona amafaranga yo gucapisha za Bibiliya ze. Yabasubije ko umwepisikopi w’i Durham ariwe wamufashije kuruta abandi bose; kuko igihe yaguraga ibitabo byari byasigaye ku mafaranga menshi, yamushoboje gukomeza afite ubutwari bwinshi. 178

Itorero na Leta ku Rugamba Tyndale yaje kugambanirwa afatwa n’abanzi be, maze igihe kimwe afungwa amezi menshi. Amaherezo, kwizera yaje kuguhamisha kwicwa azize kwizera kwe, ariko intwaro yari yarateguye zashoboje izindi ngabo kurwana urugamba mu myaka amagana menshi yakurikiyeho kugeza na n’ubu. Ubwo Latimer yari ahagaze ku ruhimbi, yashyigikiye ko Bibiliya ikwiriye gusomwa mu rurimi rwumvwa n’abaturage. Yaravuze ati : “Uwandikishije Ibyanditswe Byera ni Imana ubwayo. . .kandi ibyo Byanditswe bifatanyije ubushobozi no kubaho by’iteka ryose by’Uwabyandikishije. Yaba umwami, umwami w’abami, umucamanza ndetse n’umutware, nta n’umwe utagomba kumvira Ijambo ryera ry’Imana.” Nimutyo twe kugendera mu nzira itemewe, ahubwo mureke Ijambo ry’Imana abe ari ryo rituyobora: nimutyo twe kugera ikirenge mu cy’abakurambere bacu, cyangwa ngo dushake gukora ibyo bakoze, ahubwo dushake ibyo bagombaga gukora.” 263 Incuti z’indahemuka za Tyndale ari zo Barnes na Frith, zarahagurutse kugira ngo zihagararire ukuri. Hakurikiyeho Ridley na Cranmer. Abo bakuru b’Ubugorozi b’Abongereza bari abantu baminuje, kandi abenshi muri bo, bari barigeze kubahwa kubw’ishyaka n’imibereho itunganye bagiriye mu itorero ry’i Roma. Kwitandukanya n’ubupapa kwabo byatewe cyane no kumenya amafuti yakorerwaga “mu murwa wera.” Gusobanukirwa n’amabanga Ya Babuloni kwashyigikiye cyane ubuhamya batangaga bayirwanya. Latimer yaravuze ati : “Ubu ndifuza kubaza ikibazo kidasanzwe.” “Ni nde mwepisikopi ushishikaye cyane kandi akaba n’umuyobozi mukuru mu Bwongeraza bwose? . . . Ndabona mwese munteze amatwi ngo mwumve uko mwita. . . None mureke mubabwire: ni Satani. Ntabwo yigera asiba kuba muri diyosezi ye. Igihe cyose mumushaka, ntimuzamubura. Ahora ku murimo we. Mbarahiye ko mutazigera musanga yicaye ubusa adakora. . . Aho sekibi atuye hose, nta bitabo biharangwa, ahubwo usanga hacanywe amatara; nta Bibiliya ziharagera, ahubwo uhasanga ishapule! Nta mucyo w’ubutumwa bwiza uhasanga, ahubwo haba hari umucyo wa za buji ndetse no ku manywa y’ihangu! Apfobya umusaraba wa Kristo, akerereza purigatori imara amafaranga mu mifuka y’abantu. Kwambika abambaye ubusa, abakene n’abamugaye birirengagizwa, hakitabwaho gutaka amashusho no kurimbisha amabuye! Imigenzo y’abantu n’amategeko yabo ni byo bihabwa intebe, naho iby’Imana n’Ijambo ryayo ryera bigashyirwa hasi. Iyaba abayobozi bacu bakuru bashishikariraga kubiba imbuto y’amahame atunganye nk’uko Satani ashishikarira kubiba urukungu!” 264 Ihame rikuru abo bagorozi bagenderagaho - ari na ryo ryari ryarashyigikiwe n’Abawalidense, Yohani Huss, Wycliffe, Luteri, Zwingli n’abandi bifatanyije na bo- ryari ububasha butibeshya bw’Ibyanditswe Byera, byo mugenga wo kwizera n’imikorere. Bahakanye uburenganzira bwa papa, inama z’idini, abapadiri ndetse n’umwami ubwe, kubyerekeye kugenga umutimanama mu bijyanye n’idini. Bibiliya ni yo yari umugenga wabo kandi ibyo yigisha ni byo basuzumishaga inyigisho zose n’ibivugwa byose. Kwizera Imana n’Ijambo ryayo byakomezaga abo bantu b’imbonera, igihe batangaga ubuzima bwabo bapfira 179

<strong>Itorero</strong> <strong>na</strong> <strong>Leta</strong> <strong>ku</strong> <strong>Rugamba</strong><br />

bagomba gusoma Isezerano Rishya mu rurimi rwabo kavukire.” Intiti n’abigisha b’itorero<br />

ntibabashije <strong>ku</strong>vuga rumwe. Bibiliya niyo yonyine ibashisha abantu <strong>ku</strong>gera <strong>ku</strong> <strong>ku</strong>ri. “Umuntu<br />

akomera <strong>ku</strong>ri uyu mwigisha, undi <strong>na</strong>we agakomera <strong>ku</strong>ri uriya. . . Bityo, buri wese muri abo<br />

banditsi avuguruza undi. None se twatandukanya dute uvuga u<strong>ku</strong>ri n’uvuga ibinyoma?. . . Ni<br />

mu buhe buryo?. . . Nta bundi buryo keretse dukoresheje Ijambo ry’Ima<strong>na</strong>.” 261<br />

Hashize igihe gito gusa, intiti y’umugatolika yiyemeje guhanga<strong>na</strong> <strong>na</strong>we maze iravuga iti<br />

:“Ibyiza ni uko twabaho tudafite amategeko y’Ima<strong>na</strong> <strong>ku</strong>ruta <strong>ku</strong>tagira aya Papa.” Tyndale<br />

yaramusubije ati : “Ndwanya Papa n’amategeko ye yose; kandi Ima<strong>na</strong> nindindira ubuzima,<br />

mbere y’uko mfa, nzatuma umuhungu muto w’umuhinzi amenya byinshi <strong>ku</strong> Byanditswe<br />

Byera <strong>ku</strong><strong>ku</strong>rusha.” 262<br />

Umugambi yari ashishikariye wo <strong>ku</strong>geza <strong>ku</strong> baturage Ibyanditswe by’Isezerano Rishya<br />

risobanuye mu rurimi rwabo rwa kavukire, noneho yiyemeje <strong>ku</strong>wugeraho maze ahita atangira<br />

gukora uwo murimo. Amaze kwirukanwa iwe n’itoteza ryariho, yagiye mu murwa mu<strong>ku</strong>ru<br />

w’Ubwongereza (London), maze ahakomereza imirimo ye nta mbogamizi. Ariko <strong>na</strong>none,<br />

ubugizi bwa <strong>na</strong>bi bw’abayoboke ba Papa bwatumye yongera guhunga. Byasaga n’aho nta<br />

hantu yaba mu gihugu cy’Ubwongereza maze yiyemeza gushakira ubuhungiro mu Budage.<br />

Aho mu Budage niho yatangiriye gucapisha Isezerano rishya mu Cyongereza. Incuro ebyiri<br />

zose, umurimo we wagiye uhagarikwa; ariko iyo yabuzwaga gucapira mu mujyi umwe,<br />

yajyaga mu wundi. Amaherezo yafashe inzira ajya i Worms ,aho mu myaka mike yari ishize,<br />

Luteri yari yahagaze imbere y’I<strong>na</strong>ma n<strong>ku</strong>ru y’abategetsi, maze ashyigikira ubutumwa bwiza.<br />

Muri uwo mujyi hari incuti nyinshi z’Ubugorozi, kandi Tyndale yahakomereje umurimo we<br />

nta mbogamizi. Bidatinze, ibitabo ibihumbi bitatu by’Isezerano Rishya byari birangiye<br />

gucapwa maze muri uwo mwaka ha<strong>ku</strong>rikiraho indi ngeri y’Isezerano Rishya.<br />

Yakomeje imirimo ye abishishikariye kandi afite kwihanga<strong>na</strong>. Nubwo abategetsi<br />

b’Ubwongereza bagenzuraga cyane <strong>ku</strong> mipaka y’igihugu cyabo, Ijambo ry’Ima<strong>na</strong><br />

ryagezwaga i London rinyuze mu nzira zinyuranye z’ibanga, maze ziza gukwirakwizwa mu<br />

gihugu cyose. Abayoboke ba Papa bakoze uko bashoboye ngo bazimangatanye u<strong>ku</strong>ri nyamara<br />

ntibyabashobokeye. Igihe kimwe umwepisikopi w’i Durham yaguze Bibiliya zose zari zifitwe<br />

n’umuntu wazigurishaga wari incuti ya Tyndale, azigura afite umugambi wo <strong>ku</strong>zitsembaho,<br />

yibwira ko ibyo bizabera imbogamizi ikomeye umurimo. Ariko, ibyabaye bitandukanye<br />

n’ibyo, <strong>ku</strong>ko amafaranga yatanze azigura yaguzwe ibikoresho byo gusohora ingeri nyindi<br />

nshya ya Bibiliya, kandi nziza <strong>ku</strong>rutaho itarashoboraga gucapwa iyo ayo mafaranga<br />

ataboneka. Nyuma y’aho, ubwo Tyndale yafungwaga, yasezeraniwe <strong>ku</strong>re<strong>ku</strong>rwa ariko ari uko<br />

abanje <strong>ku</strong>vuga amazi<strong>na</strong> y’abantu bamufashije <strong>ku</strong>bo<strong>na</strong> amafaranga yo gucapisha za Bibiliya<br />

ze. Yabasubije ko umwepisikopi w’i Durham ariwe wamufashije <strong>ku</strong>ruta abandi bose; <strong>ku</strong>ko<br />

igihe yaguraga ibitabo byari byasigaye <strong>ku</strong> mafaranga menshi, yamushoboje gukomeza afite<br />

ubutwari bwinshi.<br />

178

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