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PONAŠANJE BRODA NA TALASIMA____________________________b. Dinamički apsorberi valjanjaApsorberi valjanja su mehanički oscilatorikoji se postavljaju na brod s ciljemsmanjenja valjanja...Kao absorber, b može se (u principu) i )koristitii imasa vezana oprugama, klatno, ili nekislični uređaj...Pasivni ljuljni tankoviPasivni ljuljni tankovi se dele na “obične”tankove (a), U-tankove (b) i “spoljne” U-tankove (c), itd.Tankovi se, u slučaju nevremena, delimičnopune spoljnom vodom koja, usled valjanjubroda, osciluje...Podešavaljem sopstvene frekvencije i drugihparametara oscilovanja vode u tanku, ovakviuređaji postaju efikasni apsorberi valjanja...Postoji, međutim, i bolje tehničko rešenje...Kao apsorber valjanja se, najčešće, koristivoda u specijalnim – tzv. pasivnim luljnimtankovima broda...klatno – dizalica...Analiziraćemo jednu od mogućihkonstrukcija: pasivni U-tank...Tipično, koristi se tankovi u dvoboku okosredine broda, koji se spajaju cevima...PREDAVANJA 2009. 225
PONAŠANJE BRODA NA TALASIMA____________________________Treba, prvo, rešiti oscilovanje vode unepokretnom U-tankuμ sω =lsekv2glekvl∫0=∫koeficijent prigušenjaAoAsopstvena frekvencija stubatečnostidlekvivalentna dužinastuba tečnostiU slučajuPri izvođenju diferencijalne jednačineoscilovanja, polazi se od odgovarajućeLagranževe jednačine druge vrste...d ∂Ek∂Edt ∂s∂sk− =QDobija se, nakon izvođenja... s+ 2μs+ ω s = 0s2ssAol ≈ 2h + ( B−b ) −dAekv s s sdPunjenjem / pražnjenjem tanka, menja se l ekv ,odnosno podešava sopstvena frekvencija ω s ...PREDAVANJA 2009. 226
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