Mankhwala a HIV ndi EDZI - PIH Model Online - Partners in Health
Mankhwala a HIV ndi EDZI - PIH Model Online - Partners in Health
Mankhwala a HIV ndi EDZI - PIH Model Online - Partners in Health
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Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Chiyambi<br />
<strong>Mankhwala</strong> a ma-ARV amaletsa kachirombo ka <strong>HIV</strong> kuti kasaswane <strong>ndi</strong>kuononga<br />
chitetezo cha m’thupi. <strong>Mankhwala</strong>wa samachiza <strong>EDZI</strong>, choncho munthu wodwalayo<br />
afunika kuwamwa moyo wake onse. <strong>Mankhwala</strong>wa amafunika kuwamwa panthawi<br />
yomweyomweyo tsiku lililonse komanso kutsatira malangizo ake. Azaumoyo a<br />
m’mudzi akamvetsa bw<strong>in</strong>o za mankhwala a <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>EDZI</strong> <strong>ndi</strong>ye kuti sikudzakhala kovuta<br />
kuwalimbikitsa odwala kuti apitirize kumwa mankhwala <strong>ndi</strong> kupewa makhalidwe<br />
omwe angaike moyo wawo pachiswe. Mutu uno ufotokoza za ma-ARV <strong>ndi</strong> nkhani<br />
zokhudza kusalekeza kumwa mankhwalawa koma kutsata ndondomeko zake. Mfundo<br />
zokhuza nkhaniyi zapitirizidwa m’gawo 6, lomwe likufotokoza za zovuta zomwe munthu<br />
amakumana nazo akamwa mankhwalawa.<br />
Zol<strong>in</strong>ga<br />
Pakutha pa gawoli ophunzirawa ayenera:<br />
a Kufotokoza kuti mankhwala a ma-ARV amagwira ntchito yoletsa<br />
kachirombo ka <strong>HIV</strong> kuswana m’thupi la munthu.<br />
b Kufotokoza nthawi yomwe ma-ARV ayenera kumwedwa, kangati pa tsiku,<br />
nthawi yayitali bwanji komanso kuchuluka kwake.<br />
c Kuzi<strong>ndi</strong>kira may<strong>in</strong>a a ma-ARV <strong>ndi</strong> zizi<strong>ndi</strong>kiro zomwe zimagwiritsidwa<br />
ntchito pa makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala.<br />
d Kufotokoza kuti ma-ARV afunika kuwasunga pamalo ouma, osawalira<br />
dzuwa, ozizirira komanso posafikira ana.<br />
e Kuzi<strong>ndi</strong>kira zizi<strong>ndi</strong>kiro zoonetsa kuti odwala akumwa mankhwala a ARV<br />
mosadukizadukiza, akuchita z<strong>in</strong>thu zoyenera kuti moyo wawo upitirire<br />
kukhala wathanzi komanso zizi<strong>ndi</strong>kiro zoonetsa kuti sakuchita zimenezi.<br />
f<br />
Kupereka chitsanzo cha kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira<br />
mankhwala.<br />
g Kufotokoza zimene timatanthauza tikati munthu akumwa mankhala<br />
mosadukiza <strong>ndi</strong> mavuto amene amakhalapo.<br />
Nthawi<br />
1 Hour, 40 M<strong>in</strong>utes<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera<br />
135
136<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Mutu Mwachidule<br />
Ntchito Zoti Ziphunzitsidwe Njira Nthawi Zipangizo Zofunikira<br />
1 Mphunzitsi<br />
2 Ali<br />
afotokoza<br />
mfundo zokhudza<br />
ma-ARV, zizi<strong>ndi</strong>kiro<br />
zimene zili pa makhadi<br />
ola<strong>ndi</strong>lira mankhwala<br />
<strong>ndi</strong> kumwa mankhwala<br />
mosadukizadukiza..<br />
awiriawiri,<br />
ophunzirawa apeza<br />
njira zothetsera mavuto<br />
akumwa mankhwala<br />
modukizadukiza omwe<br />
angathe kuchitika.<br />
Kufotokoza kwa<br />
Mphunzitsi<br />
Zokambirana<br />
za M’magulu<br />
Akuluakulu<br />
Kutha<strong>ndi</strong>zana<br />
Anthu Awiriawiri<br />
Mfundo Zikuluzikulu<br />
60 M<strong>in</strong>utes<br />
40 M<strong>in</strong>utes<br />
• Matchati kapena kudzera pa mak<strong>in</strong>a a<br />
kompyuta<br />
• Chipangizo chotulutsa mawu <strong>ndi</strong> zithunzi<br />
(ngati akugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta)<br />
• Makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala<br />
• <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a ma-ARV<br />
• Bukhu la Wazaumoyo wa M’mudzi<br />
• Makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala<br />
• Ziyelekezo (ikatha ntchito iyi)<br />
• Bukhu la Wazaumoyo wa M’mudzi<br />
• Ma-ARV amagwira ntchito yoletsa kachirombo ka <strong>HIV</strong> kuti kasaswane m’thupi.<br />
• Munthu amamwa ma-ARV moyo wake onse.<br />
• Anthu amene ali <strong>ndi</strong> kachirombo ka <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>EDZI</strong> afunika kumwa ma-ARV pa<br />
nthawi yomweyoyomweyo tsiku lililonse motsatira malangizo ake.<br />
• N’zovuta kumwa ma-ARV tsiku <strong>ndi</strong> tsiku kwa moyo wonse, koma ngati anthu<br />
amene ali <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>EDZI</strong> adukiza kumwa mankhwala, <strong>ndi</strong>ye kuti mankhwalawo<br />
sagwiranso ntchito.<br />
• Ngati odwala amwa mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo zimachititsa<br />
kuti ma-ARV asamagwire bw<strong>in</strong>o ntchito mthupi.<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera
Ntchito 1<br />
<strong>Mankhwala</strong> a ma-ARV<br />
Kufotokoza kwa Mphunzitsi<br />
Zokambirana za M’magulu Akuluakulu<br />
Nthawi<br />
60 M<strong>in</strong>utes<br />
Zol<strong>in</strong>ga<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
a Kufotokoza kuti mankhwala a ma-ARV amagwira ntchito yoletsa kachirombo<br />
ka <strong>HIV</strong> kuti kasapitirire kuswana m’thupi.<br />
b Kufotokoza nthawi yomwe ma-ARV ayenera kumwedwa, kangati pa tsiku,<br />
kwa nthawi yaitali bwanji komanso kuchuluka kwake.<br />
c Kudziwa may<strong>in</strong>a a ma-ARV <strong>ndi</strong> zizi<strong>ndi</strong>kiro za mankhwalawa zomwe<br />
zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala.<br />
d Kufotokoza kuti ma-ARV amafunika kuwasunga pamalo ouma, osawala dzuwa,<br />
ozizirira komanso oti ana sangawafikire.<br />
Kukonzekera<br />
• Sonkhanitsani mankhwala a ma-ARV osiyanasiyana <strong>ndi</strong> moti muikemo<br />
mankhwalawa monga mabokosi kapena mbale.<br />
• Konzani malo osachepera asanu m’chip<strong>in</strong>damo kuti pamalo alionse pakhale<br />
anthu asanu kapena ochepera apa. Ikani mankhwala <strong>ndi</strong> makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira<br />
mankhwala pa malo alionse.<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
Zipangizo Zofunikira<br />
Matchati kapena kudzera pa mak<strong>in</strong>a a kompyuta<br />
Chipangizo chotulutsa mawu <strong>ndi</strong> zithunzi (ngati akugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta)<br />
Makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala<br />
• <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a ma-ARV<br />
•<br />
Bukhu la Wazaumoyo wa M’mudzi<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 137
138<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
1<br />
2<br />
»<br />
Ndondomeko<br />
<strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Uzani ophunzirawa kuti gawo l<strong>in</strong>o likufotokoza nkhani za ma-ARV.<br />
Funsani ophunzira kuti:<br />
Kodi <strong>in</strong>u kapena w<strong>in</strong>a amene mukumudziwa adamwapo mankhwala?<br />
» azimwedwa?<br />
»<br />
Kodi pali nthawi zake zenizeni zimene mankhwala ena ake a mafunika kuti<br />
Kodi pali malangizo alionse amene amafunika kutsatidwa pakumwa mankhwala ena?<br />
» Izi zili chomwechi chifukwa chiyani?<br />
(<strong>Mankhwala</strong> osiyanasiyana amagwira nthito m’matupi athu mosiyananso<br />
<strong>ndi</strong>po <strong>ndi</strong>kofunika kuti ife tis<strong>in</strong>the zochita zathu kuti mankhwalawo atitha<strong>ndi</strong>ze<br />
mokwanira.)<br />
3 Fotokozani kuti ma-ARV amaletsa <strong>HIV</strong> kuswana <strong>ndi</strong> kupha ma-CD4, omwe<br />
<strong>ndi</strong> ofunika kwambiri pachitetezo cha m’thupi. <strong>HIV</strong> ikakaswana imafooketsa<br />
chitetezo cha m’thupi. Ngati munthu amwa ma-ARV moyenera komanso<br />
mosadumphitsadumphitsa, chitetezo cha m’thupi lake chimakhala champhamvu.<br />
Munthu akapezeka <strong>ndi</strong> kachirombo ka <strong>HIV</strong>, sikuti amayamba kumwa mankhwala<br />
a ma-ARV nthawi yomweyo. Dokotala kapena namw<strong>in</strong>o pamodzi <strong>ndi</strong> wazaumoyo<br />
wa m’mudzi angaone nthawi yoti munthuyo ayambe kumwa mankhwala a ma-<br />
ARV mal<strong>in</strong>ga <strong>ndi</strong> nthazi lake.<br />
4<br />
Mutu 5<br />
<strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
<strong>Partners</strong> In <strong>Health</strong><br />
Zanmi Lasante<br />
Bo-Mphato Litsebeletsong tsa Bophelo<br />
Inshuti Mu Buzima<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
52<br />
Anthu amene apezeka <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>HIV</strong> amakakumana <strong>ndi</strong> dokotala kamodzi mwezi<br />
ulionse. Ngati sanayambe kumwa ma-ARV adokotala kapena anamw<strong>in</strong>o<br />
amawayeza n’kuona ngati akufunikira kuyamba ma-ARV. Ngati akumwa ma-<br />
ARV dokotala amawayeza kuti aone ngati mankhwalawo akugwira nthito.<br />
Chitetezo cha m’thupi (CD4) chikachepera pa 250, dokotala kapena namw<strong>in</strong>o<br />
amamuyambitsa munthuyo ma-ARV. (Nambalayi ikhonza kus<strong>in</strong>tha mtsogolomu<br />
kufika 350.)<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera
5<br />
6<br />
7<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Fotokozani kuti pofuna kuletsa kachirombo ka <strong>HIV</strong> kuti kasaswane, wodwalayo<br />
ayenera kumwa mitundu itatu ya ma-ARV tsiku <strong>ndi</strong> tsiku. Tili <strong>ndi</strong> mwayi kuti<br />
ma-ARV ambiri amene tili nawo ku Malawi kuno, anaphatikizamo mitundu<br />
iwiri kapena itatu m’pilisi limodzi kuti munthu asamachite kumwa mapilisi<br />
ambirimbiri. Mapilisi amenewa amatchedwa amphamvu z<strong>in</strong>gapo.<br />
Anthu amene ali <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>HIV</strong> akangoyamba kumwa mankhwala afunika kumwa<br />
mankhalawa nthawi yomweyomweyo tsiku lililonse moyo wawo wonse. Uku<br />
<strong>ndi</strong>ko timati kumwa mankhwala kosadukiza. Ngati wodwala alekeza kumwa<br />
mankhwala kapena adumphitsadumphitsa kamwedwe kake, <strong>HIV</strong> imayamba<br />
kuswana <strong>ndi</strong> kupha ma-CD4. Ngati odwala ali <strong>ndi</strong> chizolowezi chomamwa<br />
<strong>ndi</strong> kulekeza kumwa ma-ARV, kachirombo ka <strong>HIV</strong> kamene kali m’thupi lawo<br />
kadzatha kulimbana <strong>ndi</strong> ma-ARV. Zikafika apa timati kachilomboko sikakumva<br />
mankhwala <strong>ndi</strong>po <strong>ndi</strong>zoopsa kwambiri. <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a ma-ARV sadzathanso<br />
kugwira nthito yawo monga m’mene amayenera kuchitira.<br />
Fotokozani kuti amayi oyembekezera amene ali <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>HIV</strong> amathandzidwa<br />
mosiyana <strong>ndi</strong> anthu ena. Atha kuyambitsidwa kumwa ma-ARV pofuna kupewa<br />
kuti angapatsire kachirombo ka <strong>HIV</strong> mwana yemwe akuyembekezerayo. Amayi<br />
oyembekezera amene ali <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>HIV</strong> angafunike kupita ku chipatala kangapo pa<br />
mwezi m’malo mwa kamodzi. Wodwala akayamba kumwa ma-ARV dokotala<br />
kapena namw<strong>in</strong>o amakumana <strong>ndi</strong> wazaumoyo wa m’mudzi pamodzi <strong>ndi</strong><br />
wodwalayo n’kuwafotokozera mankhwala amene wodwalayo azimwa, nthawi<br />
yomwera <strong>ndi</strong>ponso kuchuluka kwake. Zimenezi azidzilemba pa pepala kuti<br />
wodwalayo <strong>ndi</strong> wazaumoyo wa m’mudzi adzitha kukumbukila.<br />
8 Mu ntchito iyi ophunzirawa aphunzira nkhani zokhudza ma-ARV. Ayesetse<br />
kukumbukira zomwe aphunzirazi, komabe mfundozi ziliponso mu Bukhu la<br />
Wazaumoyo wa M’mudzi (gawo 5 tsamba 113).<br />
9<br />
10<br />
Gawani ophunzirawa m’magulu asanu powauza kuti aliyense azitchula<br />
manambala kuchokera 1 mpaka 5 — onse amene anatchula 1 akhale gulu<br />
limodzi, amene anatchula 2 akhalenso gulu lawo mpaka 5. (Yesetsani kuika<br />
munthu amene amatha kulemba <strong>ndi</strong> kuwerenga kapena wazaumoyo wa m’mudzi<br />
yemwe amadziwa bw<strong>in</strong>o ntchito yake pa gulu lililonse.)<br />
Uzani ophunzirawa kuti pagulu lililonse pali makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala.<br />
(mtundu ulionse wa ARV uli <strong>ndi</strong> khadi lake) <strong>ndi</strong> mapilisi a ma-ARV. Awa<br />
<strong>ndi</strong> ma-ARV osiynasiyana amene akupezeka m’dziko muno. Apatseni<br />
ophunzirawa nthawi yokwanira kuti awaone makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala<br />
<strong>ndi</strong> kufunsa mafunso okhudza makhadiwo. Onetsetsani kuti akutha kuwerenga<br />
makhadiwa. Fotokozani kuti mu gawo 6, aphunzira mavuto amene amadza<br />
munthu akamamwa ma-ARV kotero kuti asadere nkhawa za zimenezi panopa.<br />
Onetsetsani kuti ophunzirawa akumvetsa zomwe zithunzi zomwe zili pa makhadi<br />
ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala zikuimira.<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 139
140<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
11 Sandutsani ntchitoyi kukhala sewero. Pamene mutchula ma<strong>in</strong>a a ma-ARVs,<br />
funsani ma gulu kuti a yang’ane <strong>ndi</strong> kukweza khadi yolodola <strong>ndi</strong> pirisi lake.<br />
Gulu loyamba kupeza khadi <strong>ndi</strong> pirisi mulipatse po<strong>in</strong>ti, <strong>ndi</strong>po potsiriza<br />
mudzanena opambana. Gulu likapeza pirisi lolondola, funsani magulu enao ngati<br />
akuvomereza kapena ayi. Akapeza pirisi logwirizana <strong>ndi</strong> khadi lake, onetsani<br />
tchati tsopano lomwe liri <strong>ndi</strong> izi.<br />
12<br />
13<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
T 30 (Triomune)<br />
Pilisi limeneli anaphatikizamo Sitavud<strong>in</strong>i (D4T) Lamivud<strong>in</strong>i(3TC) <strong>ndi</strong> Nevirap<strong>in</strong>i<br />
(NVP). Pilisi limeneli limatchedwa T30. Auzeni ophunzira kuti aone mtundu<br />
wake, kaonekedwe <strong>ndi</strong> kukula kwa pilisili. Nthawi zambiri wodwala amafunika<br />
kumwa pilisi limodzi kawiri pa tsiku: 6 koloko m’mawa <strong>ndi</strong> 6 koloko madzulo.<br />
<strong>Mankhwala</strong>wa amaperekedwanso pa milungu iwiri yoyamba kula<strong>ndi</strong>ra<br />
mankhwala pa gulu la “ <strong>Mankhwala</strong> oyambira” pomwe wodwala amafunika<br />
kumwa pilisi limodzi m’mawa pa 6 koloko.<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
T 30 (Triomune)<br />
Kuphatikiza mankhwala a Stavud<strong>in</strong>e (d4T), Lamivud<strong>in</strong>e (3TC),<br />
<strong>ndi</strong> Nevirap<strong>in</strong>e (NVP)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(T30-d4T 30mg,<br />
3TC-150 mg,<br />
NVP-200mg)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(d4T-30 mg,<br />
3TC-150mg)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
LS30<br />
Kuphatikiza mankhwala a d4T <strong>ndi</strong> 3TC<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
53<br />
54<br />
LS 30<br />
Mpilisi ili anaphatizamo Sitavud<strong>in</strong>i (D4T) <strong>ndi</strong> Lamivud<strong>in</strong>i (3TC). Kawirikawiri<br />
mankhwalawa amaperekedwa pa milungu iwiri yoyambirira kumwa mankhwala<br />
pa gulu la mankhwala oyambira, <strong>ndi</strong>po wodwalayo amamwa madzulo 6 koloko.<br />
Nthawi z<strong>in</strong>a mankhalawa amaperekedwa kwa wodwala akadana <strong>ndi</strong> ena mwa<br />
mankhwala a gulu la T30. Zikatere dokotala amauza wodwalayo kuti adzimwa<br />
kawiri pa tsiku, 6 koloko m’mawa <strong>ndi</strong> 6 koloko madzulo <strong>ndi</strong>po kawiri kawiri<br />
amamupatsanso mankhwala ena otchedwa Efavirenzi.<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera
14<br />
15<br />
16<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Efavirenzi (Efavirenz—EFV)<br />
Auzeni ophunzira kuti aone kaonekedwe <strong>ndi</strong> kukula kwa pilisili. Kamwedwe<br />
kake: pilisi limodzi (600mg) kamodzi pa tsiku, madzulo 6 koloko. Wodwalayo<br />
ayenera kumwa asanadye kanthu kalikonse.<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
Kombiviri kapena Duoviri (Comibivir or Duovir)<br />
Mpilisi ili muli zidovud<strong>in</strong>i (AZT) <strong>ndi</strong> Lamivud<strong>in</strong>i (3TC). Kawirikawiri<br />
mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa wodwala amene wadana <strong>ndi</strong> ena mwa<br />
mankhwala a mu T30. Auzeni ophunzira kuti aone mtundu, kukula <strong>ndi</strong><br />
kaonekedwe ka pilisili. Kamwedwe kake <strong>ndi</strong> pilisi limodzi (350/150g) kawiri pa<br />
tsiku, 6 koloko m’mawa <strong>ndi</strong> 6 koloko madzulo. Kawirikawiri mankhwalawa<br />
amaperekedwa pamodzi <strong>ndi</strong> Nevirap<strong>in</strong>i.<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
Efavirenzi (Efavirenz—EFV)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(600 mg akulu<br />
akulu, 200 mg<br />
kwa ana)<br />
Imwani<br />
musanadye<br />
Imwani kamodzi patsiku:<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Kombiviri kapena Duoviri<br />
(Comibivir or Duovir)<br />
Kuphatikiza Zidovud<strong>in</strong>e (AZT) <strong>ndi</strong> 3TC<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(3TC-150 mg,<br />
AZT-300 mg)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Nevirap<strong>in</strong>i (Nevirap<strong>in</strong>e—NVP)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(200 mg)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
55<br />
56<br />
57<br />
Nevirap<strong>in</strong>i (Nevirap<strong>in</strong>e—NVP)<br />
Aauzeni ophunzira kuti aone mtundu, kaonekedwe <strong>ndi</strong> kukula kwa pilisili.<br />
Kamwedwe kake pilisi limodzi kawiri patsiku, 6 koloko m’mawa <strong>ndi</strong> 6 koloko<br />
madzulo.<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 141
142<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
17<br />
18<br />
19<br />
20<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
Lop<strong>in</strong>aviri/Ritonaviri (Lop<strong>in</strong>avir/Ritonavir--Lop/r)<br />
Auzeni ophunzira kuti aone mtundu, kaonekedwe <strong>ndi</strong> kukula kwa pilisili. Ku<br />
Malawi kuno wodwala amapatsidwa mankhwalawa ngati mankhwala a T30 kapena<br />
ena anamus<strong>in</strong>thila sakumutha<strong>ndi</strong>za. Kamwedwe kake <strong>ndi</strong> kawiri patsiku, 6 koloko<br />
m’mawa <strong>ndi</strong> 6 koloko madzulo, koma adokotala <strong>ndi</strong> amene amanena kuti munthuyo<br />
adzimwa mapilisi angati.<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
Tenofoviri (Tenofovir—TDF)<br />
Auzeni ophunzira kuti aone mtundu, kaonekedwe <strong>ndi</strong> kukula kwa pilisili. Ku<br />
Malawi kuno wodwala amala<strong>ndi</strong>ra mankhwalawa ngati mankhwala a T30<br />
kapena ena amene anamus<strong>in</strong>thira sakumutha<strong>ndi</strong>za. Kamwedwe kake: pilisi<br />
limodzi (300mg) kamodzi patsiku, 6 koloko m’mawa.<br />
Werengetserani mapo<strong>in</strong>si <strong>ndi</strong>kulengeza gulu limene lapambana.<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
Lop<strong>in</strong>aviri/Ritonaviri<br />
(Lop<strong>in</strong>avir/Ritonavir–Lop/r)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(Lop<strong>in</strong>avir<br />
200 mg,<br />
Ritonavir 50 mg)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Tenofoviri (Tenofovir—TDF)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(300 mg Tenofovir<br />
Disoproxil<br />
Fumarate )<br />
(245 mg Tenofovir<br />
Disoproxil)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(480 mg akulu<br />
akulu, kwa ana<br />
zimatengera<br />
zaka zawo)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Bakitirimu (Bactrim)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
59<br />
60<br />
58<br />
Bakitirimu<br />
Fotokozani kuti anthu ambiri amene ali <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>HIV</strong> amafunikanso kumwa<br />
mankhwala ena otchedwa Bakitirimu. <strong>Mankhwala</strong> amenewa sali m’gulu la ma-<br />
ARV. Amenewa <strong>ndi</strong> mankhwala otha<strong>ndi</strong>za kulimbana <strong>ndi</strong> matenda ongopezerapo<br />
mwayi kamba ka <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong>po amagwira nthito yakupha mabakitiriya.<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera
21<br />
22<br />
23<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
<strong>Mankhwala</strong> Oyambira<br />
Afotokozereni ophunzira kuti pali magulu osiyanasiyana a ma-ARV <strong>ndi</strong>po<br />
anawapangira anthu osiyanasiyana. Odwala <strong>ndi</strong> azaumoyo a m’mudzi ayenera<br />
kufunsa a dokotala kapena anamw<strong>in</strong>o ngati sankumvetsa bw<strong>in</strong>o za mankhwala<br />
amene ala<strong>ndi</strong>ra. Odwala ambiri amamwa mankhwala oyambira kwa milungu<br />
iwiri yoyamba. Odwala amene akumwa mankhwala oyambira amamwa pilisi<br />
limodzi la T30 m’mawa 6 koloko <strong>ndi</strong> pilisi la Ls30 madzulo 6 koloko. Thupi la<br />
wodwala limafunika kuzolowela mankhwala a Nevirap<strong>in</strong>i mu T30. Pakatha<br />
milungu iwiri mankhwala a Nevirap<strong>in</strong>i angawaonjezere m’kuyamba kumamwa<br />
T30 kawiri patsiku, 6 koloko m’mawa <strong>ndi</strong> 6 koloko madzulo.<br />
Asungeni kutali<br />
<strong>ndi</strong> ana<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
“<strong>Mankhwala</strong> Oyambira”<br />
(Starter Pack)<br />
Imwani kwa milungu iwiri<br />
yoyambirira kumwa mankhwala.<br />
Imwani pilisi limodzi la T 30<br />
6 koloko m’mawa –<br />
T 30 = d4T 30mg, 3TC 150 mg, <strong>ndi</strong><br />
NVP 200mg.<br />
Imwani pilisi limodzi la<br />
LS 6 koloko madzulo<br />
30<br />
150 mg Lamivud<strong>in</strong>e, 30 mg Stavud<strong>in</strong>e<br />
61<br />
Kusunga <strong>Mankhwala</strong><br />
Nenani kuti ma-ARV afunika kusungidwa pamalo amodzi: pouma, posawalira<br />
dzuwa, pozizirira komanso posafikira ana. Afunseni ophunzirawa chifukwa chake<br />
kusunga mankhwala pamalo abw<strong>in</strong>o kuli kofunika.<br />
Idyani chakudya<br />
chopatsa thanzi<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
Kusunga <strong>Mankhwala</strong><br />
Asungeni posafi ka<br />
dzuwa <strong>ndi</strong> kutentha<br />
Kukhala <strong>ndi</strong> Moyo Wathanzi<br />
Asungeni pouma<br />
Musamwe mowa Musasute fodya<br />
62<br />
63<br />
Kukhala <strong>ndi</strong> Moyo Wathanzi<br />
Fotokozani kuti anthu amene ali <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>EDZI</strong> atha kukhala <strong>ndi</strong> moyo wathanzi<br />
nthawi imene akumwa ma-ARV ngati apewa kusuta fodya, osamwa mowa, kudya<br />
zakudya zabw<strong>in</strong>o nthawi zonse, kumayendayenda, kupuma nthawi yokwanira <strong>ndi</strong><br />
kuchita nawo zochitikachitika zabw<strong>in</strong>o zomwe anthu ena akuchita.<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 143
144<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
24<br />
25<br />
26<br />
Gonanani Modziteteza Nthawi Zonse<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
Kugonana Modziteteza<br />
Tsi<strong>ndi</strong>kani kuti kukhala <strong>ndi</strong> moyo wathanzi kumakhudzanso makhalidwe omwe<br />
amateteza anthu ena kutenga kachirombo ka <strong>HIV</strong>. Tsi<strong>ndi</strong>kani kuti anthu amene<br />
akumwa ma-ARV asagone <strong>ndi</strong> munthu popanda kudziteteza.<br />
Ph<strong>in</strong>du la <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a ma-ARV <strong>ndi</strong><br />
Kukhala <strong>ndi</strong> Moyo Wathanzi<br />
Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo<br />
64<br />
65<br />
Ph<strong>in</strong>du la ma-ARV <strong>ndi</strong> Kukhala <strong>ndi</strong> Moyo Wathanzi<br />
Nenani kuti: Izi <strong>ndi</strong> zithunzi ziwiri za mayi wa ku Rwanda z<strong>in</strong>a lake Solange.<br />
Monga momwe mukuoneramu, pa chithunzi choyambacho mayiyu <strong>ndi</strong> woonda,<br />
wofooka komanso wodwala. Pa chithunzi ch<strong>in</strong>acho akuoneka wathanzi. Zithunzi<br />
zonsezi Solange anamujambula ali <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>HIV</strong>. Afunseni ophunzirawa kuti:<br />
» Kodi mukuganiza kuti mayiyu akuoneka mosiyana pa zithunzi ziwirizi chifukwa<br />
chiyani?<br />
(Chithunzi choyambacho anamujambla asanayambe kumwa ma-ARV.)<br />
Fotokozani kuti pa chithunzi choyambacho Solange anali asanayambe kumwa<br />
mankhwala. Fotokozan<strong>in</strong>so kuti ntchito yomwe azaumoyo a m’mudzi amagwira<br />
yotha<strong>ndi</strong>za odwala kuti adzimwa mankhwala, makamaka ma-ARV, <strong>ndi</strong>yofunika<br />
kwambiri. Anthu amene ali <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>HIV</strong>/<strong>EDZI</strong> amene akumwa ma-ARV <strong>ndi</strong>po<br />
akukhala mwansangala atha kukhala <strong>ndi</strong> moyo wathanzi <strong>ndi</strong> wautali. Azaumoyo<br />
a m’mudzi atha kutha<strong>ndi</strong>za kuti izi zichitike.<br />
27 Onetsetsani kuti ophunzirawa azipeza mfundozi mu gawo 5 m’ Bukhu la<br />
Wazaumoyo wa M’mudzi kuyambira tsamba 113. Auzeni kuti atha kugwiritsa<br />
ntchito bukhu lawoli mtsogolomu pofuna kuona z<strong>in</strong>a <strong>ndi</strong> z<strong>in</strong>a zomwe angafune<br />
kuti azidziwe<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera
1<br />
2<br />
3<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Ntchito 2<br />
Mavuto a Kusamwa <strong>Mankhwala</strong> Motsata Ndondomeko<br />
Kutha<strong>ndi</strong>zana Anthu Awiriawiri<br />
Nthawi<br />
40 M<strong>in</strong>utes<br />
Zol<strong>in</strong>ga<br />
e Kudziwa zizi<strong>ndi</strong>kiro zoonetsa kuti odwala sakudumphitsa kumwa ma-ARV<br />
<strong>ndi</strong> kuti akuchita z<strong>in</strong>thu zotha<strong>ndi</strong>za kuti akhale <strong>ndi</strong> moyo wathanzi komanso<br />
zizi<strong>ndi</strong>kiro zoti odwalawo sakutsatira zimenezi.<br />
f Kusonyeza kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka makadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala.<br />
g Kufotokoza zimene timatanthauza tikati munthu akumwa mankhala<br />
mosadukiza <strong>ndi</strong> mavuto amene amakhalapo.<br />
Kukonzekera<br />
• Chitani fotokope mafunso kuti muthe kuwerenga mosachita kuvundukula<br />
masamba a bukhu.<br />
•<br />
•<br />
•<br />
Zipangizo Zofunikira<br />
Makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala<br />
Ziyezekezo (ikatha ntchito iyi)<br />
Bukhu la Wazaumoyo wa M’mudzi<br />
Ndondomeko<br />
Uzani ophunzirawa kuti akhale awiriawiri <strong>ndi</strong> kuonetsetsa kuti m’modzi mwa<br />
anthu awiri alionse amatha kulemba <strong>ndi</strong> kuwerenga.<br />
Auzeni ophunzirawa kuti atsekule Bukhu la Wazaumoyo wa M’mudzi pamene<br />
pali makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala mu gawo 5 (tsamba 123).<br />
Fotokozani kuti ayeserera kugwiritsa ntchito makhadi ola<strong>ndi</strong>rira mankhwala<br />
pomvetsera mafunso <strong>ndi</strong>po iwo achite z<strong>in</strong>thu zogwirizana <strong>ndi</strong> zomwe amvazo.<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 145
146<br />
4<br />
5<br />
6<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Werengani mafunso mokweza <strong>ndi</strong> kuwapatsa ophunzirawo mphi<strong>ndi</strong> ziwiri zoti<br />
akambirane awiriawiri.<br />
Akatha kukambirana funsolo uzani gulu limodzi kuti lifotokozere anzawo<br />
onse zomwe akambirana. Funsani ngati pali ena amene sakugwirizana <strong>ndi</strong><br />
mayankho omwe anzawowo apereka. Fotokozerani ngati pali pena pamene<br />
sipanamveke bw<strong>in</strong>o<br />
Pitirizani mpaka mumalize kukambirana mafunso onse. Onetsetsani kuti gulu<br />
lililonse mwalipatsa mpata wolankhulapo.<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera
koperani kapena dulani<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
T30 (Triomune)<br />
Kuphatikiza mankhwala a Stavud<strong>in</strong>e (d4T), Lamivud<strong>in</strong>e (3TC),<br />
<strong>ndi</strong> Nevirap<strong>in</strong>e (NVP)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(T30-d4T 30mg,<br />
3TC-150 mg,<br />
NVP-200mg)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(d4T-30 mg,<br />
3TC-150mg)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
LS 30<br />
Kuphatikiza mankhwala a d4T <strong>ndi</strong> 3TC<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 147
148<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera<br />
koperani kapena dulanii
koperani kapena dulani<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Kombiviri kapena Duoviri<br />
(Comibivir or Duovir)<br />
Kuphatikiza Zidovud<strong>in</strong>e (AZT) <strong>ndi</strong> 3TC<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(3TC-150 mg,<br />
AZT-300 mg)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Efavirenzi (Efavirenz—EFV)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(600 mg akulu<br />
akulu, 200 mg<br />
kwa ana)<br />
Imwani<br />
musanadye<br />
Imwani kamodzi patsiku:<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 149
150<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera<br />
koperani kapena dulanii
koperani kapena dulani<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Nevirap<strong>in</strong>i (Nevirap<strong>in</strong>e—NVP)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(200 mg)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Lop<strong>in</strong>aviri/Ritonaviri<br />
(Lop<strong>in</strong>avir/Ritonavir—Lop/r)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(Lop<strong>in</strong>avir<br />
200 mg,<br />
Ritonavir 50 mg)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 151
152<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera<br />
koperani kapena dulanii
koperani kapena dulani<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Tenofoviri (Tenofovir—TDF)<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(300 mg Tenofovir<br />
Disoproxil<br />
Fumarate )<br />
(245 mg Tenofovir<br />
Disoproxil)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
“<strong>Mankhwala</strong> Oyambira”<br />
(Starter Pack)<br />
Imwani kwa milungu iwiri<br />
yoyambirira kumwa mankhwala.<br />
Imwani pilisi limodzi la T 30<br />
6 koloko m’mawa –<br />
T 30 = d4T 30mg, 3TC 150 mg, <strong>ndi</strong><br />
NVP 200mg.<br />
Imwani pilisi limodzi la<br />
LS 30 6 koloko madzulo<br />
150 mg Lamivud<strong>in</strong>e, 30 mg Stavud<strong>in</strong>e<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 153
154<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera<br />
koperani kapena dulanii
koperani kapena dulani<br />
1 pilisi<br />
(480 mg akulu<br />
akulu, kwa ana<br />
zimatengera<br />
zaka zawo)<br />
Bakitirimu (Bactrim)<br />
Imwani kawiri patsiku:<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
M’mawa – 6 koloko<br />
Madzulo – 6 koloko<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 155
156<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera<br />
koperani kapena dulanii
1.<br />
2.<br />
3.<br />
4.<br />
5.<br />
6.<br />
7.<br />
8.<br />
9.<br />
Mutu 5, Ntchito2: Ziyerekezo<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Ngati wodwala wanu ali pa mankhwala oyambira, kodi mankhwala a Ls30 azimwa<br />
nthawi yanji?<br />
(Madzulo 6 koloko.)<br />
Ngati wodwala wanu akumwa mankhala a T30, kodi azimwa nthawi yanji?<br />
(Kamodzi m’mawa <strong>ndi</strong> madzulo.)<br />
Wodwala wanu w<strong>in</strong>a akumwa Kombiviri <strong>ndi</strong>po akufuna kudziwa kuti azimwa<br />
mapilisi angati patsiku, mumuuza kuti chiyani?<br />
(Awiri.)<br />
Muli <strong>ndi</strong> munthu wodwala amene akumwa Nevirap<strong>in</strong>i. Kodi munthuyu azimwa<br />
mankhwalawa kangati patsiku <strong>ndi</strong>ponso azimwa mapilisi angatiangati?<br />
(Pilisi limodzi kawiri pa tsiku.)<br />
Wodwala wanu w<strong>in</strong>a akumwa Efavirenzi. Kodi azimwa mankhwalawa kangati pa<br />
tsiku?<br />
(Kamodzi.)<br />
Muli <strong>ndi</strong> munthu odwala amene akumwa Efavirenzi. Pamene <strong>in</strong>u mukufika<br />
kunyumba kwake m’mawa kukamuona akumwa mankhwalawa mwampeza akudya<br />
buledi. Kodi m’mene zakhalira zithumu pali vuto?<br />
(Inde. <strong>Mankhwala</strong>wa afunika kumwedwa munthu asanadye kanthu kalikonse.)<br />
Wodwala wanu w<strong>in</strong>a wamwa mankhwala oyambira kwa masiku khumi. Kodi<br />
kwatsala masiku angati kuti amwebe mankwalawa?<br />
(Masiku 4)<br />
Muli <strong>ndi</strong> munthu wodwala amene amasuta fodya nthawi zonse. Kodi mufunika<br />
kuchitapo kanthu? Ngati mungatero, mungachite chiyani?<br />
(Kusuta fodya kumachititsa kuti mankhwala asamagwire bw<strong>in</strong>o ntchito yake<br />
mokwanira. Wazaumoyo wa m’mudzi afunika ayankhule <strong>ndi</strong> wodwalayo<br />
<strong>ndi</strong>kupemphanso namw<strong>in</strong>o kuti ayankhule naye.)<br />
Muli <strong>ndi</strong> wodwala amene nthawi z<strong>in</strong>a amamveka fungo la mowa mukamafika pa<br />
khomo pake. Kodi limeneli <strong>ndi</strong> vuto? Chifukwa chiyani? Mungachite chiyani pa vuto<br />
limeneli?<br />
(Inde, limeneli <strong>ndi</strong> vuto. Mowa umachititsa kuti mankhwala asamagwire bw<strong>in</strong>o<br />
ntchito yake. Muyankhule naye wodwalayo komanso pemphani namw<strong>in</strong>o kuti<br />
ayankhule naye.)<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 157
158<br />
Mutu 5: <strong>Mankhwala</strong> a <strong>HIV</strong> <strong>ndi</strong> <strong>EDZI</strong><br />
Zomwe Wazaumoyo wa M’mudzi<br />
Ayenera Kukumbukira<br />
Kukawatengera odwala mankhwala ku chipatala mwenzi ulionse.<br />
Kupita <strong>ndi</strong> wodwala kuchipatala mwezi uliwonse kukatenga mankhwala.<br />
Kuonetsetsa kuti odwala akusunga mankhwalawo pamalo otetezeka, ouma,<br />
osawalira dzuwa komanso oti ana sangafikire<br />
Kuonetsetsa kuti odwala akula<strong>ndi</strong>ra ma-ARV a mtundu woyenera.<br />
Kuonetsetsa kuti odwala akumwa ma-ARV awo moyenera.<br />
Kupenyetsetsa odwala kuti aone zizi<strong>ndi</strong>kiro zoti sakutsatira makhalidwe<br />
abw<strong>in</strong>o owatha<strong>ndi</strong>za kuti akhale <strong>ndi</strong> moyo wathanzi <strong>ndi</strong> kuwapatsa uphungu<br />
kapena kuwatumiza kuchipatala ngati nkofunika kutero.<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera
Zolembalemba<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera 159
160<br />
Zolembalemba<br />
Bukhu Lophunzitsira Alangizi Azaumoyo a M’mudzi a Bungwe la Abwenzi Pa Za Umoyo: Chisi<strong>ndi</strong>kizo Choyeserera
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