Sangguniang Manwal ng Guro para sa Lumang Tipan
Sangguniang Manwal ng Guro para sa Lumang Tipan
Sangguniang Manwal ng Guro para sa Lumang Tipan
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• Maihalintulad (o maipamuhay) a<strong>ng</strong> mga banal na kasulatan<br />
<strong>sa</strong> kanila<strong>ng</strong> <strong>sa</strong>rili <strong>para</strong> <strong>sa</strong> kanila<strong>ng</strong> kapakinaba<strong>ng</strong>an at<br />
kaalaman (ti<strong>ng</strong>nan <strong>sa</strong> t. 23).<br />
Sinabi ni Elder Boyd K. Packer:<br />
“Sa kurso <strong>ng</strong> Luma<strong>ng</strong> <strong>Tipan</strong>, pag-aaralan ninyo a<strong>ng</strong> paglikha<br />
at pagkahulog <strong>ng</strong> tao, na siya<strong>ng</strong> pundasyon <strong>para</strong> <strong>sa</strong> endowment<br />
<strong>sa</strong> templo. Pag-aaralan ninyo ku<strong>ng</strong> ano a<strong>ng</strong> propeta.<br />
Magigi<strong>ng</strong> pamilyar kayo <strong>sa</strong> mga <strong>sa</strong>lita<strong>ng</strong> tulad <strong>ng</strong> pagsunod,<br />
<strong>sa</strong>kripisyo, tipan, Aaronic, Melchizedek, at priesthood.<br />
“Ituturo <strong>sa</strong> inyo a<strong>ng</strong> buo<strong>ng</strong> <strong>sa</strong>ligan <strong>ng</strong> batas <strong>ng</strong> Judio-Kristiyano,<br />
at pati na <strong>ng</strong> Islam.<br />
“Ipaliliwanag ‘ku<strong>ng</strong> bakit’ kaila<strong>ng</strong>an a<strong>ng</strong> ikapu at mga handog.<br />
Mababa<strong>sa</strong> ninyo a<strong>ng</strong> mga propesiya tu<strong>ng</strong>kol <strong>sa</strong> pagdati<strong>ng</strong><br />
<strong>ng</strong> Mesiyas at <strong>ng</strong> panunumbalik <strong>ng</strong> eba<strong>ng</strong>helyo. Makikita<br />
ninyo a<strong>ng</strong> pagpapamalas <strong>ng</strong> kapa<strong>ng</strong>yariha<strong>ng</strong> magbuklod ni<br />
Elijah at maririnig a<strong>ng</strong> pagpopropesiya ni Malakias na isusugo<br />
si Elijah na taglay a<strong>ng</strong> mga susi <strong>ng</strong> kapa<strong>ng</strong>yariha<strong>ng</strong> magbuklod.<br />
“Sa seminary matututo kayo<strong>ng</strong> unawain at pahalagahan a<strong>ng</strong><br />
Luma<strong>ng</strong> <strong>Tipan</strong>. Ngayo<strong>ng</strong> halos tinalikuran na <strong>ng</strong> mundo <strong>ng</strong><br />
mga Kristiyano, nananatili ito<strong>ng</strong> i<strong>sa</strong><strong>ng</strong> tipan ni Jesucristo <strong>sa</strong><br />
atin” (<strong>sa</strong> Conference Report, Mar.–Abr. 1990, 49; o Ensign,<br />
Mayo 1990, 37–38).<br />
A<strong>ng</strong> sumusunod na mga ideya ay ilan <strong>sa</strong> mga dahilan kaya<br />
a<strong>ng</strong> masusi<strong>ng</strong> pag-aaral <strong>ng</strong> Luma<strong>ng</strong> <strong>Tipan</strong> ay hindi lama<strong>ng</strong><br />
makabuluhan kundi lubha<strong>ng</strong> mahalaga:<br />
• Jehova, a<strong>ng</strong> Diyos <strong>ng</strong> Luma<strong>ng</strong> <strong>Tipan</strong>, a<strong>ng</strong> pa<strong>ng</strong>alan ni<br />
Jesucristo, na siya<strong>ng</strong> ipina<strong>ng</strong>ako<strong>ng</strong> Mesiyas, bago siya<br />
isinila<strong>ng</strong>.<br />
• Si Jehova (Jesucristo) a<strong>ng</strong> lumikha <strong>ng</strong> la<strong>ng</strong>it at lupa.<br />
• A<strong>ng</strong> Pagkahulog nina Adan at Eva ay i<strong>sa</strong><strong>ng</strong> tunay at kinakaila<strong>ng</strong>a<strong>ng</strong><br />
hakba<strong>ng</strong> <strong>sa</strong> pag-unlad <strong>ng</strong> buo<strong>ng</strong> <strong>sa</strong><strong>ng</strong>katauhan.<br />
• Magagawa at totoo<strong>ng</strong> direkta<strong>ng</strong> namamagitan a<strong>ng</strong> Diyos<br />
<strong>sa</strong> buhay <strong>ng</strong> mga tao at ban<strong>sa</strong>.<br />
• Tumata<strong>ng</strong>gap tayo <strong>ng</strong> mga pagpapala mula <strong>sa</strong> Diyos <strong>sa</strong><br />
pamamagitan <strong>ng</strong> paggawa at pagtupad <strong>ng</strong> mga <strong>sa</strong>grado<strong>ng</strong><br />
tipan.<br />
• A<strong>ng</strong> anuma<strong>ng</strong> anyo <strong>ng</strong> pag<strong>sa</strong>mba <strong>sa</strong> diyus-diyu<strong>sa</strong>n ay nakapipin<strong>sa</strong>la<br />
<strong>sa</strong> espiritu.<br />
• Na<strong>ng</strong>ako a<strong>ng</strong> Pa<strong>ng</strong>inoon na literal na titipunin a<strong>ng</strong> Israel<br />
<strong>sa</strong> mga huli<strong>ng</strong> araw.<br />
• May mga propesiya tu<strong>ng</strong>kol <strong>sa</strong> una at ikalawa<strong>ng</strong> pagparito<br />
<strong>ng</strong> Pa<strong>ng</strong>inoon.<br />
• Itinuturo a<strong>ng</strong> plano <strong>ng</strong> kaligayahan <strong>ng</strong> Ama <strong>sa</strong> kanya<strong>ng</strong><br />
mga anak <strong>sa</strong> pamamagitan <strong>ng</strong> kanya<strong>ng</strong> mga propeta.<br />
A<strong>ng</strong> mga pagkakaiba <strong>ng</strong> panahon at kultura ay nagdudulot<br />
<strong>ng</strong> mga espesyal na hamon <strong>sa</strong> pag-aaral <strong>ng</strong> Biblia, lalo na <strong>ng</strong><br />
Luma<strong>ng</strong> <strong>Tipan</strong>. Bukod dito, hindi kumpleto a<strong>ng</strong> talaa<strong>ng</strong><br />
na<strong>sa</strong> atin <strong>ng</strong>ayon. Marami<strong>ng</strong> bahagi at tipan “na malinaw at<br />
pinakamahalaga” a<strong>ng</strong> inalis (1 Nephi 13:26). Marami <strong>sa</strong> mga<br />
nawala noon a<strong>ng</strong> naipanumbalik <strong>ng</strong> Aklat ni Mormon, <strong>ng</strong><br />
9<br />
I<strong>sa</strong><strong>ng</strong> Pambu<strong>ng</strong>ad <strong>sa</strong> Luma<strong>ng</strong> <strong>Tipan</strong><br />
Pag<strong>sa</strong><strong>sa</strong>lin ni Joseph Smith <strong>ng</strong> Biblia, at <strong>ng</strong> iba pa<strong>ng</strong> makabago<strong>ng</strong><br />
paghahayag (ti<strong>ng</strong>nan <strong>sa</strong> 1 Nephi 13:33–41). May iba<br />
pa<strong>ng</strong> mga bahagi <strong>ng</strong> Biblia na tila nakakubli o nakatago <strong>sa</strong><br />
simboliko<strong>ng</strong> wika. A<strong>ng</strong> gayo<strong>ng</strong> pagkukubli <strong>ng</strong> propesiya ay<br />
totoo<strong>ng</strong> nakatulo<strong>ng</strong> dahil iniwa<strong>ng</strong> buo <strong>ng</strong> mga yao<strong>ng</strong> pursigido<strong>ng</strong><br />
ta<strong>ng</strong>galin a<strong>ng</strong> “malinaw at mahalaga” a<strong>ng</strong> mga talata<strong>ng</strong><br />
mas mahirap maunawaan. Dahil dito, marami<strong>ng</strong> dakila<strong>ng</strong><br />
katotohana<strong>ng</strong> naipreserba upa<strong>ng</strong> maba<strong>sa</strong> at maunawaan<br />
<strong>sa</strong> pamamagitan <strong>ng</strong> kapa<strong>ng</strong>yarihan <strong>ng</strong> Espiritu Santo at<br />
<strong>ng</strong> “diwa <strong>ng</strong> propesiya” (2 Nephi 25:4) na ibinigay <strong>ng</strong> Diyos<br />
<strong>sa</strong> mga Banal <strong>sa</strong> mga huli<strong>ng</strong> araw.<br />
Paano Isinaayos a<strong>ng</strong> Luma<strong>ng</strong> <strong>Tipan</strong>?<br />
A<strong>ng</strong> Biblia ay hindi lama<strong>ng</strong> i<strong>sa</strong><strong>ng</strong> aklat kundi i<strong>sa</strong><strong>ng</strong> koleksyon<br />
<strong>ng</strong> mga aklat; iyan a<strong>ng</strong> kahulugan <strong>ng</strong> <strong>sa</strong>lita<strong>ng</strong> biblia. A<strong>ng</strong> Luma<strong>ng</strong><br />
<strong>Tipan</strong> ay naglalaman <strong>ng</strong> tatlumpu’t siyam na aklat na<br />
maaari<strong>ng</strong> igrupo <strong>sa</strong> apat na pa<strong>ng</strong>unahi<strong>ng</strong> kategoriya batay <strong>sa</strong><br />
kata<strong>ng</strong>ian <strong>ng</strong> nilalaman <strong>ng</strong> mga ito. Hindi inilagay a<strong>ng</strong> lahat<br />
<strong>ng</strong> aklat <strong>sa</strong> Biblia ayon <strong>sa</strong> pagkakasunud-sunod <strong>ng</strong> pagkasulat<br />
<strong>sa</strong> mga ito.<br />
1. A<strong>ng</strong> Batas—A<strong>ng</strong> grupo<strong>ng</strong> ito ay binubuo <strong>ng</strong> una<strong>ng</strong> lima<strong>ng</strong><br />
aklat, mula Genesis ha<strong>ng</strong>ga<strong>ng</strong> Deuteronomio, na isinulat ni<br />
Moises. Naka<strong>sa</strong>ad dito a<strong>ng</strong> ka<strong>sa</strong>y<strong>sa</strong>yan <strong>ng</strong> mga pakikitu<strong>ng</strong>o<br />
<strong>ng</strong> Diyos <strong>sa</strong> tao mula <strong>sa</strong> paglikha <strong>ng</strong> mundo ha<strong>ng</strong>ga<strong>ng</strong><br />
<strong>sa</strong> kunin <strong>ng</strong> Pa<strong>ng</strong>inoon si Moises. Kadala<strong>sa</strong>n ay tinatawag<br />
na Batas a<strong>ng</strong> mga ito dahil nakatala rito a<strong>ng</strong> mga paghahayag<br />
<strong>ng</strong> Diyos kay Moises na kinapapalooban <strong>ng</strong> batas ni<br />
Moises. A<strong>ng</strong> lima<strong>ng</strong> aklat na ito ay tinatawag di<strong>ng</strong> Torah at<br />
Pentateuch, i<strong>sa</strong><strong>ng</strong> <strong>sa</strong>lita<strong>ng</strong> Griyego na na<strong>ng</strong>a<strong>ng</strong>ahuluga<strong>ng</strong><br />
“a<strong>ng</strong> aklat na may lima<strong>ng</strong> bahagi” (ti<strong>ng</strong>nan <strong>sa</strong> Gabay <strong>sa</strong> mga<br />
Banal na Kasulatan, “Pentateuch,” p. 213).<br />
2. A<strong>ng</strong> Ka<strong>sa</strong>y<strong>sa</strong>yan—A<strong>ng</strong> grupo<strong>ng</strong> ito ay binubuo <strong>ng</strong> mga aklat<br />
mula Josue ha<strong>ng</strong>ga<strong>ng</strong> Esther. Tulad <strong>ng</strong> pahiwatig <strong>ng</strong> pa<strong>ng</strong>alan,<br />
pawa<strong>ng</strong> mga kuwento <strong>ng</strong> ka<strong>sa</strong>y<strong>sa</strong>yan a<strong>ng</strong> mga ito.<br />
3. A<strong>ng</strong> Tula, o mga Nakasulat—A<strong>ng</strong> sumunod na lima<strong>ng</strong> aklat,<br />
mula Job ha<strong>ng</strong>ga<strong>ng</strong> <strong>sa</strong> Awit <strong>ng</strong> mga Awit [ni Salomon],<br />
ay isinulat <strong>sa</strong> makata<strong>ng</strong> estilo <strong>ng</strong> Hebreo.<br />
4. A<strong>ng</strong> mga Propeta—A<strong>ng</strong> natitira<strong>ng</strong> mga aklat <strong>ng</strong> Luma<strong>ng</strong><br />
<strong>Tipan</strong> ay naglalaman <strong>ng</strong> mga turo <strong>ng</strong> propeta ku<strong>ng</strong> kanino<br />
ipina<strong>ng</strong>alan a<strong>ng</strong> aklat.<br />
Para <strong>sa</strong> mas detalyado<strong>ng</strong> impormasyon tu<strong>ng</strong>kol <strong>sa</strong> pinagmulan<br />
at ka<strong>sa</strong>y<strong>sa</strong>yan <strong>ng</strong> Biblia, ti<strong>ng</strong>nan <strong>sa</strong> Gabay <strong>sa</strong> mga Banal na<br />
Kasulatan, “Biblia” (mga pahina 28–29).<br />
Ila<strong>ng</strong> Mahahalaga<strong>ng</strong> Alituntunin <strong>ng</strong><br />
Eba<strong>ng</strong>helyo na Hahanapin<br />
• Kahit marami<strong>ng</strong> “malinaw at mahahalaga<strong>ng</strong> bagay” a<strong>ng</strong><br />
inalis dito, a<strong>ng</strong> Luma<strong>ng</strong> <strong>Tipan</strong> ay ipinreserba <strong>ng</strong> kamay <strong>ng</strong><br />
Diyos at naglalaman <strong>ng</strong> mahahalaga<strong>ng</strong> turo <strong>para</strong> <strong>sa</strong> ati<strong>ng</strong><br />
panahon at <strong>sa</strong>rili<strong>ng</strong> kapakinaba<strong>ng</strong>an (ti<strong>ng</strong>nan <strong>sa</strong> 1 Nephi<br />
13:20–29; Mga Saligan <strong>ng</strong> Pananampalataya 1:8).
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