Archeologické rozhledy 2009 - Archeologický ústav AV ČR

Archeologické rozhledy LXI–2009 117The most frequent method by which prehistoric textiles have been preserved in the Bohemianenvironment are demonstrated by the remains of textile structures which have been found in corrodedproducts of metal items made from iron, bronze, copper, lead or silver. Products of organic origin thatwere close to a metal item at the time of corrosion development, can be preserved in three variousforms – as the remains of the actual organic material, as a mineralised form of original organic material(a pseudomorph), or as the imprint of the outer surface of the organic item in corrosion layers(Peška – Králík – Selucká 2006, 5, 38).The results of the textile technological research are summarised in the table:Type of textile Weave Thread count Twisting of yarn Yarn thickness Textile raw materialTwisted yarn No – 2Z/S Twisted yarn: 1 mm Cellulose/proteininterlacing Individual strands: (flax/silk)0.5 mmFabric with plain One set: One set: Z One set: Celluloseplain weave 20 yarns/10 mm Second set: Z 0.3 – 0.4 mm (probably flax)Second set:Second set:18 yarns/10 mm 0.5 mmFabric with Twill 2/1 Warp: ? Warp: Z Warp: 0.6 mm Undetermined, due totwill weave (doubled Weft: ? Weft: S Weft: 0.6 mm marked degradationwarp end)of fibres, it was notpossible to take therequired sample.Band Made on Indefinable Indefinable Indefinable Undetermined, due toatabletmarked degradationloomof fibres, it was notpossible to take therequired sample.In the case of the bucket from Řepov, organic remains only survived on one half of the outer surfaceof the vessel, the other part of the surface is smooth and free of all remains. It cannot be refuted(or proven) that the organic remains were originally preserved on the entire surface of the bucketand that their removal occurred during an undocumented attempt to clean the surface of the vesselafter finding it. No remains of textiles or other organic materials have been preserved on any otheritem from the Řepov assemblage set.An Olympus SZX 9 stereomicroscope and an Olympus BX60 transmitted and reflected lightmicroscope with a trinocular head were used for a detailed analysis. The textile raw materials wereanalysed through microscopic observance of the fabric structure and through infrared spectroscopy.The find of the organic remains is important in particular because it shows the variations of processingof textile fibres. The textile remains preserved on the bronze bucket from Řepov demonstratemost of the known weaving techniques that were used by Germanic tribes in northern Europe. Herewe encounter fine plain weave, twill and a band made on a tablet loom. The occurrence of productsmade using the last technique had not, to date, been previously recorded in the prehistoric periodon the territory of the Czech Republic.English by Robin CasslingHELENA BŘEZINOVÁ, Archeologický ústav AV ČR, Praha, v.v.i., Letenská 4, CZ-11801 Praha 1brezinova@arup.cas.czKRISTÝNA POPPOVÁ URBANOVÁ, Oddělení prehistorie a protohistorie, Národní muzeum, Václavské nám. 68,CZ-11579 Praha 1; kristyna_urbanova@nm.cz