evsjv‡`k Dbœq b mgx¶v - BIDS
evsjv‡`k Dbœq b mgx¶v - BIDS evsjv‡`k Dbœq b mgx¶v - BIDS
72evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxvmnvqZv †`‡e| GKwU M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, MÖvgM‡Äi bvix‡K †gvevBj †dvb bvbvwea Z_¨ w`‡qmnvqZv Ki‡Q| cÖ_gZ, †gvevBj †dv‡bi mnvqZvi Kvi‡Y Zviv GLb we‡`‡k Kg©iZAvZ¥xq¯^R‡bi cvVv‡bv remittance wb‡q cÖZvwiZ n‡”Q bv| wØZxqZ, Zviv †gvevBj †dv‡bigva¨‡g Rv‡b †Kv_vq ¯^v¯’¨ †mev cvIqv hvq, †Kv_vq bvwjk Rvbv‡Z n‡e BZ¨vw`| mePvB‡Z eo†h Z_¨wU Zviv cv‡”Q Zv n‡jv, K…wl m¤^Üxq Z_¨| Pvlx cwiev‡ii bvix m`m¨iv e‡j‡Q †gvevBj†dv‡bi gva¨‡g Zviv †R‡b hvq †Kv_vq fv‡jv mvi, fv‡jv exR, fv‡jv KxUbvkK Jla cvIqvhvq| nuvm-gyiwM cvjb m¤^‡ÜI cÖPzi Z_¨ Zviv †gvevBj †dv‡bi gva¨‡g cvq| G‡‡Î †Kejbvixi Rb¨ wKQy ev‡RUxq c`‡c MÖnY K‡i †gvevBj †dvb cÖhyw³‡Z bvixi cÖ‡ek AviI mnRKiv Ri“wi| wKš‘ GB j‡¨ GL‡bvI †Kv‡bv ev‡RUxq c`‡c MÖnY Kiv nqwb|`Zv cÖwkY gZvq‡bi GKwU kw³kvjx Drcv`K| A_P GB kw³kvjx Drcv`KwUAR©‡bi Rb¨ RvZxq ev‡RU bvix‡K †Kv‡bv mnvqZvB cÖ`vb K‡iwb| ZvB MZ K‡qK eQi a‡ibvix‡K ` Rbkw³ wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjvi Rb¨ wkv I cÖwk‡Yi Rb¨ eivÏ e„w× Kivi `vexK‡i AvmwQj bvix‡Mvôx| wKš‘ GB `vex c~i‡Yi j‡¨ RvZxq ev‡R‡U †Kej bvixi Rb¨ c„_KeivÏ ivLv Ri“wi wQj| wKš‘ MZ wZbwU A_©eQ‡ii ev‡R‡U Ggb ai‡bi †Kv‡bv eivÏ ivLvnqwb| hvi d‡j ‡`Lv †M‡Q, miKvwi †h Vocational Institute ¸‡jv Av‡Q Zv‡Z fwZ©K…ZQv·`i g‡a¨ gvÎ 13 kZvsk n‡”Q gwnjv| †g‡q‡`i Rb¨ Avjv`v Vocational TrainingInstitute bv _vKvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i fwZ© GZ Kg n‡q‡Q| mvgvwRK iYkxjZv we‡kl K‡i c`©vcÖ_vi Kvi‡Y adolesent eq‡mi †g‡qiv †Q‡j‡`i m‡½ GKB ¯‹z‡j †h‡Z cv‡i bv| Dircetorateof Technical Education gva¨wgK Ges D”P gva¨wgK ¯—‡ii ¯‹zj¸‡jv‡Z †fv‡Kkbvj IKw¤úDUvi †Kvm© Pvjy K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ †`Lv †M‡Q GB †Kvm© XvKv kn‡ii K‡qKwU gwnjv we`¨vjqGes K‡jR Qvov Avi ‡Kv_vI †Kv‡bv gwnjv we`¨vjq ev K‡j‡R Pvjy Kiv nqwb|ZvB †`Lv †M‡Q, wkv bvix‡K kªgevRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki Rb¨ h‡_ófv‡e gZvwqZ Ki‡Zcv‡iwb| †`Lv †M‡Q, bvixi wkv hZ e„w× †c‡q‡Q †eKvi‡Z¡i nviI ZZ e„w× ‡c‡q‡Q| cyi“l‡`i†eKviZ¡I e„w× †c‡q‡Q wkv ¯—i e„w×i m‡½ m‡½| Z‡e bvixi PvB‡Z A‡bK Kg nv‡i| wkvbvixi gRywii nviI e„w× Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| GKwU M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, MZ 7 eQ‡i Mv‡g©›U wk‡íwb‡qvwRZ bvix kªwgK‡`i gRywi e„w× †c‡q‡Q gvÎ 5 kZvsk nv‡i| A_P †mB mg‡q bvix Mv‡g©›Ukªwg‡Ki wkv¯—i e„w× †c‡q‡Q Z…Zxq †kªwY †_‡K lô †kªwY ch©š— (Paul-Majumder and Begum2006)| GB AwZwi³ wZbwU wkv eQ‡ii Rb¨ Zv‡`i †eZb e„w× cvIqv DwPZ wQj 30 kZvsk(cÖwZ eQi wkvi Rb¨ 10 kZvsk nv‡i)| GB e¨_©Zvi GKwU cÖavb KviY n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡kikªgevRv‡i †h ai‡bi wkvi Pvwn`v i‡q‡Q †m ai‡bi wkv bvixiv cvbwb| Avi GKwU KviYn‡jv, AwaKnv‡i gv`ªvmv wkvq †g‡q‡`i cÖ‡ek hv c~‡e©B D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q|Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbv n‡Z †`Lv hv‡”Q, wkv ev‡R‡U †ekwKQy †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj c`‡cMÖnY Kivi c‡iI GB ev‡RUwU †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxjZv AR©‡bi c‡_ A‡bK wcwQ‡q Av‡Q| wkvev‡RU‡K cy‡ivcywi †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj Kivi Rb¨ Ri“wi cÖ‡qvRb n‡jv, D”P wkv, Z_¨ cÖhyw³,
cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj RvZxq ev‡RU AR©‡bi c‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖMwZ 73`Zv cÖwkY hv gZvq‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨š— cÖfvekvjx †m¸‡jv‡Z bvixi cÖ‡ek‡K myweavRbKKivi Rb¨ h‡_ófv‡e ev‡RUxq c`‡c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|Z‡e evsjv‡`‡ki wkv ev‡R‡Ui GKwU eo `ye©jZv n‡jv AcÖZzj eivÏ| wkv †‡ÎieivÏ evsjv‡`‡ki GDPÕi gvÎ 2 kZvsk †hLv‡b SAARC fy³ †`k fvi‡Z GB Ask 4 kZvskGes gvjØx‡c GB Ask 9 kZvs‡kiI †ewk| m¤cÖwZ †NvwlZ wkvbxwZ‡Z Aóg †kªwY ch©š—wkv‡K cÖv_wgK wkv¯—‡i Aš—f© y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| hvi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK wkvi Rb¨ A‡bK †ewkeivÏ cÖ‡qvRb| KviY cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq¸‡jvi wkK‡`i wkvgvb DbœZ Ki‡Z n‡e Geswe`¨vjq¸‡jvi AeKvVv‡gvMZ cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ ev‡R‡U GRb¨ h‡_ó cwigv‡Y eivÏivLv nqwb|3.3| ¯^v¯’¨ †‡Î bvix‡Mvôxi `vexi cÖwZdjb Ges ¯^v¯’¨ ev‡R‡Ui †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxjZvevsjv‡`‡k MZ 10 eQ‡i ¯^v¯’¨ †‡Î A‡bK DbœwZ n‡q‡Q| hvi d‡j evsjv‡`‡ki bvix Icyi“‡li euvPvi m¤¢vebv (Life Expectancy) e„w× †c‡q‡Q| G‡‡Î †h jYxq DbœwZ n‡q‡Q Zvn‡jv euvPvi m¤¢vebvq †RÛvi mgZv AR©b| AvR evsjv‡`‡ki bvix I cyi“‡li euvPvi m¤¢vebv cÖvqmgvb n‡q ‡M‡Q| eis bvixi †eu‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv cyi“‡li PvB‡Z wKQyUv †ewk n‡q‡Q| SampleVital Registration System 2006 Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡ki GKRb cyi“‡li R‡b¥i ci †eu‡P _vKvim¤¢vebv M‡o 64.7 ermi †hLv‡b GKRb bvixi †eu‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv M‡o 65.9 ermi| 1990mv‡j bvix I cyi“‡li ‡eu‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv wQj M‡o h_vµ‡g 55.4 eQi Ges 56.6 eQi| wKš‘AZ¨š— cwiZv‡ci welq †h GB jYxq DbœwZ nIqvi c‡iI ¯^v¯’¨ †‡Î e¨vcK †RÛvi dvivKi‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`k cwimsL¨vb eÿ ‡iv cÖ`Ë †ivM †fv‡Mi cÖK…wZ we‡k−lY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq†ivM‡fv‡M bvix cyi“‡li g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q e¨vcKfv‡e| eqm-¯—i †f‡` †ivM‡fv‡Mi cÖK…wZ`vi“Yfv‡e wfbœ n‡q‡Q| RbwgwZK mgxvi djvdj n‡Z †`Lv hvq, 15-59 ermi eqm `‡j †hcyi“liv Av‡Qb Zv‡`i ¯^v‡¯’¨i Zzjbvq GB eq‡mi evsjv‡`kx bvix‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ Ae¯’v A‡bK †ewkLvivc| A_P GB eqmwU n‡jv GKRb gvby‡li Rxe‡bi mePvB‡Z Kg©V mgq| GB eq‡mBbvixiv Amȳ ’ _v‡Kb †ewk Avi GB eqm mxgvi g‡a¨B bvix gv nb| AwZwi³ †ivM cÖeYZv †_‡Kbvix‡K iv Kivi Rb¨ RvZxq ev‡R‡U bvixi Rb¨ AwZwi³ eivÏ _vKv Ri“wi| wKš‘ MZ `keQ‡ii RvZxq ev‡R‡U G ai‡bi †Kv‡bv ev‡RUxq c`‡c MÖnY Kiv nqwb| ZvQvov evsjv‡`‡kcÖm~wZ‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ Ae¯’vI Lye Lvivc| gvZ…g„Zz¨i nvi AwZ D”P| †`Lv †M‡Q, 1990 mv‡j †`‡kgvZ…g„Zz¨i nvi †hLv‡b cÖwZ jv‡L 574 Rb wQj †mLv‡b 2002 mv‡j GB nvi n«vm †c‡q nq 351R‡b| gvZ…g„Zz¨ n«v‡mi GB nvi envj _vK‡j 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ gvZ…g„Zz¨ nvi `uvov‡e cÖwZ jvLcÖm~wZ gv‡qi g‡a¨ 310 Rb| GB Ae¯’vq bvix ¯^v‡¯’¨i DbœwZi Rb¨ bvix‡Mvôx bvbv `vex K‡iAvm‡Q MZ K‡qK eQi a‡i| GB `vex¸‡jv MZ K‡qKwU A_©eQ‡ii ev‡R‡U KZUv cÖwZdwjZn‡q‡Q Zv LwZ‡q †`Lv n‡q‡Q wb‡æ|bvixi Rb¨ ïaygvÎ cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ †mev bq, mvaviY ¯^v¯’¨‡K ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡ebvixi GKwU we‡kl `vex wQj cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ †mevi m‡½ m‡½ bvix‡K maviY ¯^v¯’¨ †mev w`‡Zn‡e| wKš‘ GB `vex mvgvb¨B cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q RvZxq ev‡R‡U| MZ wZb eQ‡ii ev‡RUxq
- Page 29 and 30: fu~Bqv I ingvb: wek¦vq‡bi cÖfve
- Page 31 and 32: fu~Bqv I ingvb: wek¦vq‡bi cÖfve
- Page 33 and 34: fu~Bqv I ingvb: wek¦vq‡bi cÖfve
- Page 35 and 36: evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxvAóweskwZZg L
- Page 37 and 38: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 39 and 40: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 41 and 42: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 43 and 44: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 45 and 46: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 47 and 48: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 49 and 50: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 51 and 52: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 53 and 54: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 55 and 56: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 57 and 58: †nv‡mb I †nv‡mb: ga¨-Av‡
- Page 59 and 60: evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxvAóweskwZZg L
- Page 61 and 62: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 63 and 64: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 65 and 66: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 67 and 68: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 69 and 70: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 71 and 72: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 73 and 74: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 75 and 76: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 77: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 81 and 82: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 83 and 84: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 85 and 86: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 87 and 88: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 89 and 90: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 91 and 92: cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj R
- Page 93 and 94: evsjv‡`k Dbœqb mgxvAóweskwZZg L
- Page 95 and 96: [Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú
- Page 97 and 98: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 99 and 100: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 101 and 102: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 103 and 104: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 105 and 106: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 107 and 108: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 109 and 110: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 111 and 112: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 113 and 114: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 115 and 116: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 117 and 118: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 119 and 120: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 121 and 122: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 123 and 124: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 125 and 126: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
- Page 127 and 128: Bmjvg I Bmjvg: my›`ie‡bi m¤ú`
cvj-gRyg`vi: †RÊvi ms‡e`bkxj RvZxq ev‡RU AR©‡bi c‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki AMÖMwZ 73`Zv cÖwkY hv gZvq‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨š— cÖfvekvjx †m¸‡jv‡Z bvixi cÖ‡ek‡K myweavRbKKivi Rb¨ h‡_ófv‡e ev‡RUxq c`‡c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|Z‡e evsjv‡`‡ki wkv ev‡R‡Ui GKwU eo `ye©jZv n‡jv AcÖZzj eivÏ| wkv †‡ÎieivÏ evsjv‡`‡ki GDPÕi gvÎ 2 kZvsk †hLv‡b SAARC fy³ †`k fvi‡Z GB Ask 4 kZvskGes gvjØx‡c GB Ask 9 kZvs‡kiI †ewk| m¤cÖwZ †NvwlZ wkvbxwZ‡Z Aóg †kªwY ch©š—wkv‡K cÖv_wgK wkv¯—‡i Aš—f© y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| hvi Rb¨ cÖv_wgK wkvi Rb¨ A‡bK †ewkeivÏ cÖ‡qvRb| KviY cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq¸‡jvi wkK‡`i wkvgvb DbœZ Ki‡Z n‡e Geswe`¨vjq¸‡jvi AeKvVv‡gvMZ cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ ev‡R‡U GRb¨ h‡_ó cwigv‡Y eivÏivLv nqwb|3.3| ¯^v¯’¨ †‡Î bvix‡Mvôxi `vexi cÖwZdjb Ges ¯^v¯’¨ ev‡R‡Ui †RÛvi ms‡e`bkxjZvevsjv‡`‡k MZ 10 eQ‡i ¯^v¯’¨ †‡Î A‡bK DbœwZ n‡q‡Q| hvi d‡j evsjv‡`‡ki bvix Icyi“‡li euvPvi m¤¢vebv (Life Expectancy) e„w× †c‡q‡Q| G‡‡Î †h jYxq DbœwZ n‡q‡Q Zvn‡jv euvPvi m¤¢vebvq †RÛvi mgZv AR©b| AvR evsjv‡`‡ki bvix I cyi“‡li euvPvi m¤¢vebv cÖvqmgvb n‡q ‡M‡Q| eis bvixi †eu‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv cyi“‡li PvB‡Z wKQyUv †ewk n‡q‡Q| SampleVital Registration System 2006 Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡ki GKRb cyi“‡li R‡b¥i ci †eu‡P _vKvim¤¢vebv M‡o 64.7 ermi †hLv‡b GKRb bvixi †eu‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv M‡o 65.9 ermi| 1990mv‡j bvix I cyi“‡li ‡eu‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv wQj M‡o h_vµ‡g 55.4 eQi Ges 56.6 eQi| wKš‘AZ¨š— cwiZv‡ci welq †h GB jYxq DbœwZ nIqvi c‡iI ¯^v¯’¨ †‡Î e¨vcK †RÛvi dvivKi‡q‡Q| <strong>evsjv‡`k</strong> cwimsL¨vb eÿ ‡iv cÖ`Ë †ivM †fv‡Mi cÖK…wZ we‡k−lY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq†ivM‡fv‡M bvix cyi“‡li g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q e¨vcKfv‡e| eqm-¯—i †f‡` †ivM‡fv‡Mi cÖK…wZ`vi“Yfv‡e wfbœ n‡q‡Q| RbwgwZK mgxvi djvdj n‡Z †`Lv hvq, 15-59 ermi eqm `‡j †hcyi“liv Av‡Qb Zv‡`i ¯^v‡¯’¨i Zzjbvq GB eq‡mi <strong>evsjv‡`k</strong>x bvix‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ Ae¯’v A‡bK †ewkLvivc| A_P GB eqmwU n‡jv GKRb gvby‡li Rxe‡bi mePvB‡Z Kg©V mgq| GB eq‡mBbvixiv Amȳ ’ _v‡Kb †ewk Avi GB eqm mxgvi g‡a¨B bvix gv nb| AwZwi³ †ivM cÖeYZv †_‡Kbvix‡K iv Kivi Rb¨ RvZxq ev‡R‡U bvixi Rb¨ AwZwi³ eivÏ _vKv Ri“wi| wKš‘ MZ `keQ‡ii RvZxq ev‡R‡U G ai‡bi †Kv‡bv ev‡RUxq c`‡c MÖnY Kiv nqwb| ZvQvov evsjv‡`‡kcÖm~wZ‡`i ¯^v¯’¨ Ae¯’vI Lye Lvivc| gvZ…g„Zz¨i nvi AwZ D”P| †`Lv †M‡Q, 1990 mv‡j †`‡kgvZ…g„Zz¨i nvi †hLv‡b cÖwZ jv‡L 574 Rb wQj †mLv‡b 2002 mv‡j GB nvi n«vm †c‡q nq 351R‡b| gvZ…g„Zz¨ n«v‡mi GB nvi envj _vK‡j 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ gvZ…g„Zz¨ nvi `uvov‡e cÖwZ jvLcÖm~wZ gv‡qi g‡a¨ 310 Rb| GB Ae¯’vq bvix ¯^v‡¯’¨i DbœwZi Rb¨ bvix‡Mvôx bvbv `vex K‡iAvm‡Q MZ K‡qK eQi a‡i| GB `vex¸‡jv MZ K‡qKwU A_©eQ‡ii ev‡R‡U KZUv cÖwZdwjZn‡q‡Q Zv LwZ‡q †`Lv n‡q‡Q wb‡æ|bvixi Rb¨ ïaygvÎ cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ †mev bq, mvaviY ¯^v¯’¨‡K ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡ebvixi GKwU we‡kl `vex wQj cÖRbb ¯^v¯’¨ †mevi m‡½ m‡½ bvix‡K maviY ¯^v¯’¨ †mev w`‡Zn‡e| wKš‘ GB `vex mvgvb¨B cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q RvZxq ev‡R‡U| MZ wZb eQ‡ii ev‡RUxq