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PONAŠANJE BRODA NA TALASIMA____________________________Presek peraja je simetričnan hidroprofilna koji, pri napredovanju broda, vodanastrujava brzinom v oKoeficijent uzgona profila c L zavisi od vitkostikrila A R , i od tipa profila...Za peraje zadate geometrije, koeficijentuzgona profila je, međutim, isključivo funkcijanapadnog ugla ε ...Ukoliko je napadni ugao ε = 0 , na profildeluje samo sila otpora F DUkoliko je napadni ugao različit od nule,javlja se i sila uzona12Za (relativno) male napadne uglove zavisnostFL=c L Ap vo2 ρ je približno linearnaZa razliku od ljuljnih kobilica, uticajperaja na valjanje bitno zavisi od brzineplovidbe...i v o = 0 je praktično zanemarljiv...pri čemu se, s promenom smera napadnog uglamenja znak koeficijenta c L , odnosno smer sileuzgona...cL≈ a εLPREDAVANJA 2009. 233
PONAŠANJE BRODA NA TALASIMA____________________________Peraja na suprotnim bokovima supodešena tako da zaklapaju napadneuglove suprotnog smera...Sada dolazimo do ključnog problema ovog, isvakog drugog aktivnog stabilizatora...Po kom zakonu treba pokretati stabilizator da biuticaj na smanjenje valjanje broda bio najveći?Kako izabrati zakon zakretanja peraja ε(t) ?Sile koje deluju na dva perajastvaraju ukupan moment za osu xM = 2F r = ρc A r v ≈2p L p L p p o2≈ ρ A rv ⋅ aε = aa ⋅ε()tp p o L L MMoment kojim peraje deluju na brodje, prema tome, srazmeran napadnomuglu peraja, odnosno zakonuzakretanja peraja ε(t) ...Diferencijalna jednačina valjanja broda saperajama, na regularnim talasima, glasi( x ϕ )J + m ϕ + n ϕ + gDMG⋅ ϕ =ϕ= gDMGαcosωt −Mo T pNameće se, makar na prvi pogled, rešenje kodkoga aktivni moment poništava pobudni momenttalasaM = gDMG α cosωtp o Todnosno zakon zakretanja peraja glasigDMGαoε() t = ⋅cosωTta2PREDAVANJA 2009. 234
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