CamSep 3 S

EXTRACTION STUDY OF SPIRULINA AND HERB DYES
FROM SELECTED PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS
AND FOOD PRODUCTS
Magdalena B. ZARZYCKA a , Paweł K. ZARZYCKI a , Vicki L. CLIFTON b ,
Jerzy ADAMSKI c , Bronisław K. GŁÓD d
/Stosowana w pracy technika rozdzielania: micro-TLC/
a Section of Toxicology and Bioanalytics, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Koszalin
University of Technology, Śniadeckich 2,75-453 Koszalin, Poland.
b The Robinson Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Lyell MCEwin Hospital, University
of Adelaide, Haydown Rd, Elizabethvale 5112 SA, Australia.
c Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Ingolstaedter
Landstr.1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
d Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Podlasie,
3 Maja 54, 08–110 Siedlce, Poland.
This work is continuation of our research focusing on development of micro-TLC platform
for the fast analysis of low-molecular mass compounds from spirulina samples [1-5]. Based on our
previous research examining the fractionation of spirulina dyes using number of water and organic
liquids, in this study the target compounds were extracted using three relatively low-parachor
liquids: methanol, acetone and tetrahydrofuran. We analyzed a number of the spirulina samples,
which were originated from pharmaceutical formulations and food products as well as rich in
chlorophyll dyes herb samples used as the reference materials. Quantitative data derived from
micro-plates under visible light conditions and after iodine staining were explored using simple
chemometrics tools including cluster analysis and principal components analysis (PCA). Using this
method we could easily distinguish genuine spirulina and non-spirulina samples (Figure 1) as well
as fresh from expired commercial products. It has been found that comparison of the PCA patterns
derived from different extraction liquids can be usefull for preliminary chemotaxonomic
classification of the samples investigated. Described approach allows non-expensive fractionation
of target substances including cyanobacteria pigments in raw biological or environmental samples.
Due to the low consumption of the mobile phase, micro-TLC method can be considered as
environmentally friendly and green chemistry analytical tool.
Figure 1. Principal component plots showing relationships between samples investigated with respect to 1, 2
and 3 factor scores, using methanol, acetone and tetrahydrofurane extraction liquids. Objects marked as
black balls correspond to genuine spirulina products.
References
[1] P. K. Zarzycki, M. B. Zarzycka, J. AOAC Int. 91 (2008) 1196. [2] P. K. Zarzycki, M. B. Zarzycka, B. K. Głód,
PAK, 55 (2009) 276. [3] P. K. Zarzycki, M. B. Zarzycka, M. M. Ślączka, V. L. Clifton, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 397
(2010) 905. [4] P. K. Zarzycki, M. M. Ślączka, M. B. Zarzycka, E. Włodarczyk, M. J. Baran, Anal. Chim. Acta, 688
(2011) 168. [5] P.K. Zarzycki, M.B. Zarzycka, V.L. Clifton, J. Adamski, B.K. Głód, J. Chromatogr A. In press.
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