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stanje i perspektive u rudarstvu i odrţivi razvoj mining present state ...

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Rudarstvo 2011 / Mining 2011enables opening of field „Veliki Crljeni ‖ and re<strong>present</strong>s I phase of shifting Kolubara‘s river bed. The shifting ofKolubara‘s river bed - I phase was done from the end of 2004 to September, 2007 when river was released in thenewly created river bed, followed by a test operation (monitoring) over a period of one year. The strategy of furtherdevelopment of coal exploitation in Kolubara‘s basin, after the opening of the open pit „Veliki Crljeni― anticipatesopening of „Field G―. The prerequisite for opening PK "Field G " is a further dislocation of the Kolubara river bedwith its branch Peštan or - Phase II relocation of the river bed. The total length of the river Kolubara‘s beddislocation - Phase II will amount to 2600 m, where 1950m will be located over spoil pit "Tamnava - East Field" andthe rest of the route following the natural terrain. Part of the spoil where it will be created space for the relocation ofriver bed is currently filled with overburden stripping (Quaternary clays) from PK "Veliki Crljeni―. The bed of theriver Peštan is shifted in the length of 1813m on the natural terrain.Shifting of the river Kolubara - II phase with itsbranch Pestan includes: making new river bed and defensive dams, making regulative and following facilities in theriver bed, sealing and anti-filtering works and facilities.The problems of locating water-course of the river Kolubarain an environment beyond its own alluvium, mostly along inner spoil are complex and connected with numeroustechnical, technological and organizational questions. This kind of shifting and regulation of rivers, until relocationof the river Kolubara in phase I, hasn‘t been done in our practice and there aren‘t many examples of shifting watercourseacross inner spoil even in European practice.The experience gained in the relocation of the river Kolubara in Iphase should be used for later stages of Kolubara relocation. The solutions for the future phases of shifting the riverKolubara must give an answer to defining other components (ecological, sports, etc.) and improving areas within thescope of recuiltivation mine used areas. In addition, we should use the experience gained from building similarfacilities in the world.KEY WORDS: shifting river across spoil, geomembrane, water-course, clay tampon1. UVODIzmeštanje i regulacija reke Kolubare se vrši u funkciji oslobaĊanja prostora za otvaranje novihpovršinskih kopova, pre svega to je bio uslov za otvaranje PK „Veliki Crljeni‖, a zatim PK „Juţno polje‖(PK „Polje G‖ i PK „Polje F‖) kao zamenskih kapaciteta za PK „Tamnava-Istoĉno polje‖, ĉiji jeeksploatacioni vek završen. Generalnim projektom izmeštanja i regulacije reke Kolubare, Peštana,Lukavice i Vraniĉine u zoni postojećeg površinskog kopa uglja „Tamnava-Istoĉno polje‖ i zoni novihotkopnih polja u centralnom delu kolubarskog lignitskog basena („Jaroslav Ĉerni‖, 2000. god.) predviĊenoje izmeštanje reke Kolubare u tri faze, prateći na taj naĉin dinamiku <strong>razvoj</strong>a rudarskih radova ucentralnom delu kolubarskog ugljenog basena. Predloţeni koncept se sastoji u tome da se korito rekeKolubare pri izmeštanju najviše locira po unutrašnjem odlagalištu PK „Tamnava-Istoĉno polje‖ (Slika 1).Izmeštanje korita Kolubare, planirano preko unutraĊnjeg odlagališta novoformiranog terena razliĉitestarosti je veoma kompleksan hidrogeološki i graĊevinski poduhvat, kakav do sada u našoj praksi nijeprimenjivan. Malobrojni su primeri izmeštanja vodotoka preko unutrašnjeg odlagališta jalovine i uEvropskoj praksi a pogotovu vodotoka ranga reke Kolubare. Ovakvi poduhvati se meĊutim, ipak rade usvetu. Primera radi u Nemaĉkoj je izmeštena reka Ind, leva pritoka reke Rur (u tom projektu je ekološkiaspekt stavljen u prvi plan).Tokom 2004. god. i 2005. god. izraĊeni su Idejni i Glavni projekat I faze izmeštanja i regulacije koritareke Kolubare u zoni PK „Tamnava-Istoĉno polje‖ („Jaroslav Ĉerni‖). Navedenom tehniĉkomdokumentacijom obraĊeno je izmeštanje korita reke Kolubare na potezu od postojećeg vodozahvata za TE„Kolubara A‖ do postojećeg ĉeliĉnog „plavog‖ mosta. Sa istoĉne strane površinskog kopa „Tamnava-Istoĉno polje‖ korito reke Kolubare je bilo locirano na leţištu uglja. Dislokacijom reĉnog korita Kolubare,na ovom sektoru ka zapadu, na prostor unutrašnjeg odlagališta „Tamnava-Istoĉno polje‖ omogućeno jeotvaranje otkopnog polja „Veliki Crljeni‖, što predstavlja I fazu izmeštanja korita reke Kolubare. Radovina izmeštanju korita reke Kolubare – I faza, duţine 4600 m i pratećih regulacionih objekata, su obavljeniod kraja 2004. godine do septembra 2007. godine, kada je reka puštena u novoizraĊeno korito, nakon ĉegaje usledio probni rad (monitoring) u trajanju od godinu dana. Tehniĉki prijem izmeštenog i regulisaniogkorita reke Kolubare izvršen je poĉetkom oktobra 2008. godine.237

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