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PONAŠANJE BRODA NA TALASIMA____________________________Moguće je, za slučaj Rejlijeve raspodele,naći vezu izmeđuDobija se...A ≈ 1, 25 σoA ≈ 2 0 σ1/ 3,oA n / N,σ oh ≈ 2, 5 σoh 4 0 σ1/ 3≈,oAko jeV( A> A ) = 1ojedan talas će sigurno imati amplitudu veću ilijednaku A o ...Rešimo2Ao−2σoNe 1= po A oA 2 55 σ1/ 10≈,oh 5 1 σ1/ 10≈.oA = A = 2σln No max oMoguće je odrediti i maksimalnuamplitudu N uzastopnih talasa...Verovatnoća da će amplituda jednog od Ntalasa biti veća od A o jeN∑n = 12 2oAo−σoA−2 2σoV( A> A ) = e = Neoje najverovatnija maksimalna amplitudu Nuzastopnih talasa.Ako jedobija seV( A> A ) = po( p i)NA = A = 2σlno max opTo je maksimalna amplituda čija jeverovatnoće p i ...iiPREDAVANJA 2009. 61
PONAŠANJE BRODA NA TALASIMA____________________________Spektar talasaPodsetimo se: neregularni talasi se sastojeiz beskonačnog niza regularnihkomponenti, od kojih svaka ima svojufrekvenciju ω n , i amplitudu A n ...Definisaćemo sada, za svaku odkomponenti neregularnog talasa, veličinuSn( ω ) =nA ( ω )2nn2 ⋅ Δωgde je Δω razmak (korak) između susednihfrekvencijaUkoliko svako ovako definisano S nnanesemo nad odgovarajuće ω n ,dobija se stepenasta linija...Površina ispod svakog od stepenika jeS1 2( ω ) ⋅ Δω = A ( ω )2n n n nUkupna površina ispod stepenaste linije je∞∞∑Sn n ∑ n nn= 1 n=11 2( ω ) ⋅ Δω = A ( ω )2ePovršina = = σoρ gUkolikoΔω → dωSn( ω ) → S( ω)To je spektar energije talasa, ili spektar talasanPREDAVANJA 2009. 62
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