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PONAŠANJE BRODA NA TALASIMA____________________________5.4.3. STABILIZATORI LJULJANJA 5.4.3.1. Pasivni stabilizatoriProjektant može poboljšati ponašanjebroda na talasima promenom veličinebroda, promenom forme broda, promenomrasporeda masa itd...Postoji, međutim, i drugi put.Ljuljanje se može smanjiti primenomspecijalnih uređaja – tzv. stabilizatoraljuljanja.Ovi uređaji đ se prvenstveno primenjuju j kodvaljanja, a sasvim izuzetno, i to samo kodspecijalnih brzih brodova, i na smanjenjeposrtanja i poniranja.Postoji niz različitih stabilizatora, koji sebaziraju na bitno različitim principima...i i(Sam termin “stabilizator” nije adekvatan,jer nijedan od uređaja ne povećavastabilitet...)Pasivni stabilizatori valjanja rade na dvaprincipa:mogu povećavati prigušenje (otpor) broda privaljanjuto su prigušivači valjanja,a mogu vršiti tzv. dinamičku apsorpcijuoscilovanja,odnosno biti tzv. dinamički apsorberi valjanja.a. Prigušivači valjanjaLjuljne kobiliceLjuljne kobilice (bilge keels) su tipičanpasivni stabilizator valjanja koji radi naprincipu povećanja prigušenja...Ustvari, to je najprostiji, najmanje efikasan,ali i najčešće primenjivan stabilizatorvaljanja...PREDAVANJA 2009. 219
PONAŠANJE BRODA NA TALASIMA____________________________Teško da ga možemo nazvati uređajem...reč je o pločama koje se postavljaju(zavaruju) upravno na uzvoj broda, i takoremete poprečno opstrujavanje vode privaljanju...1M = 2r ⋅ F = 2r ⋅ c v A2 ρ2⎛ B⎞2v ≈ r kϕ≈ ϕ GK + ⎜2 ⎟⎝ ⎠2k k k k k kM≈ ρc r A ϕ ϕ3k k k kJednačina valjanja broda sa ljuljnimkobilicamaMoment oko ose x koji stvaraju silekoje deluju na kobilice su2 2( ) cos ϕ+ 2μ ϕ+ β + β ϕ ϕ + ω ϕ = αω ωtϕ ϕ k ϕ o ϕ TPREDAVANJA 2009. 220
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