Venkatesha Mahatme - Sumadhwa Seva
Venkatesha Mahatme - Sumadhwa Seva
Venkatesha Mahatme - Sumadhwa Seva
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Session Two (ii)– What recent and ongoing reports/ judgements/ otherdeliberations are relevant to today’s discussion?– Recent and Ongoing Deliberations in ContinentalEurope and Beyond?• European Court of Human Rights, Grand Chamber(2008) Judgement in case of S & Marper vs. theUnited Kingdom• Council of EU Framework Decision on theprotection of personal data in the field of police andjudicial cooperation in criminal matters (2008)• Canadian Parliamentary 5 Year Review of DNALegislation (ongoing)• Others – European? National?
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fu]k;Gljy;yp tPh;ant fh;g;gjy;ypTs;s gytd;D `hfpjD.];Ujhjpe;j gPbjshj mQ;[dhNjtpA ]hjhuz gynte;Jjpsjtshfp tPh;ajpe;j G+hpjthjgytd;D g~z khbjS./77/78-79/N`> [dfuh[Nd> mde;jujy;yp mQ;[dhNjtpNffh;g;gT cj;gd;dthfpJ. thANjtu njN\ape;jmQ;[dhNjtpNf fh;Nghj;gj;jpahjj;J Nfsp U~pfspNf`h\;athapJ/80/ mQ;[dhNjtpA j\kh]jnfhNdghfjy;Ny ];Nu\;lhj Gj;udd;D `NljS.fy;k~u`pjuhj U~pfS M mQ;[dhNjtpa Gj;udd;D`Dke;jndk;gjhfp N`SttuhjU./81/ mQ;[dhryntk;k ehkT Mjj;jf;Nf fhuztd;D Nfspg`Ns ]e;Njh\thapJ. j;thguAfjy;yp N\]hryf;Nfg;u]pj;jpA `;ahq;Nf MapJ/83/]jhde;j U~pAkhjdhLj;jhNd. G+h;tjy;yp NjtjpfspNf ];thkpahjG+[;adhj =dpth]D y~;kP]Nkjdhfp itFz;ljy;ypj;thujy;yp MjpN\]dd;D Mud;D tsNf gplje;NjMf;NQkhb Nekp]pjtdhjD/84/ N`. [dfuh[Nd> Mfhyjy;yp g;uhzfspNf gjpahj thAD gftj; jh;]dNfh];fumf];khj; ahtNjh fhuzj;jN]ape;j g;uhg;jdhjD/85/ Mf]h;guh[dhj MjpN]\D tsNf N`hfypf;Nf cj;Af;jdhjthAdd;D ];th;zjz;ljpe;j tsNf N`hfNgnle;JepNuhjkhbjD Mf thAD >N`> ^h;f;fdhj N]\Nd>NaDfhuz tsNf N`hfNgnle;J epNuhjkhLj;jp. ehD];tuhAf;jthj fhh;aTs;stdhfp ge;jpj;NjNd /86/ N]\DkhjdhLj;jhNd – N`. thANd> ehD ahud;D tsNfgplghunjk;gjhfp tp\;Zd Mf;Qhjudhfp ,y;ypepe;jpj;NjNd. M fhuzj;NjN\ape;j tsNf N`hfNgl. G+h;tjy;ypj;thugj;afhh;ajy;yp Mf;Qhgp];juhfpj;j [atp[aU NjtUnjhl;l mjpfhu ek;kNf nfhl;lU ak;g m`q;fhujpe;j- 10 -
epNujhjkhbj;jhpe;j ]dfhjpfspe;j \hgpjuhfp uhtzFk;gfh;znuk;g ehkjpe;j cj;gd;ddhjU. mJ /88/N`^h;f;f > epd;dpe;j khpay;gl;bNjD. N`> [dfuh[Nd MthAd thf;ajpe;j tp]ajpe;j f;&udhj N]\D Nfhgjpe;jAf;jdhfp/89/jP~;zthj thf;afspe;j thAdd;Depe;jp]{j;j khjdhbjD. N]\D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`.thANd> epd;dpe;j NaD ];Nu\;ltrdT N`sy;gl;bJ.epdNf gjFt tp\ajy;yp mNgN~ ,y;yje;Nj NjhUj;jNj./90/ N`> thANd> mf;Qhdjpe;j Nkh`pjuhj ghku [dU]{h;ad fjpad;D `hNf jpspAjpy;yNth `hNf ed;d]hkh;j;atd;D epdNf jpspaJ. kD\;adpe;j t;ah;j fh;tjkhJ ahNf khLjpj;jp/91/ gyjy;yp ituhf;ajy;yptp\;Zgf;jpay;yp edNf ]khddhjtD ,y;y ,y;y. edNf]h;tfhyjy;yp me;jg;Gujy;yp th]T kj;J ehD tp\;ZtpNfGj;ufpe;jY mjpfg;hPjpdhfpA ,j;NjNd/92./ g;uhzpfs`pjjNfh];fu kj;J [fd;dpahkfdhj tp\;Zd`pjj]YthfpA y~;k ]Nkj ehuhazepe;jj;thughyj;tjy;yp ];jhgp]y;gl;gljhfpj;NjNd/93/ thADkhjdhLj;jhNd> N`> [dfuh[Nd> uh[ke;jpuj n`huNf,Ut khh;[hyT n`huNf,j;j MdpNf ]khdthFtjpy;y.N`. N]\Nd> tg;g uh[J}jD uh[hf;NQape;j gh;ae;jfjy;yp]adkhbj uh[dd;D M gh;aq;fj NkNy jhDghjN]tdkhLj;j $jpUj;jhNd mNj guhajy;ypuh[FkhuD nfsNf ifKfp]pnfhz;L epe;jpU;j;jhNd.MjNu M J}jNf NkNy RLtjhpe;j mjp]aNtDnfsNfdpe;j Gj;uNf e;Adjh NaD N`S/94-95/];Nu\;lthj M N]\thAfspNf < g;ufhu tpthjTMapJ. Mf y~;kP Njtpape;j Nghjpjdhfp fUlj;t[D aj;J/96/N`> N]\Nd> NaDfhuz Mf;Nuh\khLj;jp.thAGj;uD ,y;ypNf g;uhg;jehdpj;jhNd. [8] NjthjpNjtdhj= tp\;Zdpe;j < g;ufhu khjdhb]pnfhsy;gl;l gzpuh[DkhjdhbjD /97/N]\D khjdhLj;jhNd> N` ];thkpNa>kyahryjy;yp th]khbUt mj;ae;j fh;tp\;ldhj mj;ae;jkhdpahj < thAdpe;j mthr;atrdT Ebay;gl;bJ./98/mNj fhyjy;yp thAD GuhzGU\dhj Ntjg;ujpghj;adhjgukGU\dhj tp\;Ztd;D FwpJ ]h\;lhq;f ek];fhukhb];Njhj;ukhbjD/99/ thAtd;D fkyje;Nj Nej;uTssehuhazD ]{f;uthfp khjdhbjD. N`> Gj;udhj thANt>- 11 -
mde;jujy;yp N]\D fh;tu`pjdhfp kUj;jfspNf];thkpahj thAtd;D ];Njhj;ukhbjD. N` >]kh;j;jdhjthANd> mf;Qhdjpe;j g;uhg;jdhj njsuhj;atd;D]`dkhLte;jtdhF./11/mde;ju eph;itudhj thANjtDN]\dpe;j mDf;u`td;D [9] khbjD. N`> [dfuh[Nd>N]\epkpj;jthfp < gh;tjtd;D N]\hryak;gjhfpk`hj;kU N`Sj;jhNu/12/ [dfuh[D khjdhLj;jhNd>N` k`hKdpahj ]jhde;jNd> fypAfjy;ypNtq;flhryntk;g ehkT `;ahq;Nf g;uhg;jthapJ.]jhde;jD khjdhLj;jhNd> G+h;tjy;yp Gue;ju ehkfdhjj;Ult;UjTs;s N]hkah[pahj ]j;athjpahj g;uh`;kzDfhs`];jpehkf efujy;yp ,Ute;jtdhfpj;jD. M Gue;juak;k g;uh`;kzD Gj;u`PddhjU mtdpNf Gj;ug;uhg;jpa]Ytfp Jf;fgply;y. mde;ju mj;j\;Nlhj;tNjjfG+h;tGz;ajpe;j t;Uj;j g;uh`;kzdpNd Gj;uDcj;gd;ddhjD. M Gj;udpNf Gue;juD g;uh`;kzu]Ngay;yp khjtndk;g ehkfuztd;d khbjD/13-14-15/N` [dfuh[Nd> M ghyfD je;jpape;j cgdadtd;Dkhb]pnfhsy;gl;.ltdhfp re;jude;Nj mgpt;Uj;jdhjD.M ghyfD U~pfshjpNtkftd;D ]p~hjpNtjhe;jkfsd;D jj;tfsd;D gy;ytdhfp ]h;ttpj;ahfsy;yp F\yehjD. /16/tpj;ahg;ahrde;jujy;yp MGue;ju g;uh`;kzD Gj;udpNf tpth`td;D khbjD>khjtD re;j;upNfehkf ghh;aspe;j Af;jdhfpg`{fhygh;ae;juthfp f;hPlhkhLte;jtdhjD/17. N`.[dfuh[Nd> ijt af;Q-gpj;Uaf;Q-kD\;aaf;Q-G+jaf;Qg;u`;kaf;Qfnsk;ggQ;raf;Qfsy;yp M]f;jdhj]pk;`f;Nf ]kdthj fhe;jpAs;s M khjtD j;hp]g;jth;\gh;ae;juthfp vulNd ]{h;ade;Nj g;ufh\khddhfpNjhUjpj;jD/18/ghz;ltNj\padhj ghz;lthpNf j;nusgjPA `;ahq;Nfg;hpaNsh mtse;Nj g;hPjpghjdhj M re;jNufpA gjpA \adkhLj;jpuY jhD ]ad khLtS. gjpA Ngh[dkhLj;jpuYjhD Ngh[dtd;D khLtS. /19/N`> [dfuh[Nd>xe;jhnehe;J fhyjy;yp N]hkah[pahj Gue;judpNf Gj;udhjkhjtD jpth]q;fkjy;yp jj;gudhfp fhkgPbjdhfpuh[Gj;hpahj re;j;uNufpad;D FwpJ g;uhg;jdhfp- 13 -
khjdhbjD./120/ N`> [fduh[Nd> M re;uNufpA gjpathf;atd;D mtzkhb gjpad;D FwpJkhjdhLttshjS./21/re;j;uNufpA khjdhLj;jhNs> N`>GU\];Nu\;lNd> \hPuT m];jpf khk;]hjpfspe;jG+hpjthfpNj. ]hPujpe;j ]hPuf;Nf ]q;flT ep];fhkpfspNfmNahf;athjj;J/22/mtnuhsNf jpthjy;yp f;hPlhmNahf;ante;j U~pfS N`Sj;jhNu. f;U`jy;yp epk;kkhjhgpj;UfS ,UtU. mf;dpN`hj;uT ,e;uNjNte;jhj;kf,y;yp khLtjhpe;j ,e;j;uNd ,UtD/23/ N`> g;u`;kzGj;udhj khjtNd> ]{h;ad g;ukhztd;D NehL.fhktd;D j;ahfkhL. < g;ufhu ];jphPas trdtd;D ];utzkhb khjtD khjdhbjD/24/ khjtD [10]khjdhLj;jhNd>N`. ghkpdp> N` khjtNd. [yjUtjf;fhfp ehDfkdkhLj;NjNd. ePD ed;d tpf;fpe;jY nkhjNy fkdkhL.M fhyjy;yp N`. [dfuh[Nd> ]`[thfp jh;ktd;DjUtjf;Nf khjtD nkhjNy n`huL N`FttdhjD./27/M re;j;uNufpA cjf ghj;hpad;D njnfJnfhz;Lmde;jujy;yp n`huL N`hjS. khjtdhjU Mre;juNufpad;D mD]hp]p t;U~fs Fk;g ,j;j ];jsf;NfN`hjD/28/mde;ju M muz;a kj;ajy;yp t;U~^ytd;D M];uh];uhap]pje;Nj m]j;a ];t&gyhtz;ajpe;j Af;dshj G+h;zre;jpudpNf ]khdthjKfTs;s/29/]{g;uthj t];j;utd;D ghpjhdkhbje;jfbay;yp eLgl;bape;j Af;jshj ]kPrPdthj eh]pfTs;sfhe;jpAs;stshj ]{e;juthj g;&gTs;s G+h;zthj];jdfSs;s Nfhfpyje;Nj j;tdpape;j Af;jshj/30/mQ;[djpe;j ypg;jshj Nej;ufSs;s kNdh`u ];tujpe;jukzPathj ghjjpe;j G+kpad;D Nyfd khLtnkhsfhyNkNy jNyad;D ,l;bUt/31/ M Fe;jsehkfePr];jphPad;D fz;L M Fe;jNsa NkNy kd];]{s;stdhfpg;u`;keph;zatd;D Nahrp]{j;j jd;d ]p\;ad;DFwpJ>N`> g;uhzg;hpashj re;j;uNufpNa> f;U`td;D FwpJ fkdkhLte;jtshF. /32/ed;d ,r;rh ghpG+h;zthfpJ. epd;dgf;jpape;j ]e;J\;ldhfpj;NjNd. re;j;uNufhkhjdhLj;jhNs> N`> ke;j;u khjtNd epd;dpe;j rd;dhfp- 14 -
N`sy;gl;bJ. ];tfPa g;u`;ktd;D FwpJ fkdkhLj;NjNd.ae;J gjpNf N`sp gjpa Mf;NQad;D j;tpfhukhbre;j;uNufpA ];tf;U`td;D FwpJ fkd khLte;jtshjS.M ];jphPA f;U`f;Nf N`hFj;j gh;ae;ju mtDmy;ypUtdhjD.33/34/jd;d ];jphPashj re;j;uNufpAn`huL N`hj NkNy N`> [dfuh[Nd> khjtDkd];]pdpe;j `pjthj ]f;jpAs;stdhf nky;ynky;yNf MFe;jNsad;D FwpJ fkd khLte;jtdhjD35/ N`> [dfuh[Nd> tp];UjNej;uTs;s Fe;jNyA]kPgjy;yp g;uhg;jdhj khjtdd;D fz;L ];tuNk`td;DkhLttshfp khjtdd;D FwpJ khjhbjS. /36/Fe;jNskhjdhLj;jhNs> N`> Kdp];Nu\ldhj Gj;jp]hypahjkhjtNd. ed;d ]kPgtd;D FwpJ gUte;jtdhfNglh.Fe;jNyA thf;atd;D mtzkhb khjtD eph;gajpe;jkhjdhbjD.37/ khjtD khjdhLj;jhNd.[11]N`kq;fsfuNs> ePD ahU> ahhpe;j cj;gd;dshfpj;jp. epd;djhap ahU. N`> cj;jkthj KfTs;s ];jphPNa> ahtNj\jy;yp epd;d th]];jsT. epdNf gj;uthfyp. 38/Nahf;ashj M Fe;jypA khjtdpe;j < g;ufhu khjdhb]pnfhsy;gl;ltshfp jd;d [hjpad;D N`Ste;jtshjS./39/Fe;jyh khjdhLj;jhNs> `pk;]hfhh;ajy;ypepujshfpj;jhpe;j ghgp\;lshj me;j;a[Fyjy;ypcj;gd;dshe;jtshfp me;j;a [dNjN\ape;j me;j;a];jPhPay;yp cj;gd;dshje;jhfp khk;]td;D g~zkhLte;jtshfp ePrshj ed;dd;D NaDfhuz g;u\;dkhLttdhFj;jp/140/ N`> g;uh`;kzNd> edNfkj;aNj\jy;yp th]];jhd. N` g;uh`;kzNd Ntjhe;jcgep\j;J Ke;jhj tpj;Njfsd;D gy;ytdhj ePDed;dd;D Nehlypf;Nf Nahf;ady;y.41/tpNtfQhd u`pjNd.ed;dd;D ];gh;\khlypf;fhfp ukp]{tjf;fhfyp `;ahq;NfmNg~p]{j;jp . khjtD < g;ufhu khjdhLj;jpUtFe;jNsad;D Nehb khjdhbjD /42/ khjtDkhjdhLj;jhNd> [dhpNf gpjhk`dhj g;u`;kD> ehuhaznjN\ape;j t;ah;j;jthfp `{l;bjtdhfpj;NjNd> N`>[dfuh[Nd> Fe;jNyad;D muz;ajy;yp th]thfpUtNfh];fuh t;ah;j;jthfp ];U\;b khbjD. Mjhpe;j g;u`;kD>me;jndk;gjhfp ed;d Gj;jpNf ]h;tfhyjy;yp NjhUj;jNj.ed;d Gj;jpahjU rhz;lhs fd;dpNfahjhf;A M ]{e;jhpahj- 15 -
Fe;jypay;yp /43/44/ ytNzhjfjy;yp cj;gd;dthjtptpjuj;dfsd;D NjtjpfS fhe;jpA Kf;a fhuz thfpj;jNjN\ape;j `;ahq;Nf mq;fPfhu khLj;jhNuh/45/`hq;NfN`> Fe;jypNa.> M N`Jtpdpe;j ]{e;juthj&gTs;sj;jhpe;j epd;dy;yp Nkhftd;D ehD khLj;NjNd.]kPrPd ke;j`h]Ts;s Fe;jypNf epd;d ]q;fkhbj;jd;e;juek;k gpj;Ufspe;j ]`pjdhfp eufNyhftd;Dn`he;Jj;NjNd/46/jUzdhj mUzje;Nj fhe;jpAs;s Fe;jyehkfrz;lhy fd;dpNfA g;uh`;kz Gj;udpe;j < g;ufhukhjdhb]pnfhsy;gl;ltshfp NuhjdkhbjS. N`Njtjpfspe;ah. ]h;t]Ni\;ldhj g;uh`;kzD rz;lhsfd;dpNfahj ed;d ]q;fk>hj ghgj;jN\ape;jKf;jdhfyp.47/mf;dp ,e;J nkhjyhj jpf;NjtjpfS,e;j;uhjpfS tpf;Nd\;tuD ];jhtu [q;fk>hjt];JfS ed;d thf;atd;D ];utz khlyp. g;uh`;kzFkhudhj khjtD ghgpahj rz;lhyfd;dpNfahj ed;d]q;fjpe;j t;ah;j;jthfp Gj;jpad;D j;ahfkhLj;jhNd/48/N`>khjtNd> [dfuh[Nd> ]kPrPdthjkj;ag;uNj\Ts;s Fe;jNyA g;uh`;kzNfh];fu g;uyhgkhbjS. N`> g;uh`;kzNd> m];g;U\;athj mf;dpad;Dt;ahf;utd;D tdjy;ypUt f[td;D Mh;j;jdhj ahtD];gh;\khlf;QhD> /49/gu];jphPaU mf;dp]khdS. [12]mjnuhsNf> rz;lhs fd;dpNfA MfpUj;NjNd.];Nu\;lthj g;uhkzgjtpD n`he;jp ePrthjmNahfjpad;D `;ahq;Nf mNg~p]{j;jp./50/ N`>g;uh`;kzNd> GU\ ];jphP Ngjjpe;j g;uh`;kz mf;dpaifa ]{j;u ak;g ehy;Fth;zfS Ngjjpe;jtpuhfkhly;gl;lNj. g;uh`;kzdpNf g;u`;kNahdpAkD\;ahpNf mtutu NahdpA `Pnf tpNtfkhly;gl;b];jNj./51/ g;uh`;kzhpNf ];t[hjpad;D j;ahfkhbmd;a[hjpad;D N]tp]{tJ jh;ktpy;ynte;J jpspj;NjNd.N`> g;u`;kz];Nu\;lNd epd;d ]hPuT mjp\athfpNtjfspe;j ghp]{j;jthfpUj;jNj./53/ uhj;hpay;yp ahtfhyjy;yp epd;d je;jpape;j epd;d jhap UJfhy]kajy;ypNjtke;jufspe;j ghp]{j;jthj Nuj];]T gply;gl;bNjh- 16 -
,jd;Nd fh;ghjhdntk;gjhfp gz;bjUjpspAj;jhNu./54/N`> g;uh`;kzNd> Ntjkj;a ke;j;ufspe;j]Pke;j ]k;];fhutd;D khbj;jhNu. `j;jNd jpq;fSg;uhg;jthFj;jpUt epd;d jhapA g;u]{jshjS/55/ `hNf]h];j;uG+h;tfthfp Mj fh;z ehkfuzfsd;D epd;d je;jpAkhLte;jthjD. md;d g;u\;dh nrss Ke;jhjcgdadhjp fh;ktd;D/56/mf;dp ]h~pG+h;tfthfp epd;dtpth`td;D khbjD. Mj;ae;jd khly;gl;lNtjNtjhq;fTs;s M`pjhf;dpa t;ujjy;yp ePD]pjf;ddhfpj;jp.57/ Vjhj;j\ghp]{j;jthj epd;d Nj`f;Nfmghp]{jthj ed;d Nj`jpe;j ]k;NghfT N`Nf $bJ.(58)epd;d fh;zfS `hprhpj;uad;D mtzkhbj;jhpe;jghp]{j;jthfpNj. epd;d eh]pfT `hpNf mghuthj]{fe;jjpe;j ghp]{j;jNjae;J n`he;jpNt.`hpehNkhr;rhuzjpe;j epd;d [p`;NtA gtpj;uthfpj;Nj.fh\p nkhjyhj Gz;aN\h;u ]Q;rhujpe;j epd;d ghjfS]{j;jthfp mNt. ,e;j ]{j;jthj epd;d Nj`f;Nf ed;d ePrNj`jpe;j ]q;fT `;ahq;Nf g;u]j;j thFj;jNj.59/60/61/N`> g;uh`;kzNd> ePD ed;d Nj`jk`hj;Nkad;D NfS. ]h;tfhyjy;ypA ed;d [p`;NtAgfypq;Nfhr;rhuzhjp mthr;atrdjpe;j ]h;tjhjf;jthFj;jNj. /62/ ed;d cjuT kj;akhk;k]hjpg~zfspe;j Af;jj;td;D iajpNj. [huj;kndk;g]k;g;ej;jpe;j ed;d fh;zfS ]pgpythfp mNj/63/ed;dghjfS guGU\z f;U`f;Nf N`hFtjhpe;j ghgfspNf]khdthfpNj. Nfhuj khbkhb ed;d fufS fbdTakjz;lf;Nf ]khdT MfpNj/64/me;j ghgp\;lshjed;dNj`d;Nd epd;d ghp]{j;jthj Nj`jpe;j ]q;fTahNf $bJ. ePD[13]];Nu\;l [hjpatD ehD ePrS. ed;d]q;fjpe;j `;ahq;Nf ];th;ztd;DFwpJ fkdkhLj;jp? 65/gu];jphPa]q;fNjh\jpe;j g`{[dU kuztd;Dn`he;jpj;jhNu.N`> g;uh`;kzNd. t;ah;j g;uhz nfhlNgl. N`.epdNf ]{gfuthfyp. epdNf ehD jhapahfpUj;NjNd/66/g;uh`;kzd Gj;udhj khjtD M Fe;jNsa thf;atd;D];utzkhb khjdhbjD. mNefth;\fspe;j khbj Gz;ajfh;ghtjpe;jY `hpa mDf;u`jpe;jY ijtNahfjpe;jY- 17 -
edNd epd;d ]q;fT g;uhg;jthFj;jNj. kj;J epd;d ]q;fTfh;ghh;j;j fhk Nkh~fspNf fhuzthjj;J. N`> Fe;jNsNa>Mfhuzjpe;j ed;dd;D n`he;Jte;jtshF. ehDepd;dd;D mD]hp]p ,Ute;jtdhFj;NjNd. g;uh`;kzNd epDaQ;NQhgtPjtd;D j;ahfkhL. ]pu];]d;DKz;lkhbnfhz;L g;uh`;kzj;j ,y;ytdhfp rz;lhsupNfg~pjypf;Nf Nahf;athj Nfhkhk;]td;D g~zkhL. kj;J]Pf;uthfp kj;atd;D ghdkhL. `Pfhj;jNu ek;k fjpnahsNfgUtp. Ve;J mtS MbjS. . Mbj vy;yh M vy;yhkhjd;D Nfsp mde;ju g;uhug;jfh;kjpe;j g;NuhpjD.g;uh`;kzD Mj khjtD xs;nsnje;J vj;Jrz;lhsu Mguztd;D khLttdhfp Fe;jNyape;jf;U\;zNtzp ejpa jlhftd;D FwpJn`huLN`hjD.74/ /75/khjtD MNkNy Fe;jNya]q;fjpe;j Nkh`pjdhfp j;thj]th;\gh;ae;ju ,Nj g;ufhuth]khb fhyN~gtd;D khbjD> Nj`f;Nf [dfuh[Nd>ePyNf]fSs;s Fe;jNsA kuztd;D n`he;jpjS. MFe;jNyape;j u`pjdhjtdhfpj;j [14] M- 18 -
Jf;ftaNjape;j g;uhe;jdhj g;uh`;kz Nj[];]{s;skhjtD cd;khjNuhfjpe;j `{r;R`pbj;jpj GU\Ndhghjpgujfz;ltd;D FwpJ ]Q;rhu khbjD.M fhyjy;yp ijtNahfjpe;pj cj;juhjpf;fpdy;ypUtg;u]pj;juh[U tuh`^h;jpa ahj;NuaNfh];fu Ntq;flhrygh;tjtd;D FwpJ N`hFte;jtuhjU.. M khjtD khh;fkj;ajy;yp M uh[ud;D NehbjD/77-78-79/M uh[u ]q;fTjpUFte;jtdhfp mtu cr;rp\;l md;dtd;D Ngh[dkhbj;j M khjtD NjtNahfjpe;j N]\hrygh;tjtd;DFwpJ g;uhg;jdhjD/180/ M uh[U Ntq;fl gh;tjf;Nf N`hfpM gh;tj xe;J ghfjy;ypj;j fgpyehkf jPh;j;jjy;yp];dhdkhb gf;jpape;j Af;juhfp Mjujpe;j tgdtd;Dkhb]pnfhz;lU /81/ N`> [dfuh[Nd> Gd` M jPh;jjy;yp];dhdkhb cj;juNj\j uh[U ]e;J\;luhfpgpj;Ufscj;jp\;athfp gpz;lfsd;D nfhLte;jtuhjU.khjtdhjU kq;fyfuthj fgpyjPh;j;jjy;yp n~suG+h;tfthfp];dhdkhb M uh[U khbje;Nj khLtjf;Nf Nahf;aNj,y;yj;jhpe;j k;Uj;jpNfape;j gpz;lfsd;D khb gpj;UfspNfgf;jpape;j nfhLttdhjD/.82/NjtNahf;ajpe;jhfyp mjthkhbjfh;kjpe;jhfyp khjtD ghgu`pjdhjD/83/ Mfhuzjpe;j aht kD\;adhjU gf;jpape;j jPh;j;jghdtd;Dgpj;UfspNfh];fu ];uhh;j;jtd;D gpz;lg;ujhdtd;D MitFz;lfphpay;yp khbjNu mtD Nkh~td;Dn`he;Jj;jhNd. Guhjdthj Gz;aN~j;ujy;yp khjtDk;Uj;jpatd;D khLte;jthjD/.84/GU\];Nu\;ldhjtp\;Ztpd N~j;uj kj;J jPh;j;jj cj;jkGz;ag;ujthj\f;jpad;D v\;le;j th;z]{ttuhNjT> khjtD k;Uj;jpfgpz;ljhdkhbjhpe;j khjtd gpj;UfS Kifhpahjtp\;Ztpd Mf;NQape;j Nkh~td;D n`he;Jte;jthuhjU./85/N`> [dfuh[Nd> kUjpd g;uhjf;fhy guY M uh[UGj;uhpe;jY ge;Jfspe;jY ]`pjthfp M fgpyjPh;jjy;yp];dhdkhb gh;tj];Nu\;ldhj itFz;lfphpad;D FwpJMNuh`NzkhLte;jtuhjU. /86/ M uh[ud;dD]hp]pkhjtD t;U\ghrytd;D VwpjD.N`. [dfuh[Nd> ]k];juh[Umy;yy;yptp];uhe;jpad;D n`he;jpjU. /87/ g;uh`;kz];Nu\;ldhj- 19 -
khjtdhjU gh;tjjNkNy FspjD M gh;tj];gh;\khj;ujpe;jM rz;lhs];jphPau ]q;fjpe;j khjtd ghgT ]{l;LN`hjT/88/ k~pfg~jpe;j `;ahq;Nf the;jpahfpf\;lthFj;jNjh `hNf khjtdpNf Mghgfkdkhbnfhlj;jh f\;lthfpj;J. t;U\ghrytd;DMnuh`z khbj $lNy gh;tj k`hj;Nkape;j M khjtd]hPujpe;j cj;jkthj mf;dpA ]{uhkhk;]g~zjpe;jcj;gd;dthj ahtj;J ghgtd;D Mfkp]p M ghgtd;D]{l;Lgpl;bJ./89/M ghgj Jh;fe;j ]h;tNjtNjfSj;uh]pjuhjU. [25] M khjtd mj;U\;ltd;D jpspjg;u`;k> Uj;u nkhjyhj NjtNjfS/190/tprpj;uhjtpkhdfsd;D MNuh`z khbnfhz;L M khjtdpj;j];jstd;D g;ufh\khLj;j g;uhg;juhfp Mfh\khh;fjy;ypepe;jtuhfp N`> [dfuh[Nd> khjtd rhpj;Nuad;DNehb/91/khjtd ]pu];]pdy;yp G\;gt;U\;bad;DkhbjU. mde;ju g;u`;kD ,spJ khjtdd;D fz;L /92/jah\Pydhj =tp\;ZT f;UNgape;j m[hkpsdd;D `hNfcj;jhukhbjNdh. `hNf f;UghSthj g;u`;kD g;uh`;kz];Nu\;ldhj khjtdd;D ghgu`pjdhfp cj;jhukhbjD./93/. g;u`;kD khjtd k];jftd;D Mf;ukzkhbkhjdhbjD. N`. g;uh`kz ];Nu\;ldhj khjtNd.m;j;ae;jthfp ghgu`pjdhjp. /94/,d;D ];thkp jPh;jj]kPgtd;D FwpJ N`hfp M ];thkpjPh;jjy;yp ];dhdtd;Dkhb mde;ju tuh`^h;jpad;d ek];fhp]p N` khjtNd.]hPutd;D j;ahfkhLttdhF. /95/Ke;Nj ePD ghz;ltunjs`pj;uFyjy;yp cj;gd;ddhfp fPh;jpTs;s uh[D Mfpep\;fz;lfthj uh[;atd;D ghyd khLttdhF./96/ k`huh[. ePD mde;ju itFz;ltd;DiaJte;jtdhFj;jp/98/ rJudhj rJh;KfTs;s g;u`;kD
N`Ste;jtuhjU /200/ Mj;jhpe;j < Ntq;flhryTNyhfjy;yp g;u]pj;jthj fPh;jpAs;sj;jhapJ.N`> [dfuh[Nd> g;uhjf;fhyjy;yp ahtkD\;aDNtq;flhrytd;D fPh;jdkhLj;jhNdh/201/N`> G+g>mtdpNf gujf;f Gz;ajgytd;D aah];jpjthfpN`Sj;NjNd. ];utzkhL. fh\puhNk];tu ahj;Nu]`];j;uhth;j;jp khbj;jhpe;j VD gyg;uhg;jthFj;jNjNah MgyT ep];uathfp g;uhg;jthFj;jNj/202/ edNfnfsjkU~pape;j N`sy;gl;l < Gz;afuTgukfy;ahzfufT. ];utzjpe;j gj;ujhafT Mj N`> ]jhde;jNd>th]{NjtD G[;adhj ]h;guh[dhj N]\dd;D FwpJehuhzaD N]\hrynte;J g;uhg;jdhj N`spjnde;Jepd;dpe;j G+h;tjy;yp N`sy;gl;bJ. M ehuhzadd;DN]\hryf;Nf g;uhg;jdhj fNjad;D tp];jhuthfp edNfN`Ste;jtdhF. N`. ]jhde;jNd Mjp N]\dd;DFwpJ ehuhazd;D N]\hryf;Nf g;uhg;jdhj ]q;fjpad;DN`sputnik;gjd;D ePD nkhjY N`spUtp. MjNu MehuhzaD N]\hryf;Nf g;uhg;jdhj fNjad;D edNf]tp];jhuthfp N`S/1/ N`. ]jhdd;jNd> tp\;ZD`;ahq;Nf itFz;lNyhftd;D j;ahfkhLte;jtdhjD. M- 21 -
tp\;ZD rhpj;Nuad;d jPh;jfs rhpj;Nuad;D t;U\ghryjrhpj;Nuad;D kj;J tuh`&gpgukhj;kd k`hj;Nkad;DMfh\uh[d rhpj;Nuad;D `hF k`hj;kdhjMfh\uh[d jk;kd rhpj;Nuad;D aht Mfh\uh[dpNfy~;kPNjtpA Gj;hpA N`fhjnsk;gjD [fj;gjpahj=k`htp\;ZD `;ahq;Nf [hkhJthjD nak;gjD MtpthN`hj;]tjy;yp NjtNjfS U~pfS Njtjh];jphpaU`;ahq;Nf MFte;jhj;japJ . M fNjad;D tp];jhuthfpN`SttdhF/3/4/5/]jhde;jD khjdhLj;jhNd> G+h;tjy;yp f\;agNdnkhjyhj U~p];Nu\;luh jj;tp[U ghfPujpjPujy;yp]e;Njh\jpe;j af;Qtd;D khLj;jpj;jU. /6/M fhyjy;yp];Ujp];Nu\;lD G+[;aD QhdpA Mj ehujD Maf;Q]k;ge;jpftd;D FwpJ f];aghjp KdpfspNfkhjdhbjD. N`> U~pfspuh> < cj;jjkthj af;Qtd;DVDfhuz khLj;jphp/7/< af;Qgytd;D ahtDmDgtp]{j;jhNd. < af;Qjy;yp ahtD Kf;aNjtNjA N`>Kdp];Nu\;lhpuh> khly;gl;l af;Qgytd;D ahhpNf]kh;g;gNz khLj;jphp/8/M U~p];Nu\;lU < g;ufhu ehujU~pa thf;atd;D ];utzkhbtp\;Z. g;u`;k> \pt k`hGj;jp]hypahjg;UFKdpNa> NjtNjfsy;yp ];Nu\;ldhj guk>d;DjpspAtjf;Nf ]Pf;uthfp ePD fkdkhLttdhF. `Pq;nfe;JM U~pfs thf;atd;D ];utzkhb g;UFKdpA g;u`;kdke;jutd;D FwpJ fkdkhbjD./11/M ]j;aNyhfjy;ypk`hgh`{]hypahj [fj;jpd ];U\;bf;fpe;jY G+h;tjyypcj;gd;dhj rJhhKfD ]{e;juhq;fD ]u];tjpape;jNkh`pjD rJh;Kfdhfy;yp cj;gd;dD NtjNf\jpe;jtpuhfkhdD. jpf;ghyfuhj ,e;j;uhjpfs ]^`jpe;j]`pjD fphPljpe;j g;ufh\khdD Njh\u`pjD [fj;jpNfepahkfD Mj ehuhazdd;D. [27] ];Njhj;ukhbjD. k`h- 22 -
Nj[];]pdpe;j g;ufh\khddhj g;u`;kd;D fz;L ,tNd]h;Nth;jJkndd;J jpspJ gf;jpape;j g;u`;kd Kk;ghfjy;yp]h\;lhq;f ek];fhutd;D khLte;jtdhjD. g;u`;kD Mekdd;D khbj f;Ujtd;D fz;L khjdhbypy;y. Mg;UFU~pA M g;u`;kdpNf jhNd]h;Nthj;Jkndk;gjpj;jy;yp fpQ;rpj; m`q;fhutNj ae;JjpspJ n`huL N`hFte;jtdhjD. jd;dkd];]pdy;ypj;j fhh;aT ygp]ujhpe;j M g;UFKdpAifyh]gh;tjtd;D FwpJ fkdkhLttdhjD/12/13/14/15/16/ ifyh]gh;tjtd;D iajp M gh;tjjy;ypep[ke;jpujy;yp ghh;tjp ]`pjdhfp f;hPlhkhLte;jtfhkhj;jg;gjfdhj jpNyhfdTs;s Uj;udd;D fz;Lte;J~z my;yp ]{k;kNd epe;jD./17/ M ]kajy;ypfhKfdhj Uj;uD g;uhg;jdhj g;UFU~pad;D jpspaypy;y.ghh;tjp g;uhg;jdhj U~pad;D fz;L y[;N[ape;jkhjdhLttshjS /18/N`> k`hgh`{]hypahj Uj;uNd>Kdp];Nu\;ldhj g;UFU~pA g;uhg;jdhfpj;jhNd.]Pf;uthfp ed;dd;D gpLttdhF. `Pnfe;J M ghh;tjpathf;atd;d ];utzkhb Nfhgjpe;j nfk;ghjNej;uTs;stdhfp/19/g;UFU~pad;D ]k;`hu khLtjf;Nfh];fuh ]Pf;uthfp gUttdhjD. Mf g;UFU~pape;j]hgjpe;j Uj;udd;D epuhfukhbjD (mJN`nfe;jNu)[dhpe;j ePD G+N[ad;D gbaNgl ak;gjhfp Uj;udd;DFwpJ \hgtd;D nfhl;lD/20/ ePD ypq;fG+N[ape;jNyNyhfjy;yp f;ahjpad;D gb ae;J M g;UFU~pA N`spmde;ju g;ufhuNfhGu j;thujy;yp N`h] NjhuzfsN\hgpape;jY ehy;F jpf;fpdy;yp ehy;tU j;thughyfhpe;jYtg;Gt =`hpa ke;jputd;D FwpJ Ntq;flhryf;Nf g;uahzkhbjD/21/22/ M NyhfnjhsNf jpt;athj ]adkhljf;ff;U`jy;yp N]\dkQ;rjy;yp =ukhNjtpape;j $b]adkhbj ]h;Nthj;jkdhj =dpth]dd;D fz;lD/23/mde;ju M g;UFKdpA (my;yp N`hjU ,Nj tpathuelj;Nj ae;J g`{Mf;Nuh\jpe;j) M Nfhtpe;jd aNjNfghjjpe;j nthj;jD. mde;ju jhbjdhj Nfhtpe;jD jhNdae;J tpdaf;jdhfp Kdp];Nu\;ldhj g;UF~pad;D fz;Lcj;jkthj gf;jpape;j g;UFKdpa ghjfkyjy;ypgPSttdhjD. mde;ju Mj;ae;j gf;jpape;j g;UU~pad;d- 23 -
Mypq;fdkhbnfhz;L khjdhbjD. /24/25/N`g;UFKdpNa> ePD ]j;ae;j fbdthj eh]u`pjdhj[uhu`pjdhj NjtNjNthj;jkhpe;j Ngjp]ypf;Nfmg;jhj;athj ed;d \hPutd;D /18/t[;uf;fpe;jYj;Uljuthjj;Nje;J jpspJ ePD ,e;j mjp fNlhuthj ed;d]uPuf;Nf k;UJthj ghjjsjpe;j ahNf jhld khbjp/23--28/N` KdpNa> epd;d jpt;athj ghjfS mjpNfhkythjj;J.me;j ghjfS jhldjpe;j a\;L Jf;ftd;D N`he;jpjNt.mJ edNf jpspAtjpy;y/28/< g;ufhu khjdhb Mg;UFU~pa ghjfsd;D c\;Nzhjfjpe;j g;u\he;jdkhbkq;fsfuthj g;uh`;kz ghNjhftd;d \pu];]pdy;yp jhuzkhbjD/29/QhdpfS jh;\dkhj;ujpe;j [fj;uatd;D gtpj;ukhLj;jpj;jhnue;J ]k];j [dud;D Nkh`nfhsp]{ttdhfpjhD f;UjFz;Ltjpe;j ]`pjdhj ]k];j t];Jfsd;Dg;UFU~pa ghNjhjfjpe;j g;Nuh~zkhbjD/30/Njt];Nu\;ldhj tp\;Ztpdpe;j < g;ufhu khjdhb]pnfhsy;gl;l g;UFU~pA G+kpay;ypj;j mf;u[hjpatuhjg;uh`;kz ]Ngay;yp ge;jD/31/Mf itFz;lth]pahj=ehuhazNd ]h;Nthj;JkD ae;J M U~pfsd;d FwpJcgNj\ khbjD> Mf U~pfS `PNf ]hPae;J af;Qtd;Dkhb [fd;dpahkfdhj tp\;ZtpNf af;Qgy]kh;g;gNzad;D khbjU./32/]h\hj; =`hpA]h;Nthj;JkD .jUtha y~;kPNjtp> y~;kPNjtpf;fpe;jY NfhbFzjpe;je;A+dU g;uk;kthA jUthajy;yp Uj;unkhjyhjNjtjpfS/33/NjtNjfnshsNf ijj;ath]nuhsNfkD\;anuhsNf < g;ufhuthfp jhujk;a jpspajf;fj;J Njthjp Njtdhj [dd;dpahkfdhj ];thkpNaepd;dd;D gpl;Lnfhl;L fkdkhLj;NjNd/34-35-37/(VNfe;jNu) N`> [dfjdhafNd> [fj;gjpNa> mtu[d;kTs;s g;UFU~pape;j ed;d Mypq;fdkhLt- 24 -
t~];jsjy;yp ghjjpe;Nj jhbjdhjp./35/ (Mj;jhpe;j epd;deljpA g`Ns `Pdthjj;J. epd;d $l ehD ,uyhNu. N`>fUlj;t[Nd> jpt;athj futPuGuf;Nf (M futPuT ed;djtukNdA my;ypNf) fkdkhLj;NjNd. < > g;ufhu g;Nukjpe;jfy`td;D `hpa]q;fl khbjtshfp/37/y~;kPNjtpA MN~j;uthj futPuGutd;d FwpJ g;uahzkhbjS.]fyghf;a Fzepjpahj =y~;kPNjtpA ahthf;Na ed;dgpl;L N`hjNsh. Mf;Na ];kuzkhj;ujpe;NjJhpjJ}ukhljf;f =ehuhazD j;thguAfj me;jpk ghfjy;yp,g;gj;njz;lNd fypAf guY ahtNj\jy;yp ahtfhyjy;ypaht fh;kjy;yp y~;kPNjtpa fy`T `;ahq;Nf ]he;jthfpuJmjue;Nj ehD `hNf khLte;jtdhFj;NjNd/39-40//19/ < g;ufhu ]q;fy;gkhb yPNyape;j kD\;af;UjpAs;skhahtpahj Nfhtpe;jD cj;jkthj ]e;Njh\khLtitFz;ltd;D j;ahfkhb ghfPujpa j~pzjpf;fpdy;ypNah[dfs \jj;uajNkNy ];th;zKfhpape;j ehkTs;sejpfsy;yp ];Nu\;ldhj ejpA mNj M ejpA ]{fKdpNfgukg;ujhdthjj;J kj;J mf];j;a U~pape;j G+[pjhjj;J. M];th;zKfpejpa cj;jujpf;fpdy;yp auLtu `ujhypNkNyNtq;flhj;hpak;g ehkTs;s Gz;atdT mNj. M ];jsf;Nfg;uahzkhbjD. M Ntq;flhgh;tjT NkUgh;tjf;NfGj;uthjj;J ]k];j jPh;j;jfspe;j Af;jthjj;J./41/42-43-44/gq;fhu. ngs;sp nkhjyhj jhJfspe;j myq;f;Ujthjj;J.itFz;lNyhff;Nf ]khdthjj;J . kj;J itFz;ljy;yp,j;jj;J ehuhazdpNf Mth];jhd thjj;J. ,d;DitFz;lj gh;jT g;uj;a~ N]\hrythfpUj;jNj/45/N]\-thA ]k;ge;jjpe;j itFz;ljpe;j ge;jj;J. \jNah[dtp];jPh;zthjj;J. ^tj;J fhtj cj;jthjj;J/46/gh;tjf;NfNtq;flhryT KfthfpUtJ. kj;J fbfhry-t;U\ghry
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3j;UjpNahj;aha:------= y~;kPe;U]pk;` g;u]Pj:/20/ ]jhde;jD N`Sj;jhNd> M Ntq;flhryj NkNy];Nu\;lthj kj;J g;u\k;]dPathj kq;fsfuthjkr;rf];rg-]h;gfspe;j Af;jthj mD$$lfspe;j];Nuyf;Ujthj \pk;]{khufzfspe;j t;ahg;jthjkz;Lffspe;j myq;f;Ujthj JPujy;yp cj;gd;dthjt;U~]%`fspe;j Mfh\gh;tjthfp Rk;gpjthjfhddTs;s ghfPuj;ahjp ]h;tjPh;jfspNf [d;%h;jplae;Jg;u]pj;jthj ];thkpG\;fhpzpA g;ufh\khdthfpUtJ. M];thkpG\;fhzpay;yp aht kD\;aU ];dhdtd;DkhLj;jhNu< M kD\;aU Gz;af;Nf ghj;uthFj;jhNu.1-2-3-/]{h;ad jDh;uh\pay;yp guY ]{f;yg~ Kf;Nfhbape;jj;thj]pjpdjy;yp mUNzhja fhyjy;yp ]k];jNjtjpfS]{gfuthj ];thkpG\;fhpzpjPh;j;j [yjy;yp ];dhdtd;DMNg~p]{j;jhNu/4/ ,e;j gtpj;uthj ];thkpG\;fhpzpjPh;jjy;yp kD\;ahpf;fpe;jY ];dhdfhyT ,e;jjpt]Nt khlNfnfe;J VD N`sjf;fj;J. ,e;jk`hk`pNkNgjthj M ];thkpG\;fuzpjPh;j;jjy;yp ahtg;uh`;kzU gpj;Ufs g;hPjpaNfh];fuh ];uhh;j;j-jh;gzhjpfh;kfsd;D khLj;jhNu/5/mtu gpj;UfS ]e;J\;luhfpitFz;lke;jpujy;yp eh;j;jdkhLj;jhNu/ epkNfNjt[d;kge;jhf;A < ];thkpG\;fhpzp];dhdNtMfNj N`hjNu M Njt[d;kjpe;j aht ]hjd thFtJ.‘mN`h” VD M jPh;j;j k`pNk ae;J ]{jU –n]sdfhjpg;uh`;kzhpNf N`sj;jhNu /6/ ];thkp G\;fhpzpjPh;j;jjy;yyp];dhd-jhd khbj;jhpe;j kD\;au ghf;a\hypashFj;jhNu.xg;g ]q;fdhfkdhj uh[D ];thkpG\;fhpzpay;yp];dhdkhbj;nje;J ];th;f;ftd;D FwpJN`hFte;jtdhjD.7/ G+h;tjy;yp mq;fPuak;g U~pa kfdhjehuhazndk;g g;uh`;kzD ];dhdjpe;j `{l;bj /21/];thkpG\;fhpzpjP;h;j;jj k`pNkape;j M jPh;jjgyghtjy;ypj;j = =dpth]Njtu ]e;jh;\dtd;D- 27 -
jf;nfhz;L M ];thkpape;j jd;d mNg~pj tutd;D]k;ghjp]pnfhz;L Ntq;flhryf;Nf ge;jD/8/ kj;J j\ujGj;udhj =uhkre;j;uD ];thkpG\;fhpzp jPh;j;j ];dhdjpe;juh~\dhj uhtzdpe;j itay;gl;l ]PjhNjtpad;Diajpj;jD/9/ ,e;j k`hk`pNkNgjthj kq;fsfuthj];thkpG\;fuzpjPh;j;jT Ntq;flhryjy;yp ,j;j jPh;j;jfsy;yp];Nu\;ljPh;j;jthfpj;J. M ];thkpG\;fhpzpa g~pkjpf;ghfjy;yp tuh`KfTs;s `hpA/10/ G+Njtpad;dMypq;fdkhbnfhz;L m\;tj;j t;U~j ^yjy;yp ,j;j`{j;jpndhsNf ,UtD. jphpNfhb jPh;j;j]^`fspNf MNtq;flhyT [d;k];jhdthfpj;J./11/G+[;adhj tp\;ZD < gh;tj];Nu\;lthjN]\fphpNf ge;J itFz;lfpe;jY < gh;tjmjpfthfnje;JjpspJ M]ke;jjhghfjy;yp ]Q;rhu khLte;jtdhjD /12/y~;kPgjpahj =`hpA \{g;jthfpUtjf;Nf ];ty;g];jstd;D $l iajypy;y. ];thkp G\;fuzpa jPh;j;jy;ypMf;Nf epd;J kdjy;yp NahrNd khbjD.”f;U`pzpf;U`Kr;aNj” n`z;ljp ,j;jNu mJ kNd . ,ujpj;jNumJ tdNt. < Ntq;flhryNt Mthr;a Nahf;athjj;J vd;JtprhukhLj;jpuY /13/m\;lnuhsNf G+[;aD [fjP];tuDMj `hpA j\pzjpf;ghfjy;yp eph;kyT jpt;aG+kpahjjpe;j;hpzp t;U~j %yjy;ypUt ty;kPftd;D ]e;Njh\jpe;jNehLttdhjD/14/ < ty;kPfNt edNf ,Utjf;Nf cj;jk];jhdT ve;J < g;ufhu MNyhrNdad;D khb M ty;kPfjy;yp=`hpA mlfpj;jD. `PNf =`hpA M ty;kPfnjhsNfmlfpuY `j;J ]`];j;u tU~fS N`hjT.15/Mf;Nf j;thguAfT N`hfp ,g;gj;njz;lNd fypAfge;J. v\;Nlh tU\fS N`hjT Mf;Nf uh[];Nu\;ldhjNrhyehkfnek;g xg;guh[D/16/ehffd;dpNfa cjujy;yp[d;ktd;D iajpjtdhjD. M Nrhyuh[D g`{Gz;ag;ujdhj < guj]q;ftd;D ghyNdkhLj;jpuY/17/ NfhfSg`{~Putd;D nfhLte;jthfpj;jT. Gj;uU je;Njay;yptprhu]Ts;stuhfpj;jU. fhyfhyf;Nf gh;[pd;aDt;U\;bnfhLj;jpj;jD. ]]pfS g`{jhdj;afsd;DnfhLj;jpj;jU /18/ ]k];j ];jphPaU gjpt;uNjfshfpj;jU.]h;tGU\U ];tfPa ];jphPauy;ypNa Mjhj;fuhfpj;jU. MNrhyuh[d;pe;j uh[;aT ghyNdkhLj;jpuY g;uh`;kzU- 28 -
af;QkhbjU. mde;jujy;yp jj;guuhfpj;jU/19/ M fhyjy;yp(=`hpA =k`hy~;kpa$l fy`khb itFz;lgpl;LG+Nyhff;Nf N`hj ]q;fjp Nfsp mtdpj;j ];jsjpspaNgnfe;J) ]h~hj; g;u`kNjtD NjD&td;D jhp]pUf;aj;ut;ajpe;j tj;]]`pjdhfp Nrhyuh[d f;U`td;DFwpJ g;uhg;jdhjD/20/ g;u`;kD NjD Mfp ]p\;aDtj;]dhfp y~;kpA Nfhghyspahfp gjpahj tp\;Ztpdkhh;f;ftd;D NehLj;j Nrhyuh[dd;D FwpJg;uhg;juhjU/21/(22)k`hy~;kpA M Nfhtd;D tpf;uakhb];t];jstd;D FwpJ N`hjS. Mf;Nf Nrhyuh[Dg`{~Pug;ujthj ]g;athj M Nfhtd;D Gj;uhpNf~Puhg;]d khLtjf;fhfpNa khbjD/22/g;ujpjpt] MNjDT uh[d vuL]`];j;u NfhTfspe;j $b=Ntq;flhrytd;D FwpJ ukhdhjdd;D `{Lf;Fj;jfkdkhLj;jpj;J. M gh;tjjy;yp my;yy;yp ehuhazdd;D/23/ NjD&gpahj g;u`;kD Mf;uhz &gjpe;j`{LFttdhjD. mde;ju `PNf g`s jpt]jNkNy];thkpG\;fuzp jPujy;ypj;j ty;kPfjy;yp =`hp,j;jhnde;J jpspJ g;u`;kD ]e;J\;ldhfp ty;kPftd;D~Pujhuhjpe;j N]rdkhbjD. Mtj;jpd nkhjynfhz;Lepue;ju uh[dNjDfspe;j $bnfhz;L NjD&gpahjg;u`;kNjtD M Ntq;flhryjNkNy N`hfp mj;ae;jgf;jpape;jNy epj;ajy;yp [fj;jpNf ];thkpahj =tp\;Ztpdg;hPjpNfh];fu ty;kPfjy;yp ~PuN]rdtd;D khLj;jpj;jD./24-25-26/ M NjDT f;U`jy;yp ~Put nfhljpj;jpy;y.< g;ufhu nfyT fhy N`hfj;jpuY Nrhyuh[gj;dpAjhNd NjDghyfd;D fhp]p khjdhbjS. Aiy> Jh;Gj;jpahjNfhghyNd> M Nfhtpd ~Putd;D VDkhLj;jpj;jpUtp/27-28/ aiy> NfhghyfNd> ePD g~p]{j;jpNah mjth tj;]Tg~p]{j;jjNah. ,jd;D ]j;athfp N`S. < g;ufhuuh[gj;dpa thf;atd;D ];utzkhb NfhghyfDgagpg;`ydhfp/29/fe;jj ];tuTs;stdhfp uh[ghh;asd;DFwpJ ke;jthfp khjdhbjD. M ~PuT VD MFj;jNjNaehdhpaD. ehD FbAtjpy;y. tj;]T jhNd FbAj;jNjNahNfhNt FbAj;jNjNah mjth md;aU ahU FbAj;jhNuh.,J edNf jpspaJ. ehD N`spj trdT ]j;ante;J jpsp.M Nfhtpd tp\afthfp tpN]\ tprhutd;D khLttshF.- 29 -
g;ufhu Nfhghyfd thf;atd;D ];utzkhb M uh[gj;dpANfhgjpe;j uf;jfthj Nej;uTs;stshfp M Nfhghydd;Djh;kj u[;[{spe;j jhld khb]pjS. /30/31-32/ mde;juvulNd jpt]T g;uhg;jthFj;jpuY uh[ghh;aspe;j jhbjdhjNfhghyfD epue;ju Mfs jf;Nfhz;hlj;jpdpe;j mjuFj;jpNfNf `f;ffl;b jd;d ifnahsNf tf;f`pbJNfhz;LN`hFj;jpj;jD. Mn`hh;Nj `f;fhtd;D gpl;L mju`pe;NjNd eNljD. NjDT Ntq;flhj;hpad;d N`hfp Mgh;tjjy;ypj;j tp\;ZtpNf ke;jputhj ty;kPfjy;yp jd;d];jdjy;ypUt ~Pufspe;j mgpN\ftd;DkhLte;jhj;jhapJ/33-34/(23) NjDghyfT ty;kPfjNkNy~Putd;D fNyAj;jpUt M NjDtd;D fz;L Nfhgjpe;j`];jkhj;u g;ukhzTs;s $lhutd;D ]Pf;uthfp vj;jpNjDtd;D nfhy;Yt cj;Nj]td;D khbjD.35/ Mfhyjy;yp ty;kPfjy;ypUt ];thkpahj `hpA gf;juy;yp jd;dg;Nuk Njhhp]{te;jtdhfp Nyhfjy;yp ahtGU\D jd;dGj;jpNf ]k;`hutd;D jd;d ]Ythfp khb]{j;jhNdNah/36/ M kD\;aD ahtj;fhygh;aj;uthfp re;ju-e~j;ufS,UtNth jhtj;fhygh;ae;juthfp euftd;DmDgp]{j;jhNd. ePrdhj NfhghyfD $lhujpe;jed;d]Ythfp ~PuN]\dkhLt Mfsd;D ]k;`hukhLj;jhNd (< ];tgf;j`dd Njh\T edNf gUtJae;J) epuhkfthj y~;kPgjp =dpth]D jpspJ ahtkD\;a ];Nu\;lD ve;Nj Jy]Pjykhj;ujpe;jhjU ed;dd;Dgf;jpghtjpe;j G+N[ad;D khLj;jhNdNah> MkD\;add;D u~zkhLj;Njnde;J `PNf ed;d g;ujpf;NQ,UtJ.< g;ufhuthfp MNyhrNd khb M $lhujg;u`hutd;D `pbJ [fj;gjpahj =dpth]D jhD jd;d]pu];]pdy;yp mjpjP~;zthj $lhujpe;j jhbjdhfp MNtjNdad;D jhp]pjD/37-38-39-40/\q;fje;Nj jhNuAs;sflhujpe;j ]pu];]pdy;yp fhatd;D n`he;jpjtdhjD. Mfhyjy;yp ]g;j]q;ahfthfthj jhyt;U~fscd;djg;ukhzjpe;j uf;jf ];G+h;jpA MFte;jhj;jhapJ/41/,.e;j k`hgatd;D NfhghyfD Nehb gPjdhfp kuztd;Dn`he;jpjD. NfhghyfD k;UjdhFj;jpuY M NjDT Mfhyjy;yp gh;tjjpe;j ,spJ/42/ `k;ghu \g;j khljNy mjp- 30 -
]q;flgLj;j Nrhyuh[dd;D FwpJ g;uhg;jthfp uh[d]{gfuthj f;U`jy;yp N`hushLte;jhj;jhapJ/43/ Mf;Nfuh[D k;Ujtj;]Ts;s Nfhtpee;Nj n`hushLte;jfhghpahj NjDtd;D fz;L aiy N]tfNd> < MfSNfh]^`td;D j;ahfkhb VDfhuzae;J kj;J ahNfGd` Gd` N`hushLj;jNj. < Mfs ngd;D`j;jpN`hfp Nfh]^`jy;yp $b]{ ve;J < g;ufhu uh[dpe;jMf;Qhg;jdhj J}jD M NjDtpd `pe;Nj N`hjD./44-45/mde;ju J}jd itFz;lgh;tjtd;d MNuh`z khbty;kPfhf;utd;D FwpJ g;uhg;jdhfp k;Ujdhfp gpj;jpUtNjDghyfdd;D fz;L kj;J ty;kPfhf;u NjN]ape;jcj;gd;dthj /46/]g;jjhyt;U~ g;ukhzthfpUtNfhujthj uf;jt;U\;Nlad;D fz;L M uh[J}jD mde;juuh[f;U`td;D FwpJ g;uhg;jdhjD/47/(24)M J}jD ty;kPfnjN\ape;j cj;gd;dthj jf;ft;U\;bad;D my;yp Nfhghyfdd;D k;Ujdhfp gpj;jpUtt;Uj;jhe;jtd;D uh[dpNf N`spjD. J}jD Kfjpe;juf;j];jhtu&g M];th;afu t;Uj;jhe;jtd;D Nfsp uh[DM];th;af;j kd]{s;stdhfp /48/ NkNzad;DMNuh`zkhb ]Pf;ujpe;j t;U\ghryjy;ypj;j ty;kPftd;DFwpJ g;uhjuhfp M uf;aG+bAtjd;D NjDghyfdkuztd;d Nehb mj;ae;j Jf;ffuthj < fhh;aTahtghgp\;ldpe;j khly;gl;bNjh ,Njdh];uante;J/49/NjDghyfD `;ahq;Nf kuztd;d n`he;jpjD. kj;Jty;kPfT `;ahq;Nf uf;fjpe;j G+hpjthfpj;jpJ.Ntq;flhryjy;yp < NfhTfsthh;NjA [du mgpg;uhatVdpNj ve;J Mbj uh[d thf;atd;D ];utzkhbtykPfjy;ypUt [fj;gjpahj mghpkpj tPh;aD Mj =`hpAty;kPftd;d gpl;L NkNy ge;J ];thkpG\;fhpzpaj~pzjpf;fpdy;yp ,j;j M `{j;jpd]kPgjy;yp epe;J ]q;frf;u-fjh-=gj;kfsd;Djhuz khbUt rJh;gh`{fsd;Djpt;a];t>d;D jhuzkhbj Fj;jpNf ]pucg;gp fz;zPU]{hp]{j;j ma;Nah> VD Jf;f nfhl;bNah ve;JkhjdhbjD./50-51-52/ J];lthj MrhuTs;suh[;[];th;akjjpe;j cj;jdhj N`> Nrhyuh[Nd> ePDghgp\;dpUtp ahnfe;jNu mdhajthj md;du`pjdhjjhpj;udhj tdrhhpahj khjhgpj;Ufspe;j `Pddhj- 31 -
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Ke;Nj ed;d fjpNaD. `;ahq;Nf khlyp/2/ < g;ufhuthfp MNrhyuh[dpe;j khjdhb]pnfhsy;gl;l =dpth]D $lhujg;u`hujpe;j t;aNjAf;jdhfp \hg^h;r;rpjdhjNrhyuh[dd;D FwpJ nky;yNd khjdhbjD/3/ N`.uh[];Nu\;ldhj Nrhyuh[Nd> ehD JuhrhhpA. ghgp\;lD.tprhukhlNj mf;Qhdjpe;jY mjp\afhajpe;j cj;gd;dthjt;aNjape;jY ar;rhpy;yNj ed;dpe;j t;ah;j;jthfp \hgTnfhly;gl;bJ./4/. ed;d \hgT t;ah;jthfyhunje;JNtjtd;D gy;yU jpspAj;jhNu. N`.> Nrhyuh[Nd> gf;juy;ypthj;]y;ae;Njt Njh\jpe;j mj;ae;j t;aNjAs;sdhfpj;NjNd/5/ aiy uh[Nd> ay;ypatNuNf fypaftpUj;jNjhmy;ypatNuNf Jf;fTs;stdhF. ePndhg;gNd Jf;fae;JjpspaNgl. ]j;a]q;fy;gntk;g Njh\jpe;j cgajUJf;fjpe;j Af;juhfpNuhz/6/ Ke;Nj Mfh\ehkfdhje;Ug];Nu\;lD cj;gd;ddhFj;jhNd. M Mfh\uh[D]{e;jhpahj gj;khtjp ak;g fd;dpNfad;d edNfnfhLj;jhNd/7/fd;ahg;ujhdfhyjy;yp edNf tuj~pNzad;DnfhLj;jhNd. kj;J auL]htpuj Njhyh J}f;fTs;s];th;zjpe;j eph;kpjthj uj;dt[;ufspe;j tpG+~pjTf;hPltd;D nfhLj;jhNd/8/]{f;uthu ]haq;fhyjy;yp MfpHPltd;d jhp]{ttdhFj;jNjNd. fphPltd;Djhp]pjfhyjy;yp M \pur;Nrjt;aNaspe;j ed;d Nej;ufs[fjpe;j G+hpjthFj;jNt./9/M fphPlhjhuzjpe;j MU fspNfatNuNf epdN;f ]{fthFj;jNj. `PNf =dpth]D jdFNrhyuh[dpF fhyepaktd;D khb M uh[dpNf ]{fjtutd;D ]{rp]p jd;d mtjhug;uNah[dT M uh[Fkhhpaghzpf;u`zf;fhfpNa ae;J Nrhyuh[dpNf N`sp MNtq;flhryjy;yp G+[;adhj =`hpA ,UttdhjD.mde;ju $lhujpe;j cj;gd;dthj fhaj \he;jpad;DmNg~p]{te;jtehfp itj;a]h];j;ufsy;yp F\yD Mjg;U`];gjpape;j ];kuzkhbjD. ];khp]pj $lNyg;uhg;dhj g;U`];gjpA fz;L N` FUNt> ed;djNyafhaT ]Pf;uthFt xs~jtd;D N`S/10-11-12/< g;ufhu `hpape;j Mf;Qhg;jdhj g;ukhzghhpfspNf];Nu\;ldhj g;U`];gjpA tpdajpe;j Af;jdhfp- 33 -
=dpth]dpNf N`sj;jhNd. N`> y~;kPgjpahj=dpth]Nd> (af;fpfplj) `hF mj;jpfplj`hypdy;yp muspad;D Njh`p]p M fhajNkNy jhuzkhL. > xs~jpe;j J}]{ jptjfsy;yp fhaT khAj;jNj ae;JFUthj g;U`];gjpape;j N`sp]pnfhsy;gl;ldhj. (26)=dpth]D Xs\jtd;D N`spje;Nj khLj;j M Ntq;flgh;tjjy;yp th]khbjDmde;ju kdjy;yp NahrNd khlj;jhfpj;jD.(mNjnde;jNu) ty;kPfNt nfs]y;ahNjtp> jpe;jpzpt;U~Nt j\ujuh[D. N\\hryNt mD[dhjy~;kzD. mNahj;ahGuNt itFz;lgh;tjT. `PNfuhkhtjhujpe;j mtjhutd;D fy;gNd khLte;jtdhjD/13-14-15-16/ty;kPfNt Njtfp> je;jpzp t;U~Nt. t]{Njt>N]\hryNt gyuhk Ntq;flhryNt kJuhgl;lzT];khkpG\;fhpzp ]NuhuNt aKdhejpahfptpfpb]{j;jpUj;jNj. ]k];j k;UffNs ahjtU g~pfNsNfhgpfh ];jphPaU. Ntq;flhrygh;tjjy;yp < g;ufhuthfpf;U\;z &gjpe;j =dpth]D f;hPlhkhLte;jhtdhjD.N` muhap jhpj;uNd N` fhz Nej;u`PddhjtNd> N`tpfl mgat e;A+ddhjtNd ]FLk;guhfp = Ntq;flhrygh;tjf;Nf N`hfphp. epk;k epk;k mNgN~ad;D < fphpAG+h;zkhLj;jNj. Ve;J Ntjjy;yp g;ujpghjpjthj]h;tj];Nu\;ldhj N]\hryT jhD th]khLtjf;NfNahf;athj ty;kPfT M =`hpNa itFz;lf;fpe;jYn`r;rpNf ]{fnfhljf;fj;As;shjT. 1718/19/20/]{th;zKfhp ehkf ejpNa g;u]pj;jthj tpuh[ejpAitFz;lNt =Ntq;flfhpA ukhgjpahj ehuhazNd=dpth]D. Kf;jg;uh`;kNu g~pfS Kf;juhj N]\hjpNjtNjfNs ]pk;`hjp k;UffshfpUtU. Ntq;flfphpay;yp]dj;Fkhu nkhjyhj jptpN[hj;kNu fgpfshfpUtU. Aht[PtD kD\;aNj`td;D iajp N]\hrytd;D FwpJfkd khLtjf;Nf ,r;rpJj;jhNdh mtNd jh;kp\;lD.Mtdpe;jNy ]k];j Gz;afh;kfS Mrhp]y;gl;bNj.MFj;jNt. mtdpNf ]h;tNjtNjfspe;j ek];f;UjthjukhehjD g;hPjdhFj;jhNd/21-22-23/- 34 -
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kD\;aD Ntq;flNl\ k`pkh&g ~uP]hfujy;yp epue;ju];utzntk;g ];dhdrhujy;yp M]f;jdhfp ,UtNdh>mtD Gz;atd;D t;Uj;jp khLttdhfpf;Ujhh;jdhFj;jhNd ae;J ]{jKdpA U~pfS ]{gfuthjthf;atd;d Nfsp ];tfPa ]p\;a ]Kj;utd;D FwpJkj;ae;jthfp gf;jpape;j ek;uthj ]hPuTs;stdhfp mtug;u\;Ndad;D g`Ns gu\;]d khb N`spjD/5-6/ ]{jDN`Sj;jhNd. N` ]k];j Kdpfspuh> gf;jpape;jAf;juhjthpNf N]\hryf;Nf ];thkpahj =dpth]dfd;ahghpf;u`>hj fyah;Nzhj;]ttd;D Nfsphp./7/Ntq;flhryf;Nf ];thkpahj =dpth]D te;jhndhe;Jfhyjy;yp jhD jd;d ]pu];]pdy;yp cj;gd;dthj fhaf;Nfxs~jtd;D khLt ]Ythfp g;uahzf;Nf cj;f;Uj;jdhfpmUNzhja fhyjy;yp n`huNf n`hulD/8/ mNj fhyjy;yptuh`D NgNlahLj;j ]ythfp ]{fufspe;j ]`pjdhfpt;U~gehkfehj \hkhf;ajhd;atd;d mg`hp]{tijj;add;D iajp/9/ aht fhyjy;yp g;uhg;jdhjNdh> Mfhyjy;yp tuh`D =dpth]dd;D fhZttdhjD. My;ypMf;Nf tuh`fS ePD ahU ahnue;J fh;[d khLj;jge;jT/10/ [fj;jpNf ];thkpahj =dpth]D M ]{ffsd;Dfz;L my;Ny yPydhjD. tuh`KfTs;s `hpA yPddhj=dpth]D fz;L =ukhNjtpa $l fy`khbNtq;fltd;D gpl;L ge;j =gjpahj =Ntq;flhrydd;DjpspJ ijh;atd;D M];ua]p M =dpth]dd;D FwpJkhjdhLj;jhNd/11-12/ =dpth]dhjU ty;kPfj]kPgjy;ypUt M ];Ntjtuh`dd;D jpspJ cj;]h`jpe;jNehLj;j t;U~j Fq;fNjhsfpe;j n`huNf ge;J mtd]kPgf;Nf ge;jD. mde;ju cgajU gup];guhtNyhfdjpe;jcj;gd;dthj m];Ujjpe;j ]e;jpf;jthj (28)NyhrdTs;stuhjU./13/tuh`-=dpth]< cgajuy;ypNgjtpy;y. cgajU ]h~hj; ehuhaz ];t>Nj gue;J&gge;jj;jhe;j NjhUttuhfp tplk;gdtd;D Njhup]{j;jF\y g;u];Ndad;D khbjU/14/tuh` =dpth]dM];th;afuthj fh;ktd;D Nehb g;u`;k nkhjyhj; Njtjpfstuh` =dpth]d NkNy G\;gt;U\;bad;DkhLttuhjU/15/AfhD]hu> Nj\hD]hu> fhyhD\hu>tahD]huthfp mtjhutd;D mNg~p]{ttdhfpy~;kP]Nkjthfp g;uhf;Ujde;Nj f;hPb]{j;jhNd. M- 36 -
];Nu\;lthj NjtNjfS =dpth]d rhpj;Nuad;d =th]Nd>itFz;lNyhftd;D j;ahfkhb ePD NaDfhuz < ];jsf;Nfg;uhg;jdhFtthdhfpj;jp/19/ itFz;ljpe;j ge;jfhuztd;D N`ste;jtdhF. < g;ufhu tuh`^h;j;jpape;jkhjdhjb]p nfhsy;gl;ll =dpth]D tuh`&gpahjgukhj;kdd;D FwpJ khjdhbjD.20/ N`. tuh`.g;UFU~pA> ghjjpe;j ed;d t~];jsjy;ypg;u`hukhbj;jhpe;j y~;kpNjtpA ed;dd;D j;ahfkhbfutPu Gutd;D FwpJ N`hFte;jthsjS. M Jf;fjpe;j]e;J\;ldhfp cj;jkthj itFz;ltd;d j;ahfkhb,y;ypNf g;uhg;jdhfpj;NjNd. N`> Njt G+fhe;j> epd;dth]];jsj j~pzjpf;ghfjdy;yp ty;kPfjy;ypth]khbnfhz;bj;j ed;dd;D Nrhyuh[d NfhgyfDjP~;zjhNjAs;s $lhujpe;j jhldkhbjD> M fhaTed;dd;D ghjp]{j;jNj. N`> tuh` ];thkpNa> ,y;ypxs~jtd;D jUtju Nfh];futhfp g;ujpjpdjy;ypA fkdkhLj;NjNd/21-22-23/ < ghtjjy;yp ijtjpe;j epd;dd;DNehLte;jtdhNj. < ];jsjy;ypNa th]khlNgnfe;J ed;d]q;fy;gT mNj/24/ N`> mtjPfhe;jdhj tuh`Nd>ahtj;fhygh;ae;juthfp fypAfT ,UtNjhjhtj;fhygh;ae;juthfp ehD th]khbnfhz;bUtjf;Nf];jstd;D nfhLte;jtdhF. ve;J mtdpe;j Mf;Qdhfptuh`KfTs;s `hpA N`Sj;jhNd. N`> =dpth]Nd>th]khLtjf;Nf (];js NfhlNgfhjNu fUzhepjpahj tuh`Nd(Ke;Nj ed;d g;uhgy;aT g`shFj;Nj fhuz jh;\dhh;j- 37 -
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6\\;Nlhj;aha:= y~;kPe;U]pk;` g;u]Pj:(31) ]{jD khjdhLj;jhNd> ntq;fNl];tuDte;jhndhe;J fhyjy;yp m];ttd;D ];khp]pjD.kd];]pdpe;j MNyhrNd khbj$lNy m];tTg;uj;a~thhfp aJhpNf g;uhg;jthapJ/1/M m];tjNkNyFspJ Ngl;NlahLtjf;Nf N`hfNgnfd;J Nahrp]p mjf;Nfjf;f myq;fhufspe;j G+]pjdhjD (N`nfe;jNu) ]{gthj`jpidJ nkhsj t];j;utd;Dl;lD. nlhq;ff;Nfelfl;ld;D ge;jdkhbnfhz;L cLjhujpe;jg;ufh\p]{tdhfp /2/ ]{g;ughj gQ;r`];j g;ukhzthjt]j;utd;D n`hj;Jnfhz;L mde;ju Mjh;\Nyhftd;Dehb ]{g;uthj k;Uj;jpNfad;D jhp]p/3/M ehkj kj;ajy;ypFq;Fk kNdh`uthj jpyftd;D jhp]pnfhz;L G+fpgyjhk;G+yfspe;j ]`pjdhfp r;Uh;zr`pjthfpj;j ghj;Nuad;D/4/kj;J fd;dbad;D ]{g;u k;Uj;jpNfad;D `hNf Fq;Fkghj;Nuad;D ]{th;zeph;kpjthj t];j;ujpe;j fbkj;ajy;ypge;jdkhb nfhz;L /5/]{th;z eph;kpjthj af;NQhgtPjNtNj`jy;yp Ts;stdhfp fy;yjy;yp fz;b NfhG Kj;jpd]ufspe;jY etuj;d frpjgjffspe;jY G+\pjdhfpfq;fzfspe;j Af;jthj `];jfspe;jY G+h;zthj ]{e;ju]hPuTs;stdhjD /6/ uj;dfrpj G[fPh;jjpfspe;jYNj[];G+[;adhj cq;Fufspe;jY jpt;a Nf]ufe;jNygdfspe;jY g`{ myq;f;UjdhjD.mde;ju $jyfsd;D fl;b NkNy nfk;ghj t];j;utd;D]{j;jp cj;jhj N`fly NkNy gpj;jpUt G\;gkhNyfspe;jG+\pjdhj ];th;zuj;dfspe;j ]k;gj;jthj ghJNffsy;ypf;U`pjthj mf;dpAs;s jDh;ghzjhp]p fhe;jpAs;skd;kjdf;fpe;jY mjp]{e;juthj =dpth]D ,e;jkNdh`uthj >d;D jhp]p uj;dhguzfspe;jmyq;f;Ujthj jb-jq;F-hPfPg-yfhk nkhjyhj]h`pj;afspe;j myq;f;Ujthj ];th;zjpyfjpe;j Af;jthjthANtff;Nf ]khdthj NtfTs;s ]{th;zje;Njth;zTs;s jpyfjpe;j N\hg]{j;jpUt KfTs;s- 41 -
ePyth;zthj ]{g;ughj ghjfSs;s `jpidJksg;ukhzTs;sjthj (me;jNu `g;G `j;Jnkhs cj;jve;J nkhsTs;s vk;g mh;j;j) Njk;g kz;ghjpy~zfspe;jAf;jthj m];ttd;D MNuh`zkhbnfhz;LN]\hryjpe;j// (32) ,spJ M =dpth]DNgNlahLtjf;fhfp N`hFte;jtdhjD. my;ypehehtpjthj MfhuTs;s ]pk;` \hh;j;Jy [k;G+fsd;Df[fsd;D \ugfsd;D rpfNufsd;D Nfhzsd;D tdjy;yp]h;tj;u ]Q;rhp]{j;j ]k;`hp]pjD/7-8-9-10-11-12/ Mtdjy;yp ]Q;fhukhLt kNjhd;kjthj te;J f[td;Dfz;L M f[td;D ]k;`hukhlypf;Nf =dpth]D M f[j`pk;ghftd;D mD]hp]p N`hFte;jtdhjD/13/ M f[T=dpth]d NjN]ape;j gaf;u];jthfp muz;ajy;yp J}uN`hFte;jhj;jhapJ. te;JuNt fhtj N`hfp my;yp];thkpahj =dpth]dd;D FwpJ ]h\;lhq;f ekdtd;Dkhb N]hz;Nlad;ndj;jpnfhz;L XjUj;j ahtf;Nf ekdkhbNjh Mf;Nf fd;dpNfA j;U\;bNf gpj;jS/14-15/U~pfS NfSj;jhNu. N`> k`hj;kNd> ]{j> Mfd;dpA ahu ]k;ge;jpfS. NaDfhuz tdf;Nfg;uhg;jthfpjS.? < ]h;ttd;D N`Ste;jtdhF/16/ N` ]k];jKdpfspuh> fd;dpNfa gtpj;ufuthj [d;ktd;D ];utzkhbhp. G+h;tjy;yp j;thguAfj me;jpkghfjy;yp k`hj;kuhjghz;ltu ]k;ge;jthj ghujAj;jT ]khg;jpthjgspf,g;gj;njz;lNd fypAf guY tpf;utpf;ukhh;fNd nkhjyhjuh[U M thf;Nf ];th;f;fNyhftd;D n`e;jpj;jU> /18-19/Mfhy N`hjde;ju ]`];j;u ]k;tj;]ufS N`hfYre;j;utk;]jy;yp ]{tPundk;g ehkTs;s xg;g uh[D`{l;bjD. M ]{udpNf ]{jh;kndk;g Gj;uDt;Uj;jd;dhjD. M ]{jh;kdpNf Mfh\-njhz;lkhdehkfshj ]h;t Nyhfjy;yp a\];futhj uh[];Nu\;ldhjUGj;uU cj;gd;ddhjU.20-21/Mfh\-njhz;lkhduh[Ujh;kp\;luhfpj;jU. `hp gf;jpj;juhfpj;jU. ehuhazdj;ahdjy;yp M]f;juhfpA apj;jU. mtnuhsNf Nahf;athj- 42 -
Mfh\uh[D [;Na\;lD. Njhz;lkhduh[Dfdp\;lD/22/ (33) Mfh\uh[D njhz;lNj\f;Nfuh[dhfp < G+kpad;D ghpghyNd khLjpj;jD. MMfh\uh[D G+kpad;D ghyp]{j;jpuY [dU jh;kjy;ypM]f;juhfpj;jU. /23/ ]k];jthj ]uhruhj;kfthj [fj;Jepuhj;jf ghe;jjhj;jhapJ. NfhTfS ge;J ~Putd;DnfhLjpj;jT.. ];jphPaU jk;k jk;k g;hPjpfsy;ypNagphPjpAs;stuhfpj;jU/24/`PfpuY uh[D kf;fS ,y;yjtDMfpj;jD. M uh[D te;J jpt] kf;fS MfNgnfe;J,r;NrAs;stdhfp jd;d FyGNuh`pjdhjg;U`];gj;ahrhh;aud;D fhp]p Vfhe;j f;U`jy;yp FspJgf;jpG+h;tfthfp M GNuh`pjdd;D FwpJ Jf;fjpe;jkhjdhbjD./25/N`> FUNt> f[Jufjfspe;j Af;jthj < uh[;aTed;dpe;j mDgp]y;gl;bJ. ehdhtpjthj jhdTkhly;gl;bJ. mjp\athfp jPh;j;jahj;NuA khly;gl;bJ./26/N`> j;tp[Nd> gpj;Ufspe;j Kf;jpg;ujthj Gj;uN]hfTs;smDgtp]uy;gl;bJ. ed;dpe;j ahtghgT khly;gl;bj;J.Ahtd Gj;uD G+h;tjy;yp ed;dpe;j ]e;J\;ldhfpj;jhD/27/N` g;uh`;kz ];Nu\;lNd> M ghgjpe;j Gj;u [ddTedNf g;uhg;jthfypy;y. Gj;ud KffkyT Nej;jufspe;jNehly;gly;py;y/28/ `hF Gj;udpe;j Nuhjd khly;gl;l]g;jT fh;zfspe;j ];utz khly;glypy;y. N`> g;uh`;kz];Nu\;lNd> Gj;udpy;yj;jhpe;j ed;d tk;]T gpj;UfspNfeuffjpA MFj;jNj/29/ kf;fS ,y;yjtNf ]e;fjpAMFtjpy;ynte;J Njtty;ygU N`Sj;jhNu. ];th;zghj;Nuay;yp Gj;ud]q;fl ed;dpe;j Ngh[d khly;glypy;y/30/ ed;d njhlaNkNy Mguzfspe;j myq;fhp]y;gl;l]{jD ed;dpe;j yhypjdhfypy;y. ehD ghgpA. JuhrhhpAkj;J Gj;u`PdD jhpj;uD/31/
Gj;u`Pddhj ehD NaD N`syp/34/ N`> Gj;jp]hypahjMrhh;aNd> rpj;uFg;jhpe;j edNf Gj;u`Pdj;tTNyfdkhly;gl;lNj. MjNu ed;d cjujy;yp cj;gd;ddhjGj;udpe;j(epe;Nja) gpLfNlA ae;jhfpJ./35/ePD J}uhrhhpA .Jh;Gj;jpatD. mGj;uD `Pnfe;J akdpe;jgh\zkhly;gl;l thf;atd;D ];utzkhb (34)ahtGj;uD M akdKe;Nj epy;Ytjf;Nf cj;]h`Ts;stdhjhD/36/e\;l ]e;jhdTs;s ep\;Lu ];tghtTs;s mjpgtp\;ldhj ehD euff;Nf N`hFtjf;fhfpNa t;ah;j;jthfpcj;gd;ddhfpj;NjNd/37/ [dU ([d]%`jy;yp)gjp`Pdshj ];jhPaU mltpay;yp ePhpy;yj `hsghtpad;D`;ahq;Nf J}\p]{j;jhNu `hNf Gj;u`Pddhj Fytd;DJ}\p];jhNu/38/N` g;uh`;kzNd NaDkhlyp? ay;ypN`hfyp? ,e;J edNf fjpNaD. ehD ahtNjtud;d ]uZN`hjNu ]k;]hu]Kj;utd;D jhLte;jtdhNjNd? /39/Nuhjd khLj;jpUt Gj;udd;D fz;L ed;dpe;j gN;ukdpe;jMfyp Nfhgjpe;Nj Mfyp ed;d N`z;ljpad;d \pl;LkhbGj;udd;d Nuhjd khb]NgNlk;gjhfp khjdhly;gl;by;y/40/]Pf;uthfp ~Putd;D ghd khb]{ttshF ~Pu ghdkhb]Nj N`hjNu> ehD epd;d jhld khNlDfz;Nlad;d g;ujpNkad;D gytd;D fz;Lftd;DGj;udpNf FLte;jtshF/41/ Gj;udd;D f[jNkNyMNuh`z khb]p f;uhkg;uj~pNzad;D khb]{ mtuhrz;lhsp thhp]{/ uh[];jphPNa> ehD uh[]Ngad;D FwpJfkdkhLj;NjNd . (t;ah;j;j myp]Ngl vd;J vd;JN`sypy;y)/42/ `hF ghy;aht];Njay;yp Gj;udpNfekpfuztd;D [hjfh;kfspe;jD ehD khlypy;y. N`>g;uh`;kzNd> ftrtd;D tprpj;uthj ]pNuhG+\ztd;Dkhb]p/43/ mjp\athfp uj;dfspe;jY t[;ufspe;jYAf;jthj Nf\G+\ztd;D khb]p Gj;udd;D myq;fhukhbehD Gj;udd;D fz;L ]e;Njh\td;DiaJte;jtdhfypy;y/44/Gj;udd;DnjhNlay;NyFs;shp]pnfhz;L M Gj;uD ed;dpe;j Mb]y;glypy;y.kj;J gQ;rth;zjtdhj M ed;d Gj;uD mjpg;hPjpape;jcgep\jdhfypy;y.45/ jUtha az;lNd th;\jy;yp mjth`j;jNd th;\jy;yp tpth`T khly;gly;py;y. N`>- 44 -
g;uh`;kzNd> M Gj;udpe;j ]k;ghjp]y;gl;l j;ut;aT jhpj;udhj]j;aGj;udpe;j `pjthj edNf ma;Nah> ghgfjpA MjpJ.mj;ae;j Gz;afuthj ]{jh;k uh[d Fyjy;yp t;ah;j;jthfpflf;Nf NfhNlNf ]khdthj ]hPuT cj;gd;ddhapjy;y?/48/mdhjuhj kD\;ahpNf Gj;u[d;kT Jh;ygthje;jhj;JkD\;ad cjujy;yp g`{ Gz;at\e;jpNj. Gj;uNdcj;gd;ddhFj;jhNd./49/(35) mjp ghgp\;luhj ekNf tg;g fd;dpNfahjUMfypy;y. jh;k ]e;jhd ]k;Qpfshj ]j;Gj;hpAcj;gd;ddhfy;py;y/ 50/ N`> tug;ujdhj mr;AjNd >N`uq;fdhjNd> [fj;gjpahj [fj;FUthj ]{g;uh`;kzNd>]k];j NjtjpfspNf ];thkpahj jah\hypahj ehuhazNd >jNaad;d khLttdhF/51/ y~;kPgjpahj Ntq;lfhryf;Nf];thkpahj tuh`&gpahj ehuhazNd. N`> efhjP\h> N`>uhkf;U\;z =dpth]> epdNf ek];fhutpuyp/52/]j;Gj;uTs;stU ghf;a\hypfS. Gj;u`pjU ghf;a`pdU.,J ep\;uaNt. fh;kgytd;d mDNghfp]{t ekNfNaDfjpA MFtJ. ]k;]hu ]Kj;utd;D jhLttp\ajy;yp m]f;juhfpj;NjNt. ve;J uh[Dg;U`];gjpahrhh;ahpNf N`sp ~zMjfspJ Gd`md;Dj;jhNd. aiy FUNt> ehD ahtNyhffspNfN`hFj;NjNdh mjth ma;Nah f;&uthj euff;NfN`Fj;NjNd/53/54/ aiy> KdpNa> Gj;uyhgjy;ypahtcghatNj vk;k uh[thf;aNfsp FUT uh[dpNfN`Sj;jhNd/55/N`> uh[];Nu\;lNd> af;Qtd;DkhLttdhF. M af;Qjy;yp epdNf Gj;uDcj;gd;ddhFj;jhNd. < g;ufhu FUtpd thf;atd;d];utzkhb af;QkhLtjf;Nf G+kpad;D N\hjNdkhb]pjD/56/ U~pfs ]^`fspe;jY g;uh`;kzuke;jfspe;jY G+ghyftd;d N\hjdkhLj;jpuY MG+kpnahsNf Mfh\uh[D ]`];j;u gj;ufSs;s te;Jfkytd;D fz;lD/57/ mde;ju uh[\;Nu\;lD]`];j;ugj;u (fky) td;Dfz;L ,J VD vk;jhfp- 45 -
M];th;ajpe;j t;ahg;jdhjD. tp];jPh;zthj gj;ufspy;ypkq;fsfuthj y~;kPa MfhuTs;s fkygj;uf;Nf ]hpahjNej;ufSs;s Fkhhpahj ehuhazdpe;j g;Nuhpjshj jd;d(uh[d) mj;U\;ljpe;j g;uhg;jshje;j fd;dpNfad;dfz;L ]e;Njh\Afj;j kd];]{s;stdhjD/58/ mde;juJf;f;pjdhj Mfh\uh[D Fkhhpad;D ifay;yp jf;nfhz;LM`h> ,J VD M];th;a k`dPathj =`hpa khNaAahupNf jpspAtjpy;y `;ahq;Nf `{l;bj;jS ahthfpNfnfhlyp ahthfp ]k;u~z khlj;ahS vd;J khjdhb]e;Njh\ghpjahjD/59/k`hghf;a\hypahjMfh\uh[dpNf < fd;dpNfA epdNf Gz;ag;ujSMFj;jhNs. g`{fPh;j;jpgyg;jshj < fd;dpNfad;D rd;dhfp]k;u~z khL ae;J Mfh]thzpA Eb]pj;J/60/`Pnfe;J Mfh\jy;yp cj;gd;dthj thzpad;d];utzkhb Mfh[uh[D mj;ae;j `h;gpjdhfp Mfd;dpNfad;D g;u`zh ]Pf;uthfp jd;d gj;dpad;D FwpJkhjdhbjD/61/(36)/(36) N`. k`hGj;jp]hypahjkq;fyfushj ];jphPNa ];utz khLttshF. Njthpe;jnfhly;gl;l ]{e;juthj < fd;dpNfad;D epd;d cjujy;ypcj;ggdhj Gj;hpae;J ]k;u~Nz khLte;jtshF/62/
jhdfsd;D cj;uthkute;Jgpl;L ]h;tjhdtd;DkhbjD/68/ e;Ug];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D ];dhdtd;Dkhb Gz;ah`thrdtd;D [hjfh;kjpad;d jj;~zjy;ypkhLttdhjD/69/ Mfh\uh[D `d;ndhe;jNd jpt]ehkfuztd;d khb M jpt]jy;yp g`{[d g;uh`;kzhpNfNgh[d ]e;jh;g;gnzad;D khb]{te;jtdhjD/70/( N`>uh[Nd> epd;d Gj;uD) Nyhfjy;yp t]{jhdndk;g ehkjpe;jg;u]pj;jae;J gb]{te;jtdhFj;jhnde;J Nfsp U~pfSg;u\;d khLj;jhNu. Kdp];Nu\;ldhj ]{jNd> Gj;udg;ughtd;D ];utz khly;gl;bJ. t;aNahdpfshjMfh\uh[d Gj;hpa ];utzkhly;gl;by;y. M kfspNfMfh\uh[D NaD ehkftd;dplJ? . ]{jKdpAN`Sj;jhNd> fkyf;Nf ]khdthj cjuTs;s gj;kjy;ypfh;gTs;s fkyjy;yp cj;gd;dshj cj;jk KfTs;s jd;dGj;hpNf y~;kPNjtpa `];jhjthj fhuz gj;khtjp ak;gjhfpMfh\uh[D ehkfuztd;d khbjD/71-72-73/Mfh]uh[D mgpdU myq;fh`pjU re;j;u-uNkae;Njhj;Gj,tU kf;fsd;D fz;L ]e;Njh\td;dn`he;jpj;jU/74/M Mfh\uh[dpe;j [d;kfspe;jkhb]y;gl;l ]g;jgyfS ve;J ,ugplJ ae;J ]{jDn]sdfhjpfspNf N`Sj;jhNd. [;Na\;lshj Gj;hpad;DGj;hpjUtha ];Nu\;ldhj Gj;udd;D. (37) / kd];]pdpe;j]e;Njh\u`pjdhjD. kj;J ]k;G+h;zthj Mde;j ]Kj;ugukf;udhjD. < g;ufhuthfp M fhyT N`hFj;jpuyhfp Mfd;dpNfA g;uhae;ue;Nj n`he;jpj;jS/75-76/Mfh\uh[D nastdjpe;j Af;jS tp];j;UjNdj;NuAMj gj;khtjpad;D fz;L rpe;NjnfhsfhjD. kj;JGj;jpaNfh];fu jpU\;bjde;j tutd;Dtprhhp]{ttdhjD/77/ ed;dpe;j Gj;hpA ahfpnfNfhly;gl;jf;fJ `Pnfe;J MNyhrNd ak;g]Kj;ujy;ypg;uhg;jdhj Mfh\uh[D g;uhatd;D iajpjgj;khtjpad;D fz;L Jf;fjpe;j ]e;jg;jdhjD. a\;Ltprhu khbjhf;A Nahf;adhj tutd;D iajypy;y. 78/Mfh\uh[D Gj;uD cgdadkhLtjf;Nf Nahf;adhjj;Jfz;L g;uh`;kzhpe;j cgdadtd;d khb]pjD.- 47 -
xe;jhndhe;J fhyjy;yp fkyje;Nj Nej;ufSs;sgj;khtjpA ]fpahpe;j Af;jshfp/79//Gz;afsd;D]k;ghjdkhLt ]Ythfp muz;atd;D FwpJfkdkhLttshjS. mde;ju M gaq;futhj tdjy;ypG\;gfsd;D muspUtjd;D Nehb t]e;jfhynte;Jjhpe;jNy ,\;L F]{kfS muspNtae;J M ]fpanuhlNdkhjhLj;j t;U~%ytd;D Nehb]p G\;gfsd;D njnfjS.mNj ]kajy;yp [lhjhhpA #spae;j ypg;jthjNj`Ts;stD fh;G+uf;Nf ]khdthj fhe;jpAs;stD MjKdpA t;Uj;jg;uh`;kzde;Nj &gTs;stdhfpg;uhg;jehjD. gj;khtjpA M ehujKdpad;D fz;Ltp];gajpe;j Af;jthj kd];]{s;stshfp fd;dpNfN`Sj;jhNd. N`> fd;dpnfaNu> M gaq;futhjtD ahU?,y;yp ahNf ge;jpUj;jhNd? tprhukhbhp ae;JMf;Qhg;juhjfd;dpNfaU NfSj;jhNu. N`> g;uhf;Qdhj g;uh`;kzNd>ePD ahU. ,y;ypNf VD fhuz g;uhjdhF te;jtdhfpj;jp/80-81-82-83/ M fd;dpNfau thf;atd;d ];utzkhbG+[;adhj ,d;nduL KdpA ]kPrPd trdtd;DMLj;jhNd. epk;ke;j cj;jk];jphpapNf ehD g;uj;a~thfpFyFUT. N`> gj;khtjpNa `];jtd;DNjhhp]{te;jtshF. epd;d Gj;ud ]hKj;hpf y~ztd;dN`Sj;NjNd. gj;khtjpA y[;N[ape;j N`. g;uh`;kzNd>NaD N`Sj;jp. ve;J khjdhbjS. /84-85/ ehujDkhjdhLj;jhNd. ePD ep;kythj kd];]pdpe;j ed;dd;Dgpj;UJy;ande;J jpspAte;jtshF U~pape; < g;ufhukhjdhb]p nfhsy;gl;l cj;jkshj gj;khtjpA `];jtd;Dnfhl;L k`hg;uhf;Qdhj FUNt edNf cz;lhfpUt];Nu\;lthj y~zfsd;D ]j;athfp N`SttdhF.mde;ju g;u`;kd ]hPuhpe;j cj;gd;ddhj ehujKdpA`h];akhLj;j gj;khjpa ghzpjstd;D NehbN`syhuk;gp]pjD/86-87/ N`> jh;kp\;lshj gj;khtjpNa>jphpNyhffspNf ];thkpahj ];hpag;gjpA epdNf gjpAMFj;jhNd. epd;d `];jfS fkyj jyje;Nj mjpNfhkyte;jhJ. epd;d ghjfS ];t];jpfjpe;jAf;jthfpj;jhNt.(38) /88/]{fT re;j;u\dpNf ]hkhd;athjMfhuTs;sj;jhfpNj. Nej;ufS fkyjkf;fpNahghjp]{e;juthfp NjhUj;jNt. eh]pfT jpyG\;gf;Nf ]hpahj- 48 -
MfhuTs;sjhfp g;ufh\pj;jNj/89/ epd;d fy;yfS fd;dbNf]khdthfpNt. epd;d `{g;GfS fhkdgpy;ypNf]khdthfpNj. KfT fhj;jpae;Nj ]{fe;jtNj. cjufSjhbkgyj gP[fse;Nj mNt/90/ mju Nu\;lTth;zTs;sj;jhfpNj. N`> ]{gfushj gj;khtjpNa> epd;d[p`;NtA mj;ae;j ghjfythfpNj. epd;d N`uS fg;ghfpAtf;uthj cq;FU$jyfspe;jY ]k;ge;jthfpg;ufh]p\{j;jNj/91/ epd;d yyhlT edpd kathj gP]{j;jfhe;jpae;Nj fhe;jpAs;sj;jhfpNj. epd;d fh;zfstpN]\thfp g;ufh\pj;JNj. epd;d Nj[]; G+[;athj Nj`T]hpahj `{g;Gfspe;j khd]hPuje;Nj ]{e;juthfpNj. fz;lT]{h;ad fpuzfspNf ]khdthfp jhk;G+yj u]td;DNjhhp]{te;jpNj. auL ];jdfS G\;lthfpNj eptplthfpAmy;gthfpA g;u`;kjthpe;j g;ufh\d khly;gl;ljhFmNt./92-93/ epd;d n`hl;NlA ghNs aNyae;NjjpsthfpNj. fd;dpNf ektpAs;sj;j mNj. epd;d N]hz;lT]pk;`d N]hz;lf;Nf ];jk;aTs;sjhfpNj/94/ N`>gj;khtjpNa> epd;d njhNlfS fjyp ];jk;gf;Nf]khdthfpNj. N`> g;uhf;QTs;stshfpNt. epd;dg;U\;lghfT NtjpNfae;nj g;ufh\p]{j;jpNj. ,e;jn]se;jh;a ,Utjf;Nf ePD VD Gz;akhbj;jp?/95/ N`>];Nu\;lshj G+[;ashj gj;khtjpNa> epd;d fkdT f[pjfkdje;Nj mNj. N`> n]sghf;athpNa> G+h;thh;[pjGz;ajpe;Nj ]h;tT n`he;jy;gl;bNj /96/`PNfNjt]p\;adhj gj;kjy;yp cj;gd;dshj M gj;khtjpad;dFwpJ ]k];j fd;dpnfaU NehLNehLj;jYmj;j\;adhjD/97/ M ehujU~pA kd];]pdpe;jy~;kPNjtpad;D ];Njhj;ukhLj;j y~;kPNjtpa ];uztd;Dj;ahdp]{j;j kd];]pdpe;j te;jdtd;D khb mde;jug;uahzkhbjD /98/ g;u`;kNjtu Gj;udhj ehujDgj;kjy;yp cj;gd;dshj gj;khtjpa ];Njhj;utd;d khbehuhazdpNf Mth]];jhdT kNdh`uT kq;fsfuT MjN]\hrytd;D FwpJ (my;ypj;j =epth] NjthpNfjpsp]{tjf;fhfp) fkdkhbjD/99/,jp=kj;gtp\;Nah;Nahj;u GuhNz Ntq;fNl\k`hj;k;Na ]\;Nlhj;aha:/6/------ 49 -
7]g;jNkhj;aha:------= y~;kP e;U]pk;` g;u]Pj(39) ]{jD N`Sj;jhNd> fd;dpNfa cj;gj;jpAN`sy;gl;bJ tpN]\thfp Gj;ud [ddT N`sy;gl;bJ.G]z;ahgpt;Uj;jpkhLt tpth`]k;ge;jp rhpj;Nuad;D]k;G+h;zthfp N`Sj;NjNd/1/ f[j ngd;dj;jp g;uhg;jdhj=fe;jjpe;j Nygdkhly;gll t~];jsTs;s mNdf]{h;afpNf ]khdthj fhe;jpAs;se;j =dpth]Dm];ttd;D Nahpnfhz;L ];Nu\;l ];jhpau ]kPgf;Nfg;uhg;jdhjD/2/ gj;khtjp nkhjyhj ];jphPaU fh;[dkhLj;jpUt f[uh[td;D Nehb t;U~td;D M];hpakhbnfhz;L M t;U~j`pe;Nj mlfpjU/3/ fd;dpNfaUfz;ZKr;rpnfhz;L tj;jl;bNf Fk;ghfp t;U~j`pe;Njepe;J fz;ZKr;Rj;j kj;J NjNfAjj Nehlyhuk;gp]pjU/4/]h;t fd;dpNfaU m\;lnuhsNf ]{e;juthj ghyfdpNf]khdthj fhe;jpAs;s uj;dhguzfspe;j G+\pjdhjkd;kjde;Nj Nj[];]{s;s GU\dpe;j Af;juhj m];ttd;DNehLte;jtuhjU. M f[uh[thjU m];tjy;yp FspjpUtFU ];Nu\;ldhj =dpth]dd;D Nehb ajhd;ahaek];fhu khb fh;[Nd khLj;j tdf;Nf g;uahz khbjmde;ju ]h;t fd;dpNfaU M =dpth]dd;D NehbM];th;ajpe;j t;ah$ythj kd];]{s;stuhfpxg;gud;Ndhg;gU if`plNfhz;L eLFj;jfpljNthl;bay;yp epe;Jnfhz;L jk;kjk;k xsNfmd;Dj;jhNu/5-6-7-8/ aiy ]{e;juhq;fp fkyje;NjNej;uTs;s ]fpNa> ,y;yp gUttdptdhU? < fpuhj&gTs;s GU\dd;D nkhjy ,y;yp ae;J Nehbje;Nj,Utjpy;y/9/ aiy ]fpNa> FJNua NkNy FspJnfhz;LgUj;jhNd ve;J mts ]fpaU M gj;khtjpAkhjdhLj;jpuY aiy n]sdfhjpfspuh> gj;khtjpa ]fpauKe;Nj nky;yNd N`syhuk;gp]pjU. N` ]fp> fpuhj&gpGU\d t;Uj;jhe;jtd;d gpj;Ukhj;Ufsd;D ge;Jfsd;DNj\td;D elNjad;d Fytd;D \Pytd;D `hNf- 50 -
ehkNfhj;u Ke;jhjj;jd;D Nfsphp ae;J ]fpahjgj;khtjpape;j Mf;Qhg;jshj ]fpaU g;uhg;jdhjGU\dd;D Nehb ePD ahU ahU? N` g;uNgh> ePD ahNfge;jpUtp. epd;d fhh;a NaD N`S ae;J me;jU/10-11-12-13/,y;yp GU\U ,y;y ebeb ae;J me;jU. FjNua NkNyFspjpUt GU\D M ];jphPau ep\;Lu ghN\ad;D Nfsp M];jphPahpNf N`Sj;jhNd/14/N`> fd;dpNfahpuh> uh[Gj;hpa]kPgjy;yp fhh;aT mNj. < g;ufhu M =dpth]dthf;atd;D ];utzkhb (40) M ];jphPaU Gd`md;Dj;jhNu/15/VDfhu;aT epd;d kd];]pdy;yp VD mNj ]Pf;uthfpN`S> epd;d th]];jsT ay;yp> epd;d ehkNjaNaD ?epdNf jhap ahU je;jp ahU epd;d mz;zjk;ke;jpuhUepd;d jq;fpahU ? epd;d Fy (ahtJ? epd;d Nfhj;uahtJ?`PNf M fd;d;pNfau thf;atd;d ];utzkb [fjP];tuDN`Sj;jhNd/16-17-/ N`> fd;dpNfahpuh> nkhjYfd;ahNgN\Na Kf;a fhh;athfpNj. mJ Mj NkNy Ke;jpdt;Uj;jhe;j N`Sj;NjNd. QhdpfS ek;k Fytd;Dre;j;uFynte;J N`Sj;jhNu/18/ edNf t]{NjtDje;NjahfNtF. NjtfpA jhahfNgF. gyuhkD edNfmf;u[D. ]{gj;NuA edNf jq;fpahfNgF/19/ N`>fd;dpNfahpuh> ed;d mh;[{dD \hyfdhfNgF. ghz;ltUedNf ghe;jtuhfNgF. ek;k jhapNf k`hj;kuhj\l;]q;f;auhj ehkkhj;uTs;sGj;uU `{l;b kuztd;Dn`he;jpj;jU. mde;ju MU ke;jpkf;fs tpNahfjpe;j]e;jg;jshj NjtfpA VsNdatdhj gyuhkdd;Dg;u]{jshjS. gpj;U N`hypNf ,j;jtdpNf gyuhknde;Jehktd;dpl;lU.20-21/ ehD az;lNdatD. m\;lkpjpjpay;yp cj;gd;ddhNjD. mde;ju ]{gj;NuAcj;gd;dshjS. ed;d [d;kT f;Uzg~jy;yp MapJ.N`> fd;dpNfaNu> jhapape;Nj f;Uzth;zahfpj;jjhpe;jf;U\;znde;J ehkfuztd;D khbjU. ehkjpe;jYth;zjpe;jY f;Uzdpj;jjhpe;j QhdpfS f;U\;znde;JN`Sj;jhNu/22-23/ N`> Mfh\uh[d Gj;hpNa> ]k];jt;Uj;jhjT ed;dpe;j N`sy;gl;bJ. ];UjT MapJ. epd;dt;Uj;jhe;jtd;D Nfhj;u. ehkNja Fy Ke;jhjj;JN`sy;glyp/24/- 51 -
`PNf =dpth]dpe;j Mf;Qhg;jshj uh[Gj;hpAN`sj;jhNs. N`> ep\hjhjpgNd> ed;dd;D Mfh\uh[dGj;hpae;J jpspAte;jtdhF/25/ N`> fpuhNje;j;uNd>gj;khtjpae;J ed;d ehkT. re;j;uFy. mj;h Nfhj;uT. aiyf;U\;zNd> ]Pf;uthfp n`huL. N`hFte;jtdhF ve;JN`spjS/26/ mde;ju ==dpth]D md;Dj;jhNd> N`>gj;khtjpNa. ,\;L ep\;LukhJ ahNf? k;UJghN\ ahNfMLtjpy;y. NyhfnjhsNf md;dhNgN~ahj GU\dpNfahtkD];a ];Nu\;lD md;d nfhLj;jhNdh /27/MkD\;aD Gz;atd;D n`he;Jj;jhNd. [yjhdkhLttdhjU Gz;atd;D n`he;Jj;jhNd. `hNf ehDfhkhNg\pjhfpj;NjNd. kj;J mtpNthfpahjfpuhjNd> mthr;r trdtd;D MLj;jp. gJFt tp\ajy;ypepdNf ,r;Nr ,y;nye;J NjhUj;jNj. Mfh\uh[Depd;dd;D fz;lNu ]k;`hu khLtD ]k;\atpy;y. /30/Mfh\uh[D ay;ypatNuNf gUtjpy;yNth mjnuhsfhfpePD ]Pf;uthfp ];tfPa f;U`f;Nf fkdkhL ae;J Nfsp=`hpA md;Dj;jhNd> N`> gj;khtjpNa> fhh;athjNkNykuzT ]Pf;untenNjdp]{tJ fhh;au`pjdpNf [fj;Jj;Uzkhd thFtJ/31/M uh[\;Nu\;lD md;ahaf;Nfg;ut;Uj;jdhfp e;ahajpe;jpj;j ed;dd;D `;ahNf ]k;`hukhLj;jhNd? N`> k`p]{Nj> Njtp> ePD tpth` ,y;yjfd;dpNfA. ehD tpth` ,y;yj tudpj;NjNd. ,juy;ypNaD md;ahatNj? Ae;J NfsY mjf;Nf cj;juN`Sj;jhNs> N`> ^lNd> NfS. ghyghtjpe;j t;ah;jthfpmj;ar;a trd MLtjhpe;j NaD g;uNah[dT .Mfh\uh[dhjU epd;dd;D Nehb epflk;gjtd;D khb]pfhuhf;U`jy;yp ,LtD. Aiy ^h;f;f. epfljy;ypge;jpj;jdhFtp ehD Ke;Nj MFtjd;D N`Sj;NjNd. ve;JNfsp =dpth]D md;Dj;jhNd. [fj;FUthj ehDkuztd;D jp];uap]pNa f;hPb]Ngnfe;JFJ}`yTs;stdhfpNa ,y;ypNf ge;jpj;NjNd/32-33-34/- 52 -
cj;gd;ddhjtdpNf G+h;t[d;kj gytd;d mD]hp]pkuzT ];jputhfpUtJ. Jh;k\;ldhj Mfh\uh[Depuhguhjpahj ed;dd;D `;ahq;Nf ]k;`hukhLttdhjhD/35/gj;khtjpA md;DtS> N`>epghj\;Nu\;lNd> `hNf khlNgl. epdNfuh[\;Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[d Mdp mNj `hFtuh`^h;jpahj =`hpa `hNf uq;fdhj Ntq;flhryjy;ypth]khbj Ntq;fNl\ ,tnuy;yu \gjtnje;J jpspJ/36/epd;d g;uhzfsd;D ]k;u~Nz khbnfhs;SttdhF.N`> k`hgh`{]hypNa> ];tf;U`f;Nf N~kjpe;jfkdkhLte;jtdhF.`PNf M Njtpape;j Nghjpjdhjf;A ep\hjhf;Ujpahj`a]jddhj =dpth]D gj;khtjpa thf;atd;djpu];fhu khb Gd` Ke;jf;Nf ge;jD/37/ =dpth]DFJNuad;D Ke;jf;Nf `hfpj;jd;D fz;L M gj;khtjpAmd;DtS. N`> tdruNd> khjhgpj;Ufsd;D ghe;jtud;Dghj;Unkhjyhjtud;D j;ahfkhb mdhj kuztd;DiaNjhzjhpe;j epdNf NaD gy gUj;jNj. T;ah;jthfpfhNfs ghypfp N`hFj;jp. < g;ufhu gj;khtjpa thf;atd;D];utzkhb fkyh~D mtspNf N`Sj;jhNd/38-39/g;u`;kNjthpe;j (ed;d yhyhljy;yp) Nyfd khby;gl;lM fh;kT t;ah;j thFtjpy;y. N`> gj;khtjpNa> [aNtMfyp mjth m[aNt Mfyp epd;dy;yp Nghftd;dkhLj;NjNd/40/ `PNf (42) Nghjpjshfp Nfhgjpe;jjhk;uthj Nej;ufSs;s gj;khtjpA ]fpahpe;j ]`pjshfp[fj;jpNf fhuzG+jthj =dpth]dd;D [thp]{j;j`];jjy;yp gh\hzfsd;D njNfJnfhz;Lg;uhg;jshjS/41/ M NkNy M gj;khtjpA g;ufugh\hzfspe;j =dpth]dd;D jhld khbjS.\pyhth;\fspe;j jhbjthj m];tuh[T G+kpNkNygPSte;jhj;jhapJ/42/mde;ju =dpth]D g;uhzj;ahftd;D khbjm];ttd;D fz;L gply;gl;l Nf\fSs;stdhfp ]k];jjpf;Ffsd;D NkNy NkNy NehLj;j g;uhe;jde;Nj jpUFj;jkj;J
;;GU\de;Nj [df;Nf Njhhp]{t Ntq;flgh;tjjN\hghdfsd;D MNuh`z khb jd;d ty;kPff;Nf ge;Jmy;ypj;j `h]pNfaNkNy g;usafhyjy;yp tlgj;ujy;yp`;ahq;Nf \ad khbjNd `hNf \ad khbjD/45/,jp =gtp\;Nahj;uGuhNz Ntq;fNl\ k`hj;k;Nafh;dhlfp Bfhahkfhahk;; ]g;jNkhj;ahaj;aha (7)--------8m\;lNkhj;aha:= y~;kPe;U]pk;` g;u]Pj:(42) ]{jD N`Sj;jhNd> N`> n]sdfNd>FzG+h;zdhj =dpth]D gh;afjy;yp ]adkhbjD. mNj]kajy;yp kq;fsfuthj M gFyhNjtpA mtd N]NtkhlNgnfe;J ge;jS/1/ gf;jpghtjpe;j Af;jshj gFyhtjpA=dpth]dpNf Ngh[dkhb]Ngnfe;J ]{g g;Ug u]fspe;jAf;jthj gl;tpjthj md;dtd;D njnfJnfhz;Lg;uhg;jshjS /2/ ty;kPf g;uNj\td;D M];uap]pj]adkhbj jPh;jrhN]hr;rth]fspe;j Af;jdhjNej;Nuhjfspe;j ]`pjdhj kj;J NuhjdkhLj;jpUtgh\zkhlNj ,j;j y~;kPgjpad;d Nehb gFyhNjtpAmd;dj;jhNs> N`> GU\];N;u\;l> =dpth]Nd> ahNf]adkhLj;jpj;jp NaS NaS/3-4/ ae;J `fY ]adkhbjtdy;y. N`> =dpth]Nd> ae;J mj;jtdy;y . epdNf< Jf;fT ahNf? ahNf Jf;fTs;stde;Nj NjhUj;jp?/5/N`>];thkpNa> kd];]pdy;NydpUtJ M Jf;ffhuztd;Dajhh;j ]fpjthfp N`S. N`> f;hPlhjp Fztp\p\;ldhj=dpth]Nd> gukhd;dtd;D khb je;jpj;NjNd.Ngh[dkhLtjf;Nf gUte;jtdhF/6/ gFyhtjpa
khjdhlNj ,Ut =dpth]dd;D fz;L VdN`sj;jhNs/7/(43) N`> f;U\;zNd> tdjy;yp NaD Nehbjp? ahNf ];thkpNa. ePD Jf;f`PddhjU Jf;fpae;NjahNf NjhUj;jp/8/ =dpth]Nd epd;d kd];pdy;ypj;jmgpg;uhatd;D N`S. M ]z;zkhjd;D N`Nf N`sypae;J ed;dy;yp FUj;t khlNgl. epd;d nkhfjmgpg;uhatd;d N`spj;jNu epdNf Njtfp t]{Njt gyuhkuNfhsutNj /9/ =fpU\;zNd> Ngh[d khlNjapj;j epd;Dfz;L Jf;fthFj;jNj. ]h;tNyhfj Jf;f eh\khLtGz;a^h;j;jp epdNf ek];fhu tpuyp/10/ Njt];Nu\;ldhj=f;U\;zNd (ePD NgNlahly;ypf;Nf N`hfpj;jpNah)my;yp aht ];jphP Ngl;NlahjS. mtS khD\pNah mjthfhe;jh;tpNah. ahthfpa ]q;fktd;D u~p]p [fj;FUNt> ,JedNf jpspaJ/12/ N`> [fj;gjpahj =dpth]Nd> Mfhh;atd;D N`Ste;jtdhF. ~zkhj;ujy;yp khLj;NjNd.Muz;ajy;yp fk;Uftd;D fz;L mQ;[pjtdhfpUtpNah?mjth f;&udhj Nfhud;D fz;L gPjdhfpUtpNah/13/(ma;Nah ed;d ghuypNf) gp\hrp ghNjNah mjthG+jghNjNah mjth g;Nuj fz;L mQ;[pjpNa? ukhgNjehdhpaS. G];gjpe;j ke;jphp]p ae;j;u ^hpfhjpfsd;D khbehD ]h];j;uhD]hu M ]h;ttd;D gPb]{j;NjNd.`PNf Nghjpjdhjhf;A =dpth]D ]{k;kdhfY Mf;NagFNyA juy;gl;l Ngh[d gjhh;jtd;D my;yp ,l;L=dpth]d ]kPgf;Nf g;uhg;jshfp ]ad khbj [fj;gjpahj=dpth]d ghj]k;th`td;D khb =dpth]dpNf]khjhd N`Sj;j ]h;thq;f ngthpe;j Nj`td;D jNyatNuF iffspe;j tNu]{j;j Ngh[d khL NaSae;JMNfape;j gf;jpape;j Nghjpjdhjhf;A ukhgjpA ahthf;Nfkhjdhlypy;Ny Mf;Nf M gFyhkhypNfA Nffjpe;j`hpad;D Nghjp]{j;jhNs/14-15-16-17-18/ Gd` gFyhtjpAJk;g n`hj;Jnfhz;L t];j;utd;D NgNu khb `];jjy;ypfz;zPud;D thp]p NjthjpNjtdhj [fj;jpNf ];thkpahj- 55 -
GU\];Nu\;ldhj f;U\;zNf epd;d kd];]pdy;yp,j;jj;jd;D N`spjNu khLj;NjNd. < tp\ajy;yptprhuNzZ khl$lJ./ N`> Ntq;fNl\Nd> ajhh;jthfpepd;d kd];]pdy;ypUtjd;D y[;N[ kj;J gaglNjN`S/19-20/ edNf ay;ypa tNuNf ]hkh;j;aT ,Uj;jNjNahmy;yptNuNf mtfh\tpy;yNj epd;d kd];]pdy;ypUtmNgN~ad;D G+h;z khLj;NjNd. `Pnfe;j M gFyhtjpathf;atd;d ];utzkhb (44) mde;ju =dpth]DmjpJf;fjpe;j ep\;L]pU`hFj;j kd];]pdy;yp ,Utjd;Dnky;y nky;;yNd N`syhuk;gp]pjD. /21/N` gFyhtjpNa. fe;jh;Gj;hpA U~pGj;jhpFuh~]];jphPA ed;dd;D Nkh` gb]ypy;y. gp\hrfSG+jfS g;NujfS edNf gatd;D khljf;fTfsy;y.22/muz;ajy;ypj;j f;&u k;UffS my;ypj;j NrhuU edNfganfhLtjf;Nf ae;jpF ]kh;j;juy;y. ahnfe;jNu ed;d ehk];kuzkhj;ujpe;Nj ,T j\hjpf;Ffsd;D FwpJgyhgdkhLj;NjNt/23/ mJfsNjN\ape;j edNf gatpy;y.N`> gFyhNjtpNa. k;Uj;AtpNf ehD k;Uj;AT. ed;dpe;jgj;khtjpak;g ehkTs;s uh[d;dpNfA Nehly;gl;bj;jhNs/24/M gj;khtjpad;D fz;L ed;d kd];]{ fhkjpe;jNkh`pjthfp g;uhe;jpad;D n`he;jpNj. N`. gFyhtjpNa>]{&gpahj ]{e;jhpahj ]kPrPd g;uNjrTs;s ePythjKf;FUSspe;j N\hgpjshj N\hl\ fNyfspe;j G+h;zthjre;j;udpNf ]khdshj N\hl]th;\fshj ePykhzpf;aje;Njg;ufh\khd Nj`Ts;s ]h~hj; y~;kPNjtpNf ]khdshjM fd;dpNfad;D edNf flNd khL/25-26/[d;k[d;kjy;yp ]k;ghjp]y;gl;l Gz;ajpe;j MNfAg;uhg;jshFj;jhNs. N`< ]{NyhrNd> epd;d jh;\zjpe;jed;d Gz;aT gf;fthapnje;J jpspAj;NjNd/27/md;dghdjpe;j u`pjdhj [lkjpad;D n`hh;jhfpkhD\Nj`n`he;jpj;j aht GU\D M fd;dpNfad;Dj;ahf khlyhuD/28/ aiy kpj;uNs> edNf mts yf;dNtMfNj N`hjNu < mdpj;a Nj`jpe;j VD g;uNah[dT> M]{e;ju mtatTs;s Mfh\uh[d Fkhhpad;D flNdkhL/29/ N` tuhdNd. ehD \pyhth;\fspe;j mtspe;jjhbjdhNj. kj;J ed;d m];tT \pyht;U\;bfspe;j`jthapJ. MjU M gj;khtjpad;D gpl;L gJfyhNuD]j;ante;J jpspAttshF. M gj;khtjpa ]YthfpNa- 56 -
Ntq;flhryjy;yp ehD [Ptdkhbj;NjNd. gj;khtjpa]YthfpNa ed;d mtjhuthfpUj;jNj. G+h;t[d;kjy;ypehD NaD ghg khb;NjD. Gj;udhj g;u`;kD edNf VDtpNuhjpahfpj;jhNdh/31/ j;U\;b `Pddhtpjpape;j ];Nu\;lfd;dpNfA ];U\;b]y;gl;bj;hNs. mdha]thfp edNf Mfd;dpNfA yg;a thFtS. `PNf ed;d Gj;jpNfNjhUj;jNj/32/ G+h;tjy;yp Nfhujh;\dTs;s ed;d ghgTg;u`;kdpe;j N`Nf Nehly;gl;bNjNah M ghgf;dd;D]hp]p g;u`;kD flNdad;d khLtjpy;y/33/ N`gFyhNjtpNa> ed;d ghff;Nf ePNd g;u`;kD Mj;jhpe;j]`hatd;d khL. Aiy> ];jPaNs. ePD ]`hakhlNjN`hjNu Mf;Nf edNf kuzT ep];rante;JjpspAttshF/34/ aiy fd;dpNfNa> kuztd;dn`he;JttdpNf gJFtjf;Nf ]`hatd;D aht kD\;a];Nu\;lU khLj;jhNuh M kD\;aU tpkhdnjhsNfFspJnfhz;L Gz;akhh;fjpe;j ];th;f;f Nyhftd;Dn`he;Jj;jhNu.(45) (35) `PNf jh;khhj;j tprhhp]p jh;kkhhh;ftd;DM];uap]p. tpN]\thfp N`Stjype;j NaD g;uNah[dT?M gj;khtjpa ]q;ftd;D ]hjp]{/36/ N`> gFyhNjtpNa .< t;ahsaf;Nf ePD edNf jhapA je;jpA ]N`hjuD khJyDg;u`;yhjD mf;UuD ePNd. jUkuh[D fN[e;j;uD ePNd.edNf gf;jdhj cj;jtD. mh;[{dD ePNd. `hNfgyprf;uth;jpA m[hkpsD j;nusgjpA edNf gf;jdhjtpgP\zD ePNd/37-38/ ,tnuy;yU g;uhz]khd gf;jU,tun`hh;j;J md;a ahtgf;jU ,UtNuh> mtnuy;yUN`> gFyhNjtpNa. ePNd < fhh;atd;D ePNd khLte;jtshF/39/ epd;dd;D Nehb ed;d kd];]{ ]h;tfhyjy;ypA`h;\td;D iaJj;jNj. aiy ];jPans> ed;d Jf;feh\hh;jthfpNa `hpape;j ];U\;lshfpUtp/40/ (,\;L];ukgl;L epdNf tpth` khbjNu ednfhe;J gynte;jNuNfS) ]`];j;uNfhb Nfhfsd;D `j;J]`];j;um];tfsd;D j;Jth;z jpyfsd;D jhdkhLtJ tpth`khLtJ < ntuL ]khd gyTs;sj;jhfpUtJ /41/fd;dpNfad;D NehbjNu epd;d kd];]{]e;Njh\n`he;Jj;jNj. ,jf;F ]k;]aNgl . `PNf =`hpape;jNghjpjshj gFyhtjpA md;Dj;jhNs /42/ aiy- 57 -
[fjhjhuNd> aht fd;dpNfad;D NehbjpNah mtSay;ypUtS? Aiy> Nfhtpe;j. fUzhepjpNa>fkdkhLj;NjNd. M khh;ftd;D N`S/43/ N` Nf\t> Mfd;dpNfA G+h;t [d;kjy;yp ahtNfA. ,jf;Nf ahNfG+kpnahsNf [dp]pjS. MNfa ]h;t fNjad;d ]j;ajpe;jN`S /44/ `PNf MNfa gh\z Nfsp g;u`;kUj;uhpe;jte;j;ahte;j;ah ghjfkyTs;s =`hpA G+Njtp kpj;ushjgFyhtjpNf nky;yNd N`syhuk;gp]pjD /45/ N`gFyhNjtpNa> gj;khtjpa g+h;t [d;kj kq;fsfuthjcj;gj;jpad;D ];utzkhL. j;NujhAfjy;yp uhk&gjpe;jmtjhutd;D khbj;Nj/46/ Mf;Nf N`> gFyhNjtpNa>je;Njahj j\ujuh[d jhapahj ifNfapNjtpa thf;atd;D];utzkhb mD[dhj y~;kzdpe;j ghh;ashj ]PNjape;j]`pjdhfp jz;lfhuz;a tdf;Nf N`hfpj;NjD/47/G+h;tjy;yp [dhpNf fz;lfdhj uhtzndk;g uh~]D]k];j NyhffspNf ];thkpahj uhkre;j;ud gj;dpahj]PNjad;D `uzkhbnfhz;L yq;fhgl;lzf;NfN`hfNgnfe;J cj;Af;jdhjD.( Mf;Nf =uhkre;j;uDkhhPrndk;g uh~]d ]k;`huf;fhfp nkhjy N`hfpj;jD)y~;kzD ]PNjape;j g;Nuhpjdhfp mf;u[dhj uhkre;ju]kPgf;Nf g;uahz khbjD /48/ uh~]];Nu\;ldhjuhtzD uhky~;kzU ,y;yj ]katd;D Nehb ]Pf;uthfp]PNjad;D tpkhdjy;yp Fs;sphp]pnfhz;L N`hfNgnfe;Jcj;Af;jdhjD.(46) M fhyjy;yp ]PjhNjtpA `h uhk `h uhft ae;jNuhjd khLttshjS /49/ M ]PNjA Nuhjd j;tdpape;jmuz;a kj;ajy;ypUt muz;ath]pfS g;ujp j;tdpad;DkhbjU ]PjhNjtpa M Nuhjd j;tdpapad;D mf;dpNjtdhjU ];utzkhb ghjhy Nyhfjpe;j G+Nyhff;Nfguhj;gudhfp ]PjhNjtpad;D aNja;aAr f;UjdhjuhtzdpNf ];ty;G ed;d khJ NfS vd;J N`spghgp\;ldhj uhtzdpe;j kj;J ]PNjape;j ]`pjdhfp mf;dpghjhy Nyhff;Nf N`hFt khhf;fjy;yp ehehtpjthjthf;a]^`fspe;j uhtzdd;D Nghjd khbjD/50/51-52/N` uh~];Nu\;ldhj uhtzNd> < ];jPA [dfGj;hpA my;y.g;uh`;kzd gj;dpA uhkre;j;uD epd;d gajpe;j[hdfPad;D ed;d ]kPgjy;yp ,l;L y~;kz ]Nkjdhfp- 58 -
tdjy;yp ]Q;rhu khLj;jhNd. N`> \p\;adhj guk];Nu\;ldhj cjhu FzTs;s uhtzNd> ve;J N`sp Mukh&gshj ]PjhNjtpad;D Muhjp]NgF j;tNuape;j jd;dNyhff;F N`hfp M ]PjhNjtpad;D jd;d gj;dpahj];th`hNjtpa ]d;dpjhfjy;y;p ,l;L mde;juNk\th`ddhj mf;dpA ]PjhNjtpNf ]khjhdthjMf;UjpAs;s Ntjtjp vk;gtsd;D khNaape;j eph;khz khb]Pjhf;UjpAs;s M ];jPhpasd;D Njhhp]p uhtzd;D]e;Njh]p]{ttdhfp N`> uhtzNd < ]PNjad;dnjnfJnfhz;L N`hF ve;J N`sp mde;ju `udy;ypAmf;dpay;ypA uhtzdpnf mjp\athfp tp];thrT`Nuhzjhpe;j mf;dptrdtd;d ];utzkhb khah]PNjad;D ep[ ]PNjae;J mf;Qhdjpe;j jpspjtdhfpNkh`jpe;j jh;gpjdhj uhtzD yq;fh gl;lzf;Nf N`hfpmN\hftdjy;yp ]pk;]{gh t;U~j nfsNf ,e;jtp\;ldhj]Pjhf;Ujpad;d M uhtzD ,l;L fhuzdhkfgukhj;kdpe;j g;Nuupjdhj uhtzD ehDf;uf;j;adhj;Njnde;J jpspjD./53-54-55-56-57-58-59/mde;ju [fj;gjpahj uhkre;j;uD yq;fh gl;lzf;NfN`hfp uh~]]^`jpe;j Af;jdhj ePrdhj uhtzdd;D]k;`hukhb ]PNjad;D iajp mNahj;ah gl;lztd;DN`he;jpj;jD/60/ mde;ju Nyhfhgthjjpe;j ]PNjad;Dmf;dpay;yp g;uNt\khb ]Pjht;Uj;jhe;jtd;D fz;L jd;d];jPhPad;D NfSj;jhNd/61/ N` ]PNjNjtpNa epd;d&gje;Nj &gTs;s epdNf ]khdshj M ];jphPas;D ahUepd;d `hNf NjhUj;jpUt ]{e;jhpahj M n]sghf;atjpAed;dpe;j jpspay;glypy;y /62/uhkfe;j;dpe;j `PnfNghjpjshfp [hdfpA khjdhLj;jhNs. (47) N`uhkre;j;uNd> fhuztpy;yNj ed;d Jf;fT jah\Pyshj M];jphPape;j mDgtp]y;gl;bJ /63/ < ];jphPA NtjtjpehkfshjtS. jhD mf;dpgj;dpahj ];th`hNjtpa]kPgjy;ypj;jtS. N` uhkre;j;uNd> M Ntjtjpad;Dtpth`tpjpG+h;tf mq;fPfhukhL/64/ < g;ufhu]PjhNjtpathf;atd;D ];utzkhb uhkre;j;uD N`Sj;jhNd> N`>]PNjNa>
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]{fhrhh;ad ]kPgf;Nf N`hfp ]jhtpth`hNhN~ As;sghyfdhj =dpth]dpe;j ]h\;lhq;f ek];fhutd;Dkhly;gl;le;j M =dpth]d fhh;aj;jN\ape;jg;Nuhpjshfpj;NjNd. ed;d =dpth]d mgP\;ltd;DG+h;zkhnle;J N` gFyhtjpNa `PNf ]{fhrhh;ahpNf N`spmde;ju gj;k]Nuhtutd;d n`he;Jttshfp my;ypf;U\;zuhkU ,Uj;jhNu. gf;jpghtjpe;j Muhkf;U\;zud;D ek];fhp]p N` gFyhNjtpNa>gj;k]Nuhtjy;yp cj;gd;dthj fkyfspe;j ed;dfy;ghzf;fhfpNa G+[h khLte;tshF. Ahnfe;jNu edNf Muhkf;U\;zU g;uhj;Ufnse;J ]k;kjuhfpUj;jhNu. mde;ju];th;zKfhpehkf ejpad;d jhb my;yp N` fkyhdNdfy;ahzp> fd;ahflNdfhfp M ]{th;zKfhp ejpagHPj;jPj;athfp ]`ha thfpz Ke;jhj;jd;d khL. my;ype;jepd;d kd];]pNf ge;je;Nj N`hF. ve;J NjtNjfspNf];thkpahj [fj;jpNf gjpahj =dpth]dpe;j Mf;Qhg;jshjgFyhNjtpA N]\hryjpe;j ,spJ nky;y nky;yNdN`hF te;jtshjS /76-77-78-79-80/mde;ju gFyhtjpA =dpth]dpe;j N`NfN`sy;gl;bNjh `hNf M fhh;atd;d khLj;jh MgFyhtjpA m];ttd;D MNuh`z khbnfhz;L]{th;zKfhp ejpad;D jhb mf];j;a U~pa M];ukf;Nfg;uhg;jshfp my;yp gj;khtjpa ]fpaud;D NehbjS. Mgj;khtjpa ]fpaU mf];j;Na];tud Njthyajy;ypmf];j;Na];tud jh;\df;fhfp ]pthyaf;Nf g;uhg;juhfpj;jU.my;yp gFyhtjpA ];Nu\luhj fd;dpNfaud;d Nehb ePTahnue;J g;u\;dkhbjS. M gFyhtjpape;jkhjdhb]pnfhsy;gl;l M fd;dpNfaU ajhh;jthfp ehT ]h;tfhyjy;ypA Mfh\uh[d ]fpagjtpypujf;ftU.epe;d jpt] FJNuNak;NkNy FspJnfhz;L kd;kjde;NjMfhuTs;s ahtNd xg;g GU\D gj;khtjpa ]kPgjy;ypg;uhg;jdhfpj;jD. fpuhjNt\jpe;j N]hgp]pj;jpUt MGU\dd;D ehnty;yU NehbNjT. gj;khtjpA MGU\dd;D Nehb gajpe;j [;tu ge;J ikNkNy ar;rhpy;yNjkypfpUj;jhNs. MNfa [;tu ]he;ah;jthfp uh[uhf;NQape;jehT ,y;ypj;NjNt. Gm];j;Na];tud mgpN\ff;fhfp
Fspjpj;NjNt. ,d;D ehT fd;ah&gshfpj;j epdd;DNehLj;NjNt.. < tpjj khjd;D Nfsp gFyhtjpAmd;Dj;jhNs> /84/-85-86-87/ N`> fd;dpNfahpuh>fpuhj&gpahj GU\D mtd;ahU epk;k ]kPgjy;yp ahNfg;uhg;jdhfpj;jD . M GU\ ]h;t rhpj;Nuad;DN`Ste;jtuhfphp/88/(49) (fd;dpNfaU N`Sj;jhNu) gj;khtjpape;j]`pjthj ehT xk;Nk tdf;Nf ge;jpj;NjT. Mtdkj;ajy;yp G\;gfsd;D njnfAtjf;Nf Muk;gp]pNjT.M tdjy;yp mj;Gjthj m];ttd;D MNuh`zkhbje;jxg;g GU\D g;uhg;jehjD. mde;ju ehT ePd;ahU> ahNf,y;ypNf ge;jpUj;jp ae;J khjdhlY ek;k Nfhgjpe;jmthr;atrdT M GU\dpe;j Ebay;gl;bJ./89-90/ Mmth];athr;atd;D ];utzkhb Mfh\uh[d Gj;hpANfhgTs;stshfp `hNf me;jS. M gj;khtjpF `hFfpuhjdpF fy` g;uhg;jthapJ. Mfhyjy;yp M fpuhjdm];tT gh\hzghzfspe;j g;Ujtd;nda;jp G+kpay;ypgPSte;jhj;jhapJ. M fpuhjD m];ttd;D gpl;Lnfhl;Lcj;uhjpf;fpNf mgpKfdhfp N`hFte;jtdhjD/91-92/fpuhj&gp GU\d N`hFj;jpuY gj;khtjpA ^h;NraNkNygpj;jS. mde;ju ehT gj;thjpad;D ahdjy;ypFs;sphp]pnfhz;L uh[Guf;Nf ge;NjT/93/ uh[DahNdnjhsNf FspJ ge;j Gj;hpad;D Nehb fpd;ddhfprpe;Njape;j M Gj;hpad;D njhnlaNkNy `hfpnfhz;LghN\ad;dhbj;Nj ,j;j ]e;Njh\`Pdthj Kftd;DNehLj;j kj;J NuhjdkhLj;j ed;d Gj;hpNf [fd;eh\fthjm]hj;agaT VdhfpUtJ . M gaj eh\td;Dg;U`];gjpA jpspAj;jhNd ve;J Nahrp]p my;ypNfGj;udd;D fS`p g;U`];gjpad;D ]Pf;uthfpfsp]{te;jtdhjD/94-95/Mfh\uh[d thf;atd;D Nfsp g;U`];gjpAG+jyf;Nf ge;J [hf;uNjape;j uh[ke;jpuf;Nf g;uhg;jdhjD.N`hj[PtD Gd` guY v\;L mde;jthFj;jNjh `hNfge;jpUt g;U`];gjpad;D fz;L uh[D Kf;athfp ed;d]{f;Uj ghpgf;tthapnje;J jpspJ mthpNf uj;dkathjM]dtd;D nfhl;L ]{jhdthfpUt mh;f;a > ghj;ah> fe;j>- 62 -
G\;g> J}g> jPg> Ngh[dhe;ju cgfhufspe;j G+[p]pg;uh`;kz ];Nu\;ldhj FUtpNf Mjpj;atd;D khbMfh\uh[D Gj;hpNf VD MfpUtJ. Tprhukhbhp ae;JEbj uh[thzpad;D Nfsp ]j;FUthj g;U`];gjpAuh[dd;D Mde;jgb]{t khjhLj;jhNd/96-97/ N`Mfh\uh[Nd > epd;d kfspNf ];jphPaNsg;U`];gj;ahrhh;ahpe;j Mf;Qhg;jthfp g;uh`;kzU\pthgpN\ff;fhfp g;uhh;j;jpjuhfpj;jhNu. M g;uh`;kzu]q;fl ifyh\gjp ke;jpuf;Nf g;uhg;juhfpj;NjNt.gFyhtjpA M ];jphPau thf;atd;D ];utzkhb]e;Njh\jpe;j g;hPjshfp md;Dj;jhNs. ];thDgtTs;st;ahgfdhj Guhz GU\dhj =dpth]d k`pNkad;DehD jpspaypy;y. Mde;jG+h;tfdhj KFe;jdd;DGj;unde;J jpspJ edNf tpah;jthfp ehNdD ^h;fS ve;J Nahrp]pjS/102-103/fd;dpNfaU NfSj;jhNu. ghNy. ePndy;ypNfN`hFj;jp> ahNf ,y;yp ge;jp? Aiy ]{e;jhp> epd;dmgpkhdtd;D N`S. `PNf fd;dpNfahpe;j gh\pjshfpgFyhtjpA md;Dj;jhNs. N`> ]h;t fd;dpNfahpuh> ed;dthf;atd;D tprhutpy;yNj ];utzkhbhp. ehD=dpth]dpNf ]hk;g;ujf;Nf N]tfshfpj;NjNd/4-5/uh[ghh;ashj juzpNjtpa ]^ff;Nf ed;d fhh;aT,Uj;jNj. md;a Nj\thpfspe;j jpt;athj ehuhazGuntk;g gl;lzT g;uNt\khlypf;Nf m]hj;thje;jhj;jJ/6/ epk;k]q;fl M gl;lzj mukNdnahsNf- 63 -
g;uNt\khLj;NjNd. `PNf me;J M gFNyA M fd;dpNfau]q;fl Mfh\ih[d gl;lztd;D g;uNtr khbjS/7/ MgFyhtjpA < g;ufhu N`hFj;jjpuY =dpth]D gFNyape;jjd;d fhh;aT G+h;j;jp MFtnjk;g tprhuTs;stdhjD.Mfypypy;y ahNfe;jNu te;J fz;Zs;stD fz;zpj;jUVfGj;uTs;stD . Gj;hdpj;jU ,y;ytnue;J `hq;Nfmdp]{j;jhNu. /7/ `hNf ];jphPahpe;j aht fhh;aTkhly;gL;j;NjNah M fhh;aT g;uNah[dthj gytd;dnfhLte;jhj;J MFtjpy;y. `PNf Nahrp]p khahtpahj,r;rh&gdhj =dpth]D jhNd ];jphP>d;D ];tPfhp]pmjnuhsNf nfhutQ;[pa Nt\td;D jhp]p M nfhutQ;[paNt\j myq;fhutd;D khbnfhz;lD/8-9/N`Nfe;jNu> ehut];j;utd;DTl;L fQ;Rfjpe;jmyq;f;Ujdhfp g;u`;kNjtdd;D ]p]{td;D khbkN`];tudd;D a\;bad;D khb [fjhjhuthj ]j;tuN[h-jNkhFzTs;sg;u`;khz;ltd;D fl;bad;Dkhbnfhz;L Nf\fsd;D `utpnfhz;L IJE}Wth;\g;ukhd MA\;aTs;s ];jphPase;NjahfpFQ;[hkzpape;j myq;f;Ujshfp ]q;fjpe;j gj;kgthj`hutd;D jhp]pnfhz;L etjhd;ajpe;j G+hpjthj gpjUGl;bad;d jd;d k];jfjy;ypl;L nfhz;L yk;Nhhjhpahjyk;gfh;zTs;s yk;ghakhd ];jdTs;s je;ju`pjshj\{\;fthj KfTs;s jh;kNjtNj vk;g (51) ehkTs;snfhNutQ;[p ehgpfkyjy;yp cj;gd;dthj g;u`;kdd;D]g;jkh]hj;kf ]p\{tpdd;D khbnfhz;LNuhjdkhLj;jpUt ]{\;ftjdTs;s F\hq;fdhj jPh;f;fgh`{Ts;s M ]p]{td;D ePf];j;ujy;yp fl;bnfhz;Leh;jdkhLj;j ifnahsNf jz;ltd;D jhp]pnfhz;Lehujdpe;jY g;u`;kdpe;jY te;jpjshfp [fj;];thkpahjjh;kNjtNj vk;g n`]Us;s nfhutQ;[pA ehuhazGuf;Nfge;jS/110-11-12-13-14-15-16/ ehuhazGuf;Nf ge;jGj;ud;Dge;Jfsd;D nfhLNjnde;J fh;[d khLj;j gUjpj;juY Mgl;lzjy;ypUt ];jphPaU nfhutQ;[pA me;jj;jd;D Nfspuh[gj;dpahj juzpNjtpNf N`Sj;jhNu. 17/ aiy>uh[ghh;aNs> gjhpfh];ukjpe;j jh;kNjtNj vk;g nfhutQ;[pAge;jpj;jhNs. mtS t;Uj;jhspj;jhNs. kj;Jkpjgh\pvk;ge;Nj NjhUj;jhNs/18/ kd]pdy;yp ,j;jj;jd;D- 64 -
N`Sj;NjNd ae;J Gd` Gd` md;Dj;jhNs. aiyjhpzpNa> aht jh;kNjtNjA ge;jpUtNs MNfad;dfNufS`p]{/19/ M ];jphPau gh\zfjy;yp kd];]{s;sjuzpNjtpA jd;d ]fpahpNf ePNt Mjujpe;j Mjh;kNjtjpad;D fNuJnfhz;L gUttU Mfphp. MNfAge;jNu ehD g;uhg;jghf;aS MFj;NjNd. Ve;J me;Jnfhz;lS/120/mde;ju juzpNjtpape;j Mf;Qhg;jshj ];Nu\;luhj M];jphPaU M jh;kNjtpa `j;juge;J N`> kq;fsg;ujshjNjtpNa> jPt;ujpe;j uh[];jphPas ]kPgf;Nf g;uhg;jshF ve;JM jh;kNjtpNf N`spjU /21/ mde;ju M kd];tpahjjh;kNjtNjA M ];jphPau thf;atd;D Nfsp nky;yNdN`Sj;jhNs. aiy> ];jphPahpuh> ehD jhpj;uS kj;J: njl;l];tghtjtS. M uh[gj;dpA I];th;aAf;jS/22/ aiy>];jphPahpuh> < fuNahzT tpNdhjfhfpA `h];af;fhfpAMFtJ (ahnfe;jNu) ed;d t];j;utd;D ed;dd;dGj;udd;D ed;d Mguz ]^`td;D Nehb eFtphp/23/etjhd;ajpe;j G+h;zthj Gl;bad;D FQ;[hkzpfspe;jG+\pjT md;d`PdT Mj \p]{td;D ed;dd;d Nehb`h];akhLtjfhfpNa fNu]{j;jhnse;J jpspAj;NjNd/24/aiy> tprhyNej;uTs;s ];jphPaNu> ehD gUtjpy;y.uh[ke;jpujy;yp ed;d fhh;aNtD? M ];jphPaU jh;kNjtpatrdtd;D Nfsp jhpzpNjtpa ]kPgf;Nf ge;J/25/ jh;kNjtpatrdtd;D N`spjU.(52) M juzpNjtpahjU jh;kNjtNjad;DfNuAtjf;fhfp ge;J N`sp nfhs;Sj;jhNs. N`> gj;Nu> ePD]h~hj; jh;NjtNjNa. aiy> ghf;ate;jNs> ek;k kNdNf gh/26/ aiy fy;ahzth;jfshj jh;kNjtNjNa. ek;kijtNahf;ajpe;jNy g;uhg;jshfpUtp. `PNf uh[ghh;aspe;jgh\pjshfp jh;kNjtNjA juzpNjtpNf ]j;atrdtd;DN`syhuk;gp]pjS/27/ aiy kd];tpdp ehD N`spjtrdtd;D m]j;athjNu ed;dd;D gl;lzj n`huNf`hfp]p. N` Njtp> iffsd;D fb]{. MjNu ed;d trdTfz;bjthjj;J. m];j;athjNu `];jfsd;D r;Nrjp]{(ve;JnkhjNy N`spj;NjNd)/28/ aiy uh[ty;yNg> =ke;jdhjeuehuhaz NjtNd ed;d gjpA. mtd tPh;ajpe;jNy
Gj;udd;D `{l;bUtD. mtdpNf g;u[hgjpae;Jmd;DtU./29/ M euehuhaz Njtdpe;j Mf;Qhg;jshfpmjpjPt;Nuape;j epd;d ke;j;puf;Nf ge;jpUj;NjNd. N`>[fjP];thp> `pe;Nj eNlj ]khrhutd;D jh;kNjtpape;j ]`pjshfpuh[f;U`f;Nf ge;J M jh;kNjtNjad;D uj;dgPljy;ypFs;sphp]p mtsKe;Nj ifKfpJnfhz;L FspJ];jpukd]{s;sthfp ]e;Njh\ghpjshfp nky;y nky;yNd(Ke;NjD khlNgnfe;J) NfspjS.mde;ju jh;kNjtpA md;Dj;jhNs> aiy> fy;ahzpkq;fs];dhdtd;D khL. ]{g;utrdtd;D ]{j;jFG]td;D njhl;L aiy Njtp> `hpg;uathj FUNjtjhek];fhutd;D khL. mde;ju < g;ufhuthfpN`sp]pnfhz;L juzpNjtpA `hNf khbjS/31-32-33-34/mde;ju juzpNjtpA jh;kNjtNja aJhpNf FspJnfhz;Lmd;Dj;jhNs. Aiy> Ke;NjD khlNgF epd;d Mf;NQg;ufhukhLj;NjNd N`S. /35/ nfhutQ;[p N`Sj;jhNs> aiyfy;ahzp> ed;d G+h;tPf NjtNjfspNf ]{f;j;uh&gjz;Lyhjpfspe;j ]{th;zj kutd;D G+h;zkhbthadtd;D (thfpdtd;D) nfhL/36/ mde;jujhpzNjtpA g`{gf;jpape;j thadtd;dpl;L aiyjh;kNjtjpNa> ]j;athfp N`Ste;jtshF. kj;J ed;dJf;ftd;D eh\khL. juzpNjtpa thf;atd;D Nfspjh;kNjtpA md;Dj;jhNs. ]j;athfp N`Sj;NjNd. Aiyjh;kYs;s juzpNjtpNa ed;d ]p]{tpNf `fY khbj;NjMfyp uhj;hpkhbj Mfyp gtkhd MfpuNgF. ,e;j u]ghpjmd;dtd;D nfhL/37/ aiy [dfuh[Nd juzpNjtpAmts /53/ ghNjfsd;D Nfsp ]{th;z ghj;nuay;ypUtkNdh`uthj ~Puhd;dtd;D Gj;udpe;j jhp]pGypq;fpdpaGj;udpNf nfhl;lS. 39/ ];th;z ghj;Nuay;ypj;jpUt MkhD\hd;dtd;D fz;L ]p]{&gdhfpUt g;u`;kNjtUNgh[dkhlypy;y. N`> [dfuh[Nd> M jh;kNjtj ]p\{Tkj;Nj ms`j;jpj;J. 140/ Nuhjd khLt Gj;udd;D fz;Laiy ePD jhpj;uD. JuhrhhpA. fe;j %y gyfsd;D- 66 -
;;jpd;DttD. ve;J epe;Njkhb jhldtd;D khbjS. kj;Juh[d]Ythfp khbj ,e;j ]{e;ju ~Putd;D N`NfNgh[dkhb aiy juzNjtpNa ahthfY Nuhjdtd;ndkhLj;jNj. VDkhbyp/41-42/ ve;J M Gj;udd;D epe;Njkhbmde;ju M cj;jkhd;dtd;D ehD Ngh[dkhbjNu> ed;dcjujy;ypj;j md;du]T Gj;udpNf N~kthFtnje;J N`spjhNd Ngh[dkhbjS. N`> [dfuhaNd> jh;kNjtpA~Puhd;dtd;D Ngh[dkhb ];t];jprj;jshjS/43-44/mde;ju aiy ]{];Nuhzp mq;fNdNa> ]j;aN`Sj;NjNd. edNf jhk;G+ytd;D nfhL. Ae;JnfhutQ;[pahj jh;Nja khjd;D Nfsp juzpNjtpA Vyh.ytq;f-=fh;G+u-ehftyp jyfspe;j $bj jhk;G+ytd;DnfhutQ;[pNf nfhl;lS/45-46/ M jh;kNjtNjA G+h;thgpKfpashfp FspJnfhz;L Gj;udd;D njhlaNkNyFs;sphp]pnfhz;L aJhpNf Gl;b ad;dpl;L nfhz;Lghjfsd;D rhrp FspjS./47/ Mf NjNthj;jkU ,e;j&gn`he;jpj Mde;jG+h;zdhj = -=dpth]Njtdd;D]e;jh;\d fhKfuhfp kj;J g;uhf;j[dnuhe;jpjthj mtdthzpad;d NfsNgnfe;J ]jp]{jnuhlNd tpkhd]^`fsy;yp FspJnfhz;L ge;J ]k;g;ukjpe;jM];th;aTs;stuhfp jk;k jk;nkhsNf khjdhbjU./48-49/mJ N`Nfe;jNu. aht uh[khNaape;j G+h;t[d;kjy;yp VDGz;a khly;gl;bj;jpJ
9etNkhj;aha:= y~;kP e;U]pk;` g;u]Pj:(54) N` [dfuh[Nd> Ngh[d MjNkNy jd;dtk;\jy;yp G+[pjuhj NjtNjfsd;D ];kuzkhbjS.Mjpay;yp ehuhazdd;D y~;kPad;d j;ahdkhb mde;jug;u`;kdd;D/1/ ]u];tjpad;D Uj;udd;D ghh;tjpad;DjUtha ,e;j;udd;D ]rPNjtpad;D kj;J ]ghh;auhjjpf;ghyfuhj m;dpakhjp NjtNjfsd;d FNgudd;D mf;dp>thA> tUzud;D th]{fp ]h;gdd;D N`> [dfuh[Nd>ehujhjp U~pfsd;d gpj;Jfsd;d fe;jh;tud;Desnkhjyhj ];Nu\;l uh[ud;D ];thkpahjgpe;Jkhjtdd;D tp\;Zghj Njtud;D g;uahfN~j;utd;D NfhjhjPujy;yp epth]pahj eu]pk;`dd;D[fd;dhjdd;D k`h]kh;j;juhj gPkhjPu epth]pahjghz;Luq;fdd;D gk;ghj;a~dhj tpUghN~];tudd;DGz;afutdTs;s =i\ygh;tjtd;D ]k;gj;Jj;thjNtq;flfphp\dhj = Ntq;fNl\dd;Dfhy`];jP];tudd;D fbfhryjy;ypUt rJh;KfdhjMQ;[Ndad;d t;Ue;jhryjy;yp epthrpahj =eu]pk;`Njtdd;D ]k];j Nyhff;Nf ];thkpahjfQ;rpN~j;ujy;ypUt tujuh[dd;D ];Ntj&gpahj =uq;fdhjdd;D Fk;gNfhzjy;yp th]khbUtFk;Ng];tudd;D kJNuay;ypUt ]huq;fghzpahj =f;U\;zdd;D N`> [dfuh[Nd/2-3-4-5-6-7/ uhkre;jdpe;jurp]y;gl;l N]Jtd;D mde;ju N`> [dfuh[Nd>mde;j\adjy;ypUt gj;kehgdd;D ]{g;u`;kz;add;DFkhujhuh ]kPgjy;ypUt Fkhu];thkpad;D kJ]{jdd;d;\q;fudd;D/8/re;j;udpe;j g;hPjp\;ldhj re;jpNu\;tudd;DNfhfh;Nz];tudd;D `hF Jq;fgj;uhdpth]pahj`up`Nu];tudd;d N`> [dfuh[Nd> fq;fhejpad;Df\;ag> mj;hp> ghuj;th[> tp];thkpj;u> nfsjk> [fjf;dp>t]p\;l< ak;g ehkjpe;j g;th`p]{t{t ]g;j- 68 -
Nfhjhthpad;D f;U\zhejpad;d kyhg`hhpad;dtuh`%h;jpad;D NfhNujhbfspe;j cj;gd;dshjJq;fgj;Njad;D ]`;ahj;hpay;yp cj;gd;dshj fhNthpad;dkyahryjy;yp cj;gd;dshj fgpyejpad;d ee;jpgh;tjjy;ypcj;gd;dthj ~Puhejpad;D ]{th;zKfhp ejpad;D `hNf>^fhk;gpNfad;d igutdd;D fhyigutdd;D/9-10/fQ;rpay;ypUt fhkh~pad;D tp\hyh~pad;D tug;ujshj`pkhryjy;ypUt fkhyh~pad;D futPugl;lzf;Nfmj;a~shj aiy ukhNjtpNa guNj\jy;ypUt ed;dd;D]k;u~zkhnle;J ukhNjtpad;D gf;jpghtjpe;j ];khp]pkNdh`uthj trdtd;d EbjS.aiy> uh[gj;dpNa> ed;dNjN\ape;j tp];jhuthfp];utzkhL. edNf Mjhug;Ujuhj Gl;ba `hF. ed;dGj;ud MNzhad;d nfhLj;NjNd/11-12/ gjhpfh];ukjy;yped;dgjpa ed;d jhapa ed;d FUtpd ed;d MNzad;dnfhLNtD. N`> uh[gj;dpNa> ehD N`Ste;jhj;Jep[nte;J jpspAte;jtshF/13/ (55) ]kPrPdthjfbg;uNj\Ts;s juzpNjtpNa> edNf jhk;G+ytd;DnfhLte;jthshF. N`> ke;jfh]pdpNa> Vyh> ytq;fh> fh;G+u.gr;rfh;G+u [h[Pgj;u GfPgy ehfty;yjsfspe;j Af;jthjjhk;g+ytd;D nfhLte;jtshF. /14/ juzpNjtpAkhjdhLj;jhNs> N`> k`hg;uhf;Qshj jh;kNjtNjNa]k];jthj Jf;f]he;jpA MFte;Nj ]j;athfpN`Ste;jtshF /15/ ]{th;zkathj ]{h;gjy;yp ,ly;gl;lnksf;jpffs ^Uuh\pad;d NehLte;jtshF. < g;ufhujuzPNjtNja thf;atd;d ];utzkhb ghfPujp [dfdhj=dpth]D J\;ldhfp/16/ g;hpafushj gj;khtjpNfg;hpafuthj a\;bad;D `];jjy;yp jhp]p N`> kq;fsfushjjuzpNjtpNa> epd;d Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpNf g;uhg;jthfpUtmq;fN]\ztd;d ehD N`Sj;NjNd. ];utzkhL/17/N` uh[gj;dpahj kq;fsfuthj juzPNjtpNa> kd;kjde;NjMfhuTs;s xg;g GU\dpe;j < mq;fN\hgzTcj;gd;dthfpNj. Mjjd;D ];g\;lthfp N`Sj;NjNd.];utzkhLttshF /18/ epd;dpd jpt\jy;ypm];th&ldhfp g;uhg;jdhj xg;g GU\dd;D fz;LNkh`p]pjtshj gj;khtjpA M GU\s- 69 -
]k;NahfhNgN~ape;j cj;gd;dthj fhk[;tujpe;jgPbjshfpj;jhNs/19/N`> juzpNjtpNa M fhk[;tu ]he;j;ah;jthfp Mgj;khtjpad;D M GU\dpNf tpth`khbnfhLte;jtshF.juzpNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs> jd;d Gj;hpa mq;fN\hgfudhjfpuhj &gpahjtD ay;yp ,Uttdhfpj;jhNd. N`>kq;fsfuNs> Mjd;d ehktd;d N`SttshF. epd;d,r;rhD]huthfp mtdpNf nfhLj;NjNd. < g;ufhug;u];dkhb]p nfhsy;gl;l; jh;kNjtpA juzpNjtpad;dFwpJ khjhLttshjS. jh;kNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs> N`>juzpNjtpNa> itFz;l];jdhj ehuhazDNtq;flhryjy;yp g;uj;a~thfp ,Uttdhfpj;jhNd/20/ N`juzpNjtpNa. epd;d Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpape;j ahtGU\d];Nu\;lthj m];tT ]k;`hu khly;gl;bNjh> Mg;u]pj;jdhj =dpth]D tpj;ahte;jD. jdte;jDgyte;jD ,;j;jhNd/21/cj;ahdtd j;thuj ]kPgjy;yp MGU\d m];tT g;Ujthfp gpj;jNj. M g;Utj;jhjtd;dgj;khtjpa ]fpaud;D FwpJ g;u];dkhLttshF. MGU\dpe;j uh[Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpape;j khly;gl;l mguhjT~kp\y;gl;bJ. /22/ ed;d trdtd;D ]j;antk;jhfpjpspAte;jtshF. edNf Jf;ff;Nf fhuzthjtrdtd;d ahNf N`Ste;jtshFj;jp? < g;ufhujuzpNjtpa thf;atd;d ];utzkhb Gype;jpA Gd`khjdhbjS. /25/ jh;kNjtpA khjdhLj;jhNs N`>juzpNjtpNa> m]j;atrdT ed;dpe;j N`sy;glypy;y.ehD m]j;aN`Stjpy;ynte;J G+h;tjy;yp ed;dpe;jN`sy;gl;lNj. < g;ufhu jh;kNjtNja trdjpe;j gPjshjuh[gj;dpahj juzpNjtpA NuhjdkhLj;j
khjd;dhbjS/26/ juzpNjtpA khjd;dhlj;jhNs> N`>jh;kNjtpNa> fd;dpNfA ahupe;jY Nfsy;glypy;y. Mjhpe;jed;dpe;j N`Nf Nfhly;glNgF. < g;ufhu rpe;jhAf;jshjuh[gj;dpad;d FwpJ jh;kNjtpA khjshLttshjS.jh;kNjtpA khjd;dhLj;jhNs N`. juzPNjtpNa>,n`hj;jpd jpt]jy;yp te;J fspNf MjNkNy tg;g];jphPaS gUj;jhNs/27/ M ];jphPA g`{f;Uj;jpjspj;jhNs.G+kpay;yp jh;khh;jjy;yp F\yspj;jhNs. N`> uh[gj;dpNa>ed;d thf;ajy;yp tp];th]td;D khb Mfh\uh[dd;DFwpJ jpsp]{te;jtshF/28/ N` uh[gj;dpNa>Mfh\uh[dpNf jk;kdhj njhz;lkhduh[dd;DMfh\uh[d Gj;udd;D Mfh\uh[d kpj;uge;Jfsd;DFwpJ NghjdkhLte;jtshF. Nahf;athj ]hJkhh;ftd;DmD]hp]p ehD N`spje;Nj khLte;jtshF/29/ ed;d]k;~thfp fd;ahepkpj;jthfp ]qfy;gtd;DkhLte;jtshF. juzpNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs ahtcghajpe;jhfyp ed;d Gj;hpA gJFgtshfyp. G+h;tjjy;ypth]khbj M =dpth]dpNf Gj;hpad;dnfhLttshFj;NjNd. jh;kNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs N`.juzpNjtpNa> < g;ufhu khbjNu epd;d Gj;hpAgJFttshFj;jhNs. < tp\ajy;yp ]k;]atpy;y. N`>juzpNjtpNa> ed;d gjpA aht];jyjy;ypj;jhNdh> my;ypNfehD fkdkhLttshFj;Njnde;J < g;ufhu khjd;dhbjh;kNjtpA M uh[gjpahj juzpNjtpad;d < g;ufhuNghjkhb gl;lzjpe;j n`huNf n`huLN`hFte;jtshjS/30/ M jh;kNjtpA f~jy;yp kFtd;dfl;bnfhz;L ]{th;z ]{h;gjpe;j ]`pjthj Gl;bad;dnjnfJnfhz;L N` [dfuhaNd> nfhutQ;[pAcj;ujpf;fpd;didjp N`hFte;jtshjS/31/Gype;jpA N`hFj;jpuyhfp juzpNjtpA gh\;gAf;jNyhrdTs;stshfp Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpa f;U`td;Dn`he;jp NuhjdkhLte;jtshfp mj;ae;j Jf;fp\;lshfpkhjhbjS/32/ N`> Gj;hpNa> epd;d kd];]pdy;NydpUtJ.ed;dd;D FwpJ ahtjd;dhjU N`Stjpy;y. N`>kq;fsfushj gj;khtjpNa> jhapnf ]khjhdthj Mg;jUn`z;Zkf;fspNf ahU ,Utjpy;y./33/ kj;Njnde;jNukhljf;f (57) fhh;atd;dhjU edNf N`Ste;jtshF.- 71 -
epd;d kd];]pdy;ypUt rpe;Njad;D G+h;zkhLj;NjNd.t;ah;j;jthfp \hPuN\h\zkhLtjhpe;j VDg;uNah[dT/34/ mghf;ashj uh[gj;dpahj ehD ePDN`sNj N`hjNu tp\ghdtd;D khLj;NjNd. Ak;jhfpjhapahj juzPNjtpa trdtd;d ];utzkhb M gj;khtjpaJf;fTs;stshfp ijh;atd;d n`he;jpjshfp NuhjdkhLte;jtshfp Jf;fpjshjS/35/gj;ktjpA Jf;fpjshj jhapad;D fz;L nky;yNfkd];]pdy;ypUt mgpg;uhatd;d N`Ste;jtshjS.gj;khtjpA khjhLj;jhNs N`> jhapahj juzpNjtpNa> VDN`syp. g;u]NtjNd g;uhg;jthfpnje;J N`sy;Nah?36/mjth `hNf my;yNj Gj;uD cj;gd;ddhjndk;g]e;Njh\thh;Njad;d N`sy;Nah? FltNjvd;JN`sy;Nah? Fln\tNjae;J N`sy;Nah?`hfhjhf;A jhapag;uAf;j epd;d Ke;Nj N`Sj;NjNd. N`> jhapahjjuzpNjtpNa. ];utzkhLte;jtshF/37/ N` jhapNa>epd;dpe;j Mf;Qhg;jshfp ]fpahpe;j Af;jshfp G\;gfuthjtdtd;d FwpJ N`hFe;jtshNj. M tdjy;yptg;ghndhg;g mdhjhpahj GU\];Nu\;lshj GU\Dg;uhg;jdhFttdhjD. /38/ N` jhapNa> fkyf;nf ]hpahjMjd Kftd;D Mjd Nej;ufsd;d ];khp]{j;NjNd. MGU\dn`hh;j;J gJfyhhpD. ,J ep[nte;J jpspAttshF/39/NjtNjfS nkhjyhjtU M =dpth]d rhpj;Nuad;DjpspAtttuhfpj;jhNu. ]e;Njh\thapNjnae;J kD\;aU M=dpth]d cj;jkthj k`hj;Nkad;D jpspAtjpy;y. /40/MjNd g;uj;a~thfp ]k];juhj NjtNjfspNf];Nu\;ltdhfpj;jhNd. ,J ]j;aNt. cj;jkthj rf;uTahthjd j~pzghzpay;yp N\hgp]{j;NjNth/41/ `hFalifay;yp \q;fT mk;]g~ae;Nj g;ufh\p]{j;NjNth>aht =dpth]d fz;ljy;yp nfsh];JgkzpA fh;zjy;ypkfuFz;lyfS N]hkp]{j;jNtNah/42/ aht GU\drf;ughtjpe;j thuzhrpgl;lzT jf;jthapNjh> aht GU\z\q;fj;tdpape;j ];utzkhb uh~]U gyhadkhLj;jhNuNah43/M =dpth]d gf;ju y~ztd;DN`Sj;jhNd. ];utzkhLttshF. ahU Ntj\h];j;ujy;yp- 72 -
Muhj;guhfpUtNuh> ahU jh;k]k;ghjfthj t;ujjy;ypM]f;juhfpUtNuh/44/ Ntjjy;yp cj;jf;jthj fhktd;DahU khLj;jhNuh> mtNu tp\;Z gf;jnue;J jpspAttshF.ahU \q;frf;ufspe;j Kj;hpjdhFj;j rpd;`Ts;stuhfpj;jhNuh> ahU Ch;j;t Gz;lhPfshfpj;jhNuh> 45/ahU khjhgpj;Ufs N]th>hj t;ujjy;ypepujuhfpj;jhNuh? ahU (58) m]j;atrdtd;DMLtjpy;yNth> mtNu it\;ztnjk;gjhfpN`sy;gl;lNj.// tp\;Z gf;ju y~ztpJ. mtd N`hh;j;Jaht GU\D [Ptp]{tD? /46/Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpa trdtd;d ];utzkhb]e;Nj\Ts;stshj juzpNjtpA thf;atd;d khjhbjS.juzPNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs > ];Nu\;ldhj fbg];thg;jfTs;s gj;khtjpNa kNdhtpfhujpe;j [;tucj;td;dthfpjNah N`Nf? mjth ,J g;ukNah ]j;athfpfjdkhLttshF/47/ gj;khtjpA khjhLj;jhNs >N`>jhapNa> ep[thfp N`Sj;NjNd. k`h ]kh;jdhj MGU\D Nehbjtdhfpj;jhNd. Mjd jh;\z njN\ape;jed;d Nj`N\h\zT MFj;jNj. ]{gfushj Gj;hpahjgj;khtjpad;d ]khjhdkhb juzpNjtpa gjpa f;U`td;dFwpJ g;uhg;jshjS. 48/ ghfhh;j;thfp gukhdr;jjpe;jghpjshfp Gj;hpa ]q;fN]\jpe;j ];&gpjshj ]e;jhgjpe;jAf;jshj jd;d gjpad;D FwpJ Gj;hpa ]hPuN\hgzjfhuztd;d `hF M jh;kNjtpape;j N`sy;gl;ltrdtd;d mju \he;jpafhuztd;D Gj;hpa j;Ultd;Djd;d gjpad;D FwpJ Nghjd khLttshjS.M fhyjy;y;p gFyhNjtpape;j Af;juhjfd;dpNfaU/49/ N` [dfuh[Nd> [khj;jpNf ];thkpahj]q;fudd;D mgpN\fkhb ]h`pj;afsd;d k];jfjy;ypjhp]pnfhz;L GNuh`pjdpe;j ]`pjuhj g;uk;khjpe;jAf;juhfp/50/ Mfh\uh[d gl;lztd;D iajpme;jg;Gutd;D FwpJ g;uhg;juhFtuhjU. Mfh\uh[Dg;uhg;uhj g;uh`;kzud;d tpjpG+h;tfthfp G+N[ad;DkhLttdhjD/51/ fe;j G\;gh~Njfspe;jY t];j;uhyq;fhuj~pNzfspe;jY ]e;Njh\gb]p g;uh`;kzhpe;j khly;gl;lM]Ph;thjj ke;j;ufspe;j mgpN\f jPh;jfspe;j Gj;hpad;d- 73 -
g;Nuh~Nzkhbj /52/ mde;jujy;ypMfh\uh[D g;uh`;kzu Mf;NQape;j jhD Ngh[dkhLte;jtdhjD. N`> [dfuh[Nd> M juzPNjtpANgh[d khb n`huNf g;uhg;jshjS/53/ N`> [dfuh[Nd>M juzpNjtpA E}jdshj gFyhjNjtpad;d fz;ltshfpjh;kNjtpa trdtd;D ];khp]p gFyhtjpa ]kPgtd;DFwpJ g;uhg;jshjS/54/ N` Gz;a\hypahj fd;dpNfahpuh>< gFyhNjtpA VDfhuz g;uhg;jshfpj;jhNs. Mjufhuztd;d g;u~;dkhLttuhfphp. kj;J M gFNyA ahU?VDfhuz ge;jpj;jhNs. G+[h`pNse;jtshfp NjhUj;jhNs/55/N` [fduh[Nd> M juzpNjtpa mf;Qhjhushj xg;g];jphPA gFyhtjpad;d FwpJ thf;atd;D EbjS.Fd;dpNfA khjhLj;jhNs> N` juzpNjtpNa> < gFyhNjtpANtq;flhryjy;yp jd;d th]];jsT. =epth]D jdNf];thkpahfNgF /56/ uh[gj;dpahj epd;d ]kPgjy;ypfhh;atNj. ve;J N`spjhNs. N`> k`hghf;a\hypahjjuzpNjtpNa> M gFyhNjtpape;j ]`pjuhfpepd;d]kPgjy;yp g;uhg;juhfpj;NjNt/57/(59) N`. juzpNjtpNa> gFyhNjtpA VDfhuzg;uhg;jshfpj;jhNs MNfad;D FwpJ g;u];dkhLte;jtshF.< g;ufhu khjhb]p nfhsy;gl;l kq;fsfuthj juzpNjtpAmde;ju M fd;dpNfau thf;atd;D mDNkhjdgl;LkhjhLttshjS/58/ juzpNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs> N`>];Nu\;lthj fbg];jhgTs;s gFyhNjtpNa> mj;ae;jeph;kpjthj uj;drhpjshj M]djy;yp $LttshF. MjuzNjtpA khjhb]p nfhs;sy;gl;l M gFyhNjtpAuj;dkathj gPljy;yp $Lte;jtshjS/59/ N`>[dfuh[Nd> uh[ghh;ashj juzpNjtpA mde;ju jd;dd;Df;Ujf;Uj;tnse;J jpspJ jd;d [d;kj ]hgy;atd;Djpspjtshfp =dpth]d jhapahj gFyhNjtpad;D FwpJkhjhLttshjS./60/ juzpNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs> N`>k`hghf;a]hypahj gFyhNjtpNa> epd;d ];thfjTed;NdD Gz;af;Nf fhuzthfpNj. ][;[du ]khfkjpe;jehD f;Ujf;UjashNjnde;J jpspAj;NjNd./61/ N`gFyhNjtpNa> VD fhuz g;uhg;jshfpj;jp . epd;dfhh;atd;D mJ N`sy;glyp /62/ < g;ufhukhjdhb]pnfhsy;gl;l gFyhNjtpA k`hj;kdhj- 74 -
Mfh\uh[d gj;dpahj juzpNjtpadD; FwpJ khjhbjS.gFyhNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs. N`> juzpNjtpNa>fd;ahNgN~A]{gfhh;atje;jhj;jJ . md;athje;Ugh;afspe;j VD g;uNah[dT>/63/ Kf;athj fhh;atd;DgFyhNjtpa Kfjpe;j ];utzkhb cj;kp\jshjgFyhtjpad;D FwpJ khjhbjS. juzpNjtpAkhjhLj;jhNs. N`> gFyhNjtpNa. epd;dpe;j rd;dhfpN`sy;gl;bJ. ekfhjU tuhNgN~a mNj./64/ tuDahtD. mtD ,Ut Nj\T ahtJ. Nfhj;u ahtJe~j;uNtD. M tud jhapAahU. N`. gFyhNjtpNaje;jpahU./65/ FyTahtJ. Mjd MrhuahtJ. < ]h;tt;Uj;jhe;jtd;D fjdkhLte;jtshF. Fyhrhu fNjad;D];utzkhb gFyhNjtpA thf;atd;D EbjS. /66/gFyhNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs. N`> uh[gj;dpNa> Nfhj;ue~j;u Ke;jhjj;jd;D N`Sj;NjNd. ];utzkhLte;jtshF. M tudpNf NjtfPNjtpA jhapahfNgF.T]{NjtD je;jpahfNgF./67/ mtd Fyt re;j;utk;\T.f;U\;z ak;g ehkjpe;j g;u]pj;jdhfpj;jhNd. t\p];lNfhj;ujy;yp cj;gd;ddhfpj;jhNd. ];utze~j;u /68/Ntq;flhryNt Mth]];jhdT. tpj;ahte;jD. jdte;jD.gyte;jD. ]e;jhrhu ]k;gd;dD. ,g;gj;ijJ (60) th;\ta]{ cs;stdhfpj;jhNd./69/ < ]kaT epd;d Gj;hpad;dtpth` khbnfhs;sypf;Nf Nahf;afhythfpNj. Mf;U\;zdpNf epd;d kfsd;D nfhl;lNu n]sf;atd;Dn`he;Jj;jhNs. < tp\ajy;yp g`s N`Sj;jhpe;j VDg;uNah[d .tudd;D Nehbj ed;ju ]{fNt MjpJ./70/ Mtud ]k];jthj t;Uj;jhjtd;D ];utzkhb Mde;jghpjshj juzpNjtpA M gFyhNjtpad;D FwpJkhjhLttshjS. juzpNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs. N`>kq;fsfushj gFyhtjpNa> epd;d trdjpe;j edNf ]q;NfAcj;gd;dthapJ. /71/N` gFyhtjpNa> =dpth]Dghf;a\hypahjtD. FyPddhjtD Gj;jp]hypA jUzDthf;kpAae;J epd;dpe;j N`sy;gl;bJ. Vjhtjf;fhygh;ae;juthfp tpth` T VD fhuz khly;glypy;ynte;JjuzpNjtpA NfsY M gFyhtjpA juzpNjtpa < trtd;D];utzkhb kd];]pdy;yp < g;ufhu MNyhrNdkhLttshjS/72/ ijh;ajpe;j uh[gj;dpad;d FwpJ- 75 -
trdtd;d (khjd;D) MLttshjS. gFyhtjpAkhjhLj;jhNs. N`> juzpNjtpNa> ghfPujP [dfehj =f;U\;zdpNf ghy;aht]Njay;yp tpthk`khly;gl;bJ./73/ M n`z;ljpay;yp ]e;jhdthfy;ypy;yhj fhuzvulNd tpth`khlNffhfpNj. epuhkadhj =dpth]dy;ypahtJ Njh\tpy;y. ,J te;Nj fhuzntd;JjpspAte;jtshF /74/N`. [dfuh[Nd> juzpNjtpA ]h;tt;Uj;jhe;jtd;D];utzkhb gFyhNjtpad;D md;dhjp]j;fhufspe;j G+[p]puh[];Nu\;ldhj [dfuh[Nd < juzpNjtpAMfh\uh[dd;D fhpAtjf;Nf Gj;udd;DfS`p]{te;jtshjS/75/ mde;ju Mfh\uh[D Gj;udthf;atd;D ];utzkhb ]e;Njh\jpe;j me;jg;Gutd;DFwpJ g;uhg;jdhjD. Vfhe;jjy;yp Mfh\uh[dd;D FwpJjuzpNjtpA khjd;dhLttshjS/76/ juzpNjtpAkhjhLj;jhNs. N`> uh[Nd> gFyhNjtpA fd;ahh;j;jthfpNtq;flhryjpe;j g;uhg;jshfpj;jhNs. Mjfhuz Gj;udd;DfS`p]p GNuh`pjdd;D ,y;ypNf fhp]{ttdhF./77/Ntjjy;yp gjq;fuhj g;uh`;kzhpe;j M =dpth]dMrhutd;D Fytpj;ahgyhjpftd;D Nfhj;u e~j;uhDFytd;D tJtuu Nahdp ehb ]q;fjpa ]h;ttd;D rd;dhfptprhukhb fd;ahjhdtd;D khLte;jtdhF. ]hj;ypahjgFyhNjtpA fd;ahh;jthfp g;uhjshfpj;jhNs. M tud];tghtT epd;d Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpNf tpjpjtNj/78/ epd;dGj;hpahj gj;khtjpA Ntq;flhryth]pahj =dpth]dd;NdmNg~p]{j;jhNs. ju;kNjtp ehkfshj nfhutQ;[pA N`spjtrdT ]j;aNt. ]Pf;uthfp N~kfuT kq;fyfuT Mjtpth`T khly;glyp/79/ g;ufhu ];jphpa trdtd;D];utzkhb cj;f;U\;lthj Mde;jjpe;j ghpjdhj (61)Mfh\uh[D khjhLttdhjD. N` ]{gfushjjuzpNa> gFyhtjpA ge;jj;jh ekNf ]{gNtg;uhg;jthapJ/80/ G+h;t[d;kjy;yp khbj Gz;ajpe;j ekNfkq;fsT g;uhg;jthapJ. ed;d ]k];juhj gpj;UfSNkh~ghfpajU. ehT f;Ujf;auhNjT. mN`h> M];th;aT/81/ gFyhtjpa trdntk;g mk;Ujghdjpe;j Nuhk`h;\Tcz;lhfpUj;jNj. tJtu ]khfk >hj fy;ahztd;D- 76 -
ahthf;Na NehLttdhNjD?/82/ ]{th;zkathj gPljy;ypghe;jtu ]Ngay;yp gjp]`pjshfp $jpUt gj;khtjpad;dNehlfspe;j ahthf;Na NehLttdhNjD?/83/< g;ufhukhjhb Gj;hpaNkNy tp];th]Ts;s Mfh\uh[D gj;khtjpaf;U`td;D FwpJ g;uhg;jthfp> Mfh\uh[Z Mjujpe;j]khjhd trdtd;D N`Ste;jtdhfp gj;khtjpad;DFwpJ khjhbjD./84/Mf\uh[D khjhLj;jhNd> N`. ]{gfushjgj;khtjpNa> ,d;DNkNy ]Pf;uthfp epd;d kd];]pdy;ypUtt;aNjad;D j;ahfkhLte;jtshF. N`> ]{gfushjgj;khtjpNa> epd;d kd];]pdy;ypUt aht mNgN~AmNjNah mjd;D N`Ste;jtshF/85/ N`> jhapNa. epd;dd;d Kk;ghfjy;ypN`sy;gl;l ]h;tt;UjUj;jhe;jtd;D Mfh\uh[dpNfjpspAte;jtshF. y[;N[ape;j ehD N`sypf;Nfcj;Af;jshfyhNuD/87/ juzpNjtpA Gj;hpa thf;atd;djpspJ gjpahj Mfh\uh[dd;D FwpJ khjhLttshjS.juzpNjtpa khjhLj;jhNs> N`> uh[Nd> tpjpG+h;tfthfptpth`td;d khLte;jtdhF./88/ N` ]{gfuthjKfTs;s Mfh\uh[Nd> kq;fsfuthj fhh;af;Nf mtfh\Tkhl$lJ. uh[D khjhLj;jhNs> N`> juzpNa>y~;kPNjtpNf Mth]];jhddhj =f;U\;zdpNfgj;khtjpad;D nfhl;L tpth`td;d khLj;NjNd./89/ N`>uh[];Nu\;ldhj [dfuh[Nd> Mfh\uh[D < g;ufhuGj;hpad;D ]khjhdkhb th;ztd;D FwpJ FUthjg;U`];gjpad;D funfhz;L gUtjf;Nf Gj;udd;DfS`p]{ttdhjD./90/ Gj;hpa fy;ahz ]{rfthjgj;utd;D gNuJ Gj;udd;D fS`p]pnfhl;lD. N`>[dfuh[Nd> Mfh\uh[d Gj;uD re;j;u Nt\jpe;jcj;gd;ddhj;jhpej [hf;uNjape;j ,e;j;uNyhftd;D FwpJN`hFttdhjD/91/ N`. [dfuh[Nd> Mfh\uh[dGj;uD ,e;j;udpNf FUthj g;U`];gjpahrhh;add;Dek];fhp]p ]e;Njh\jpe;j gjpjdhfp GU\];Nu\;ldhj- 77 -
(62) uh[Gj;uD g;U`];gjpa Kk;ghfjy;yp gj;utd;D,LttdhjD/92/Mq;fhP] Gj;udhj g;U`];gjpahrhh;ad Mfh\uh[dGj;udd;D `hF gj;utd;D fz;L fh;jt;ajpe;j Mgj;hpNfad;d f;u`zkhb ]e;Njh\jpe;j ghpjdhfp/93/ Mg;U`];gjpA ]{g]{rpfthj M gj;hpNfad;dgb]{te;jtdhjD. N`> [dfuh[Nd> jj;~zjy;ypGNuh`pjdhj g;U`];gjpA Mfh\u[dd;D FwpJg;uhg;jdhFte;jtdhjD /94/ Mfh\uh[D g;uhg;jdhjGNuh`pjdd;D ek];fhp]p ajhhtpjpG+h;tfthfp G+N[ad;Dkhb fhNyhrpjthj trdtd;D khjhb mde;ju g;uf;Ujf;Nfkhljf;f fhh;atd;d epNtjdkhLttdhjD. N`> FUNt>epd;d Mf;NQape;j ed;d Gj;hpa tpth`td;D khLj;NjNd/95/ N` Njh\u`pjdhj FUNt> epdNf =dpth]d]k;ge;jt jpspjj;Nj mNj. Nahf;ashj gFyhtjpA=dpth]d fNlape;j fd;ahNgN~As;stdhfpge;jpj;jhNs. Nfhj;u ehktd;D NfspNjNt/96/ N` > FUNt>< g;ufhu jpsjhf;A epd;d thf;ajpe;j tpth`fh;ktd;DkhlNgnfe;J cj;]h` Ts;stdhfpj;NjNd. FUthjg;U`];gjpahrhh;aD uh[trdtd;D ];utzkhbuh[dd;D FwpJ khjhbjD/97/ FUT khjhLj;jhNd> N`>Mfh\uh[Nd> mNef g;uhzpfS gyjpe;j ]`pjthjt;U~td;D M];uap]p G+kpay;yp [Ptp]{j;Nj. `hNf ehTepd;d ghf;atd;D M];u]pjtuhfp [Ptp]{j;NjNt/98/ N`>uh[Nd> ehD xe;jhndhe;J fhyjy;yp G+jstd;D FwpJg;uhg;jdhFj;NjNd. =dpth]d t;Uj;jhjtd;D mhpNaD.]{fhrhh;aD ]h;tfhy ]kPgjy;ypUj;jhNd/99/ N` uh[Nd>M ]{fhrhh;aD =dpth]d ];jpjpad;Djpspjtdhfpj;jhNe. N` uh[Nd> my;ypNfcj;jug;uNj\jy;yp IJ`ujhhpa NkNy/100/ =dpth]dy;ypghuhazD t;ah]Gj;udhj ]{fhrhh;a ,Uj;jhNd. N`>G+gjpahj Mfh\uh[Nd> M ]{fhrhh;add;D ]Pf;ujpe;jfhp]{ttdhF(1)..M ]{fhrhh;aD nkhjypdpe;j=dpth]d t;Uj;jhe;jtd;D epdNf N~kthFte;NjN`Sj;jhNd/2/- 78 -
FUtpdpe;j < g;ufhu khjhb]pnfhsy;gl;lMfh\uh[D mde;ju g;uhkzuy;yp g;hPjpAs;s jk;kdhjnjhz;lkhduh[dd;D ]{fhrhh;au M];uktd;D FwpJfS`p]{ttdhjD/3/ N` ]j;U]k;`hufdhj[dfuh[Nd> M njhz;lkhduh[D ]{h;ahd;dNf]khdthj fhe;jpAs;se;j thANtff;Nf ]khdthjNtfTs;se;j ujjpe;j N`hfp njhz;lkhduh[D ujjpe;j,spjtdhfp j;ahdNahfjpe;j cj;jpjtdhj]{fhrhh;add;D fz;L khjhLttdhjD/4/njhz;lkhduh[D khjhLj;jhNd> N`> U~p];Nu\;ldhj]{fKdpNa> Mfh\uh[epe;j N`sy;gl;l thf;atd;D(63)];utzkhLte;jtdhF. gj;khtjpA tpth`f;NfNahf;ashfpj;jhNs./5/ Mfh\uh[D =dpth]dpNfh];fufd;dpNfad;d jhdkhLtjf;fhfp ,r;rp]{j;jhNd. Af;jhAf;jtpfhukhLt ]Ythfp FUthj g;U`];gj; ahrhh;add;Dfsp]pj;jhNd /6/M fhuzjpe;j Mfh\uh[D epdd;Dfhp]pj;jhNd. Af;jhAf;jtd;D tprhukhb ]{g]{rfthjgj;utd;D NyfdkhLt]Ythfp/7/ mtfh]khlNjefutd;D FwpJ fkdkhLttdhF. < g;ufhu njhz;lkhduh[dpe;j khjhb]pnfhsy;gl;l ]{fhrhh;aD /8/]e;Njh\jpe;j VSttdhfp ]e;Njh\gLj;j g;uhe;jee;Njrhp]{ttdhfp N`. [dfuh[Nd> fkz;Lytd;dtNjAte;jtdhfpa f;U\;zhQ;[pdtd;D `hpAte;jtdhfpA /9/ Js]P khNyfsd;D gp]hbjtdhfpAeh;jdkhLte;jtdhjD. N`> uh[];Nu\;ldhj[dfuh[Nd> xe;J K`{h;j;j tNuNf M ]{fKdpA QhdTgut\thapJ/10/mde;jujy;yp t;ah]Gj;udhj ]{fKdpA njhz;lkhduh[dd;D FwpJ khjhbjD/11/ ]{fKdpA khjhLj;jhNd.N`> njhz;lkhduh[Nd> Ntq;flhry th]pahj=dpth]d GU\hh;j;jf;Nf ]hjdthj ]k];j Nyhff;Nfgtpj;ufuthj fy;ahzjhdtd;d FwpJ epe;epe;j ]kPrPdthjtrdT N`sy;gl;bJ./12/ =dpth]d f;UNg gyjpe;jMfh\uh[d Gj;jpA < tpjthfpNa ahthfYk`hjhdkhLtjuy;yp M]f;jpAs;sjhfyp/13/ < g;ufhuMrPh;thjtd;D nfhl;L ];yhfNd khb mde;jujy;ypgj;k]Nuhtujy;yp ];dhdtd;d khb khj;ahd;dpf- 79 -
]k;ge;jthj Md;`pftd;D khbnfhz;L[Ph;zthjmyq;fhufsd;D j;ahfkhb/14/ Kdp];Nu\;ldhj ]{fKdpAE}jdthj F\hf;ufsd;D je;J ge;njh;e;J jh;g;gtd;Dge;jdkhb> jh;kjNfhdpfspe;jY G\;gfspe;jY\pu];]pdy;yp jhp]{tjf;Nf Nahf;athj fphPltd;D `hFJy]PkhNyfspe;j myq;fhutd;D khbnfhz;ltdhfpA Jy]Pfh\;ljpe;j khbj fh;zG+\zfsd;D jhp]pjtdhfpA ghjjtNuNf cj;jthfpUt k;Uf rh;kjpe;j khly;gl;l fQ;Rfjpe;jmyq;f;Ujthfp Qhsh];ttd;D MNuh`z khbnfhz;L M]{fKdpA Mfh\uh[d f;U`td;D FwpJN`hFte;jtdhjD./15-16-17/ Mfh\uh[D g;uhg;jdhj]{fKdpad;D fz;L rJuq;f i]d;ajpe;j Af;jdhfp F\>fe;j^y gNyhjffspe;j Af;jdhfp GNuh`pjdhjg;U`];gj;ahrhh;aud;D Ke;Nj khbnfhz;L ]{fKdpaaJhpNf g;uhg;jdhFte;jtdhjD. Mfhyjy;yp ]{fKdpAg;uhg;jdhj Mfh\uh[dd;D fz;L]e;J\;ldhFte;jtdhjD. uh[];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[Dth`djpe;j ,spjtdhfp ]{fKdpad;D FwpJ ]h\;lhq;fek];fuhifJ M ]{fKdpad;D f[j (64) NkNyFs;sphp]pnfhz;L Mjujpe;j GNuh`pj ]`pjdhfpf;U`td;D FwpJ funfhz;Lge;J> uj;dkathj gPljy;ypFs;sphp]p tpjhd gy;ytuy;yp cj;jkthj Mfh\uh[Dme;jh;f;U`jy;yp $jpUte;j Kdpfsy;yp cj;jkD];Nu\;lD =dpth]dy;yp epue;jD QhdFUT Mj]{fKdpad;d tpj;ahFUthj g;U`];gjpad;D G+N[khbjD/18-19-120/ M Mfh\uh[D fd;dpNfatpth`f;Nfh];futhfp jg];tpahj ]{fKdpad;D FwpJg;U`];gjpa Kk;ghfjy;yp g;u~d;dkhbjD. N`>U~pfspuh> epk;kpe;j mDNkhjpjdhfp y~;kPNjtpNf Mth]];jhdtdhj f;U\;zdpNfh];fu gj;khtjpad;dnfhlNgnfk;jhfp Nahrp]pj;NjNd.21/< g;ufhu uh[d trdtd;D ];utzkhbuh[];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[dd;D FwpJ f;UNgape;jAf;jdhfp ]{fKdpA uh[Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpad;Dj;Nj\p]p< trdtd;D khjdhjD/22/ ]{gfudhj ]{fKdpAkhjhLj;jhNd> N`> k`hghf;a\hypahj Mfh\uh[Nd>=dpth]dpNf fd;ahjhdkhLt tp\ajy;yp ]k;]atd;D- 80 -
khlNgl. N`> k`PghyNd> ePD f;Ujhh;jthfp epd;d tk;\Tghp]{j;jthapJ. /23 / epd;d gpj;UfS ];th;ftd;Dn`he;JttuhjU. < tp\ajy;yp MNyhrNdA khljf;fjy;y.N` Mfh\uh[Nd> G+h;t[d;kjy;yp epd;dpe;j VD Gz;aTkhly;gl;bNjh/24/ mjhpe;j ][;[dhpNf fjpg;ujdhj G+[;aDfkyje;Nj Nej;ufSs;stD Mj =dpth]D mspadhjD.Mj;jhpe;j epd;df;fpe;jY Gz;ahjpfhuU ,y;y./25/ Mfh\uh[Nd> epd;d ]k;ge;jjpe;j ehTghf;a]hypfS. f;Ujhh;jU MNjT/26/ ehthjUjNghep\;luhfp nfl;Nl nfz]{ `z;Z `k;gytd;Djpe;J ]jp ]{j ke;jhjtu ay;y ]k;ge;jtd;D gpl;LMuhjp]pjU M ]kh;jdhj =dpth]dd;DNehbjtuhfypy;y./27/ ehT epd;d ]`hajpe;jy~;kPAf;jdhj =dpth]dd;D NehLttuhFj;NjNt.ekNf g;ujp [d;kjy;ypA epd;d ]{gfuthj ]`th]TMFte;jhj;jhfyp./28/ M ]{fKdpA < g;ufhu khjhb]{k;kdhjD.mde;jujy;yp ]{fKdpa thf;atd;D ];utzkhb]e;Njh\ghpjdhjD. g;u[hpNf ];thkpahj Mfh\uh[Dtpth` ]k;ge;jpfthj trdtd;D ];utzkhb]{fKdpad;D ];yhfp]pjD. N`> t;ah] Gj;udhj]{fKdpNa> ehD f;Ujf;Uj;adhNjnde;J jpspAj;NjNd.epdNf ek];fhutpuyp/29/130/N` g;U`];gjp- ahrhh;aNd>gj;khtjp-=dpth]u f;u`fs Nahf;atd;d Nfhj;u e~j;uf;u`fs gyhgytd;d NehLte;jtdhF.(65)(31) < g;ufhuMfh\ih[d thf;atd;d ];utzkhb NjtNjfspNfFUthje;j ]e;Njh\jpe;j gjpjdhje;j /32/ [;Nahjpr]h];j;utpjpad;D gy;ytdhj g;U`];gjpahrhh;aDgFyhtjpad;D FwpJ khjhbjD./33/ g;U`]gj;ahrhh;aDkhjhLj;jhNd> N`> gFyhtjpNa> =Ntq;fN;l\dNfhj;utd;D `hF e~j;utd;D N`Sttshnfe;JgFyhtjpad;D FwpJ khjhbjD. M gFyhtjpAf;U`];gj;hpa thr;atd;d ];utzkhb fpQ;rpj; Nfhgjpe;jAf;jshfp khjhjS/34/gFyhNjtpA khjhL;jhNs>g;uh`;kzU ]h;tfhyjy;yp ]j;a]q;fy;guhfpNa ,ujf;ftU.Mjhf;A fypAfjy;yp kpj;ahtrdtd;D MLte;j-- 81 -
tuhfpUj;jhNf. N`> Mfhuh[Nd> `pjh`pjtd;dN`Ste;jtuhFtjpy;y. /35/=]{fD khjhLj;jhNd> N`>k`dPashj gFyhtjpNa ehthfp Nfhj;u]{j;ufsd;DN`spjNu ~j;hahpNf g;uh`;kzu trdjy;yp mtp];thrTcj;gd;dthFj;jNj. Mjhpe;j jh;kthjhf;A mjh;kthfpNjhUj;jNj. mjh;kT jh;ktd;d N`he;Jj;jNj/36/ MMjfhuzj;jN\ape;j epd;dpe;j `pjh`pjntk;GtJN`sy;gljf;fJ. gFyhtjpA khjhLj;jhNs. N`> FUNt>M =dpth]D ];utz e~j;ujy;yp [dp]pj;jhNd.T]p\;lNfhj;ujtD. 37/ GuhjdU kj;];a $h;k< f;U\;zhjp&gTs;stnde;J N`Sj;jhNu. uh[D khjhLj;jhNd> ehDmj;hpNfhj;uU. gj;khtjpA k;Uf\Ph;\ e~j;ujy;yp[dp]pj;jhNs /38/ QhdpfS gj;khtjpad;D ]Pjh]j;aghkhjp ];t&gnse;J jpspAj;jhNu. k`hgjpahj FUTmgaju trdtd;d ];utzkhb Nahftd;d tprhukhb`h;N\jhj;jpj;jfkd]{s;stdhfp khjhLttdhjD/39/FUT khjhLj;jhNs> ehb$lT> ]{g$lT> Nahdp$lTtpN]\ mD%ythfpNj. kj;J f;u`fs n`r;R]{gjh;~dhpathfpNj 140/ G+ghydhj Mfh\uh[Nd>]h;ttd;D tprhhp]p ];th;j;j ghttd;D M];ua]pjtdhfpge;Jkpj;uhjpfspe;j $bnfhz;L MNyhrp]p fd;ahjhdtd;DkhLttdhF./41/F\ydhj Mfh\uh[D > < g;ufhuthfp FUthjg;U`];gjpahrh;ad trdtd;D ];utzkhb gukgf;jpape;j\;thh;jghttd;d M];ua]pjtdhfp/42/jhjpfS> ghe;jtU]k;ge;jpfU ]{kpj;u [dhpe;j Af;jdhfp fd;ahjhdepkpj;jthfp MNyhrNdad;d khLttdhjD/43/ M vy;yghe;jt [dU (66) uh[dd;D ];yhfd khLttuhjU.]Ng$ljy;yp uj;dka ]pk;`h]djy;yp $je;jMfh\uh[D /43/ fd;ahdp];ua fhuzj;NjN\ape;jGz;ah`thrdtd;D khb]p ]Nga kj;ajy;ypG[td;ndj;jpnfhz;L trdtd;d khjhLttdhjD. /45/uh[D khjhLj;jhNd> N`> ghe;jthpuh ]hh;q;f jDh;jhhpahj=dpth]dpNf gj;khtjpad;d nfhL;j;NjNd. ePnty;yUed;dNkNy mDf;u`khLttuhfphp. /46/ntq;flhrygjpahj =dpth]dpNf fd;dpNfad;dnfhLj;Njndk;g tf;Nf < g;ufhu g;ujpf;NQad;d khb- 82 -
FU[dhpNf g;uafudhj Mfh\uh[D FUtpdd;D FwpJ N` FUNt> ]q;fyhghde;jujy;yp ed;dpe;j VD fhh;aTkhly;gl jf;fj;J mjd;D N`SttdhF. NjtNjfsFUthj g;U`];gj;ahrhh;aD khjhLttdhjD./48/g;U`];gjpA khjhLj;jhNd> N`> Mfh\uh[Nd>y~;kPNjtpNf Mth]];jhddhj =dpth]d Nfh];fugj;hpNfad;d Nyfdkhb mtd Mfkdf;fhfpg;uh`;kzdd;D fS`p]{ttdhF./49/ Mfh\uh[Djd;d FUthj g;U`];gj;ahrhh;ad thf;atd;d NfspFUtpdd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD/150/N`>tpj;thk;]dhj FUNt> g;uhf;Uj [dhpe;j mg;uhf;Uj]hPuTs;s =dpth]dpNf N`Nf Nyfdkhljf;fJ. mjd;DN`SttdhF. mjue;Nj Nyfd khLj;NjNd /51/g;U`];gj;ahrhh;aD Mfh\uh[d trdtd;D ];utzkhbMjujpe;j k`hj;kdhj Mfh\uh[dpNf Nyfdgh\;atd;D Nghjd khLttdhjD/ 52/ Mfh\uh[D FUcgNj\;akhh;fjpe;j gj;hpNfad;d Nyfd khLttdhjD.Mg;uf;Ujthj> epj;adhj> rr;rpjhde;j ^h;j;jpahj> /53/];thje;j;udhj>mj;pg;hppg;hpadhj>mde;j&gTs;stdhj>]hh;q;f jDh;jhhpahj> gf;jg;hpadhj> > gf;jpape;j jpsaypf;NfNahf;athj &gTs;stdhj> /54/ NjthjpNjthpe;jG+[;adhj> g;u`;k G+[;adhj> t;ahg;jdhj> y~;kPNjtpNfMth]];jhddhjNtq;flhryth]pahj> 55/mq;f]`pjdhj> Guhz]`pjdhj> ]k];j NtjhjpMfkfspe;j jpspaypf;Nf m\f;athjFzfh;kTs;stdhj=judhj epdNfh];fu /56/ epd;d ghjgj;ktd;D Nehlyp,r;rp]{trp]{tMfh\uh[ehkfdhj ehD aiyNjt];Nu\;ldhj ;ldhj =dpth]Nd (mspadhFttepj;jjhpe;j)epdNf MrPh;thjtd;D khLj;NjNd. /57/aiy> y~;kPgjpahj =dpth]Nd> ed;dh];utatd;d,r;rp]{t ehD Nyfd khLj;NjNd.(67) ];jphPGj;u khj;Uhpe;j ]`pjuhfp ehnty;yUN~kjpe;j ,j;NjNt /58/ epd;d mDf;u`jpe;j ehuhazGujy;yp th]khbnfhz;bj;NjNt. ]k];juhj epk;k- 83 -
N~ktd;D gj;ujthjjpe;j jpsp]{ttdhF/59/ irj;u ]{f;yj;uNahj~p jpt]j < gj;utd;D Nyfdkhbj;NjNd. epd;dNfh];fu gj;khtjpad;D nfhLNgnfe;J ed;d Gj;jpA mNj.260/ aiy =dpth]Nd> tpth` tpjpG+h;tfthfp Mgj;ktjpad;D ];tPfhp]{ttdhF. ]{fhrh;haUg;U`];gj;ahrhh;aU ed;day;y `q;fjtd;Dgy;ytuhfpj;jhNu /61/ aiy GU\];Nu\;ldhj=dpth]Nd> fd;ahg;u`ztp\athfp ]k;]atd;DkhLttdhfNgl. it]hf kh] Rf;yg~ j\kp FUthu]{gjpt]jy;yp /62/ghe;jtu ]^jhajpe;j ]`pjdhfp> ge;Jed;dd;D cj;jhukhb ]e;Njh\jpe;j gj;kthjpaghzpf;u`zkhlNgnfe;J ed;d mg;gpuhatNj./63/ aiyGUN\hj;jkNd epdNf mjpfNtD ghpajf;fjNj/]{fhrhh;aU ahtjd;d N`Sj;jhNuNah> mNjy;ytd;d]j;athfp khLttdhF. /64/aiy> k`hDghtD> ]k];jfy;ahz Fzfspe;j ]Kj;u]j;j\D> epj;aD> ]f];t&gpA>ay;y Nyhffs cj;gj;jpfhuzD k`hj;kD Mj=dpth]Nd > epd;d Nfh];fu < g;ufhu M]Ph;thjtpuyp/65/Gj;u kpj;ughe;jthpe;j ]`pjdhj Mfh\uh[D < g;ufhucj;jkhthj gj;hpNfad;d Nyfdkhb> ]{gtuD [fjP\DMj =dpth]d ]kPgtd;D FwpJ \;Nu\;ldhj]{fhrhh;add;D fS`p]{ttdhjD.66/ xe;Jj;uNfg\jtNuNf ]{fhrh;au ]q;flte;jtdhfp]{fKdpad;d FwpJ khjhLttdhjD. uh[DkhjhLj;jhNd. aiy> ]{fKdpNa> ahtg;ufhujpe;jhfyp M=dpth]d kd];]d;D t\khb NfSttdhF. 67/MAjthfyp. y~thfyp> ]h;tthfyp> mjy;yNt Nfhbahfypmjth mh;Gjthfyp j;ut;a ]^`td;d nfhLj;NjNd.
270/ jhapA < tNuF VD fhuz gUttshfyppy;ye;Njrpe;jhgudhFttdhjD. (68) mNj fhyjy;ypf;U\;zj;itghadd Gj;udhj?/71/ \hugh;ae;ju`];jTs;s f;Ujfhh;ajy;yp ep\;uaTs;s ]{fKdpad;dfz;L M]djpe;j vj;jtdhfp mjpgf;jpape;j Af;jdhj=dpth]D khjhLttdhjD/72/ =dpth]DkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy> g;uh`;kz ];lNu\;ldhj ]{fKdpNaed;d fhh;aT gf;tNt mgf;tNt /73/ ]{fhrh;aDkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy f;Ugh]Kj;udhj =dpth]Nd epd;dfhh;aT gf;tNt ]hp. < tp\ajy;yp ]k;\atpy;ynte;J]{gfuthf;atd;d ];utzkhb G+kpay;yp jz;lhfhuthfpg;uzjdhj /74/ ]{fdd;D =dpth]D gf;jpape;jMypq;fd khbnfhz;L `h;\hjPddhFttdhjD. mj;ae;jrpj;ufuthj rhpj;uTs;s =dpth]D aiy [dfuh[Nd>]{fKdpad;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD./75/ =dpth]DkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy ]{fKdpNa> kD\;a [d;ktd;Djhp]pj aht GU\dhjU tpth`hNgN~As;stuhj aht[dU tpth`tp\ajy;yp ]`];j;u ]k;f;ahfdhj md;Ujf\;lfsd;d MLj;jhNuh> mtU ed;d itFz;ltd;dFwpJ N`hFttuhFj;jhNu/ [fj;FLk;gpahj =dpth]dfhuzjy;yp md;Ujtrdtd;d MLttU itFz;ltd;DFwpJ N`hfttuhFtnue;J VD N`sjf;fJ. /76/kD\;aD ];t]{jdd;D ];tghh;Naas;D ];t[dtd;D];tf;U`td;D jpsp]{ttdhFj;jhNd> aiy> KdpNag;u`;khz;lNt ed;d gtdT. G;uk;kNd ed;dehgpfkyjpe;j cj;gd;ddhfpj;jhNd. /77/ y~;kpA ed;dgj;dpA. Mk;]q;fthj Vk;gj;J ehy;F y~ [Ptuh\pfSedNf Xsu] Gj;uuhfNgF. 78/ aiy Kdp];Nu\;lNd> ,tuu~zjy;yp ehD jP~htj;jdhfpj;NjNd.79/ Vjhj;j\k`hFLk;g Af;jdhj ed;d fy;ahzfhuzNjN\ape;j aiy]{fKdpNa> epd;dpe;j VD me;Ujtrdtd;Dgh\zkhly;gl;bNjh? 180/ aiy KdpNa ePD Mmk;Ujgh\zkhb khbj cgfhuf;fhfp jpUfp nfhlypf;NfNgNu ahtj;J jpspAtjpy;y. `hfhjU aiy KdpNa epdNf\hPuhypq;ftd;D nfhLj;NjNd /81/ ahfe;jNu> epdNf ed;d]hPuf;fpe;jY \;Nu\;lthj Ngnuhe;jpy;y. GU\];Nu\;ldhj=dpth]D < g;ufhu khjhb M ]{fKdpNfmq;]q;fttd;d nfhLtj;jtdhjD /82/ aiy> KdpNa>- 85 -
epd;d Gz;af;Nf mtjpA ,y;y ed;d ]q;fT epdNfGz;afuthje;jhJ. epd;dpe;j N`Nf fhh;aT khly;gl;bNjhmjue;Nj fgP\;tuD/83/ thA ]{jD Mj `Dke;jD]PNja epkpj;jthfp aht fhh;atd;d khbjNdh (69),tdpNf ehD ]e;J\;ldhfp aiy G+Njtdhj ]{fKdpNa]`Ngh[dtd;D nfhLttdhNjD. 84/ kj;J ]PjhNjtpaghNjad;D mtyk;gp]pjdhj `Dke;jdpNf]j;aNyhfhjpgj;atd;D nfhLte;jtdhNjD. Aiy>U~p\;Nu\;ldhj ]{fKdpNa> `Dke;jdpe;j khbjfhh;af;fpe;jY epd;d fhh;aT ];Nu\;lthjj;J./85/< g;ufhuthfp kq;fyfuthj ehehtpj thf;atd;Dkhjhb G+[;adhj =dpth]D fN~ay;yp ]{h;ade;Njg;ufh]pj;jpUtNjnde;J ]{fKdpad;D FwpJ mde;jukj;Nj khjhLttdhjD/86/]{fKdpA khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>GU\];Nu\;ldhj =dpth]Nd> uh[];Nu\;ldhjMfh\uh[dpe;j Nyfdkhly;gl;l gj;hpNfad;DN`SttdhjD./87/ aiy> =dpth]Nd mju fhuztd;dG+h;tjy;yp epNtjd khbj;NjNd. < g;ufhu khjhlYukhfhe;jdhj =dpth]D gj;hpNfad;d k];jfjy;ypjhp]{ttdhjD. /88/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy]{fKdpNa> Mfh\uh[D mtd gjpt;uNjahj gj;dp mtdjk;kdhj njhz;lkhduh[d mtd Gj;uDN~kjpe;jjpUtNuh /89/ ]{fKdpA khjhLj;jhNd? aiy>G+jghtdhj =dpth]Nd> Mfh\uh[dpNf ]h;tTN~ktNj.190/< g;ufhu khjhb]pnfhsy;gl;l GUN\hj;jkdhj=dpth]D gj;utd;NdhJttdhjD. Gj;utd;Ndhjp]e;J\;l kd];]{s;stdhfp. khjhlnjhlfpjD/91/=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> g;uh`;kzNd> ed;dpe;jMfh\uh[dpNfh];fu gj;hpNfA Nyfdkhly;gLj;jNj. mJN`Nfe;jNu epd;d trdtd;d mD]hp]pNa uh[dpNfg;hPjpfuthj gj;uT gNuay;gLj;jNj/ 92/ mde;jujy;ypGU`pjkpj;udhj =dpth]D k`hh;j;jjpe;j ]e;J\;ldhjmj;ae;j ]e;J\;ldhj kd]pd ]{rfthj gj;utd;Df;Uzhtjhujy;yp Uf;kpzpNjtpNf Nyfdkhbje;Nj jhD];tj` Nyfd khLttdhjD/93/ uh[hjpuh[G+[;aD>- 86 -
]{jh;kuh[d Gj;uD Mj Mfh\uh[Nd> g`{gf;jpape;jek];fhp]p =dpth]dpe;j ]{gfuthj tp[g;jpNffhkjy;ypTs;s gjhjp gj;uT gNuay;gLj;jNj/ 95/ ek;kghe;jtdhfypf;Nf Nahf;a fzfspe;j G+h;zD ]{jh;kuh[dGj;uD ae;J ay;yfNlay;yp fPh;j;jpAs;stNd? 96/]hh;q;fjDh;jhhpahj =dpth]d ek];fhuT epkNf ,uyp.ghyfehj =dpth]dpe;j < tpf;Qg;jpA// (70)khly;gLj;jpNj /97/ epk;kpe;j Nyfdkhly;gl;l gj;utd;dfz;L edNf mj;ae;j ]e;Njh\thapJ. it\hf ]{j;jj\kp g;UFthu kN`hj;]tjy;yp/98/ N` Mfh\uh[Nd>epd;d Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpad;D mq;fPfhukhLttdhFj;NjNd. G+h;tjy;yp ]Kj;udhjDfd;dpNfad;D N`Nf nfhl;L g`{fPh;jpAs;stdhjNdh/99/ mjuje;Nj edNf kfsd;D nfhl;Lg`{fPh;jpAs;stdhF. `hf;Nf G+h;tjy;yp k`hDghtdhjfgpyehkf gukhj;kdpe;j f;Nuhjpe;j ghjpjuhj G+h;tPfuhj]fuuh[d Gj;udd;D/200/ G+h;tjy;yp k`huh[dhjgfPujuh[D ghfPujPad;D je;J mtud;D cj;jhukhbfPh;jpad;d n`he;JttdhjNdh> 201/ mNj g;ufhuthfpepd;d ]{e;jhpahj fd;dpNad;D edNf nfhL. epd;dG+h;Nthj;ju Fytd;D cj;jhukhb mjujpe;j Jh;ygthjfPh;jpad;D n`he;JttdhF./2/ N`> uh[];Nu\;lNd>epdNf tpN\\NtD ghpajf;fjNj. Mfh\uh[D mtdUj;jp jh;kp\;ldhj ]{fKdpA ahtjd;D gy;ytNd,j;jhNd /3/ < g;ufhu ek];fhu G+h;tfthfp ed;dtpf;QhgNd. ]{fKdpA khjhLj;jhNd> /4/ N]\hryf;Nf];thkpahj =dpth]Nd> ]{gfuthj cj;jk gj;utd;DgNuJ ]{fKdpape;j e;Ug];N\;ldhj nfhsy;gl;lGUN\hj;jkd ]{fKdpape;j fS`p]{ttdhjD/5/=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy ]{fKdpNa>uh[];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D ed;d Fy> Nfhj;utd;Dn`]U th]];js Ke;jhj;jd;D tprhukhlNjfd;dpNfad;D N`Nf nfhLttdhFj;jhNd jpspaJ. /6/]{fKdpA khjdhLj;jhNd> aiy> =dpth]Nd epdNfFytpy;y> Nfhj;utpy;y> [dd kuztpy;y ^g;gpy;y>t;Ujpapy;y ];jhdtpy;y> M];uatpy;y./7/ aiy- 87 -
GUN\hj;jkNd> ePD t;ah;j;jthfp tpyk;gdtd;D khj;ukhLttdhFj;jp. g;u]pj;jD [fj;gjpA Mj epd;d Fy Nfhj;Ke;jhju gf;Nf [du mNgN~,y;y. /8/ ed;d ghf;ajpe;jMfh\uh[D epdNf fd;dpNfad;D nfhLttdhFj;jhNd.Aiy> [fd;dhjNd> ed;d ghf;ajpe;j Mfh\uh[dNkNyjNaad;D khb/9/ epd;dpe;j gj;khtjp ehkf fd;dpNfAf;UNgape;j utpfhukhly;gl;ljf;fj;J. /210/ < g;ufhu`hpad;D ];Jjp]p `hpjh;\djpe;j g;uhg;jthj `h;\Ts;s]{fhrhh;aD `hpape;j Gd` Ngffsp]pjtdhfpMfh\uh[d Gutd;D FwpJ gUttdhjD./11/Kdp];Nu\;ldhj ]{fKdpA N`hjNkNygf;jtj;]yD G+[;aD Mj =dpth]D t;Uj;jS jhhpAjZtpdpe;j gy;ypjtS jhapA Mj gFyhtjpad;D fz;L.ek];fhp]p (71) khjtD y~;kPgjpahj =dpth]Dthf;atd;d MLttdhjD/12/ =dpth]DkhjdhLj;jhNd> fkyje;Nj KfTs;s gFyhtjpNa> epdNfVdfhuz jlthapJ. aiy> jhapNa> Mfh\uh[d efujy;ypVD t;Uj;jhe;jtNj. mjd;D edNf N`SttshF/13/gFyhtjpA khjhLj;jhNs> aiy> GU\ ];Nu\;ldhj=dpth]Nd> g`{aj;djpe;j epdNf fd;dpNfAepNah[p]y;gl;lS> < tp\ajy;yp ijtNt cj;jknte;JjpspAj;NjNd. ngsU\td;d fhuztpy;y. /14/ aiy>=dpth]Nd ehuhazh];ukjpe;j jh;kNjtpAg;uhg;jshfpj;jS. ijtNahfjpe;j ]{kq;fNy jh;kNjtpehkfnfhutQ;[pA uh[ke;jputd;D FwpJ g;uhg;jshjS/15/ Mjh;kNjtpA Mfh\uh[d Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpehkffd;dpNfad;D epdNf jhdkhlNgnfe;J N`SttshjS.M fd;dpNfahjU epd;d n`hh;j;J md;adhj nysfpftudd;D ,r;rp]{tjpy;y/16/ Mfh\uh[D M cgajuthf;atd;D Nfsp mDNkhjd gLttdhjD. < Gj;hpad;DNtq;flhryjy;yp th]khbj =dpth]dpNfh];funfhLj;Njnde;J /17/ Mfh\uh[D ]Ngkj;ajy;yp]q;fy;gtd;D khLttdhfpj;jhNd. epd;dpe;j ,Jjpspay;gl;by;y. ijtNt Kf;afhuznte;J jpspAttdhF/18/ < g;ufhu khj;U trdtd;d ];utzkhb> =dpth]D];ty;G`h];a KfTs;stdhfp jhapad;D khbrpe;jp]{ttdhfp thf;atd;d EbAttdhjD /19/- 88 -
,jp =kj;gtp\;Nahj;u ;Nahj;u GuhNz = Ntq;fNlrk`hj;k;Na>gj;khtjp gupza ep];uNahdhk etNkhj;aha: // (9)------10j\Nkhj;aha:= y~;kP e;U]pk;` g;u]Pj:------(71)[dfuh[D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> ]Q;[dg;upaDG+[;aD Mj ]jhde;jNd> ukhgjpahj =dpth]D jhapathf;atd;D ];utzkhb VD khLttdhjD? mjd;D]tp];jhuthfp N`SttdhF/1/ ]jhde;jD N`Sj;jhNd>aiy> [dfuh[Nd> ePD `hpgf;juy;yp mf;Nu]uD . `hpNf]h;tfhy g;hpafuD Mjjhpe;j `hpfNjay;yp M]f;jkd];]{s;stdhfpUtp. Mj fhuzjpe;j epdNf M=dpth]D khbj fhh;atd;D N`Sj;NjNd NfS / 2/aiy [dfuh[Nd> `hpA jhD Mde;jG+h;zdhj fh;ktd;DNghfp]{t eude;Nj jhapape;j (72) Ebay;gl;l thf;atd;d];utzkhb jhapahj gFyhtjpad;D FwpJ kJutrdtd;dMLttdhjD /3/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>jhapNa> < kN`hj;]ttd;D khlypf;Nf ek;k Gj;jpAcj;gd;dthFtjpy;y. ahNfe;jNu ge;Ju`pjdhj ed;d`hF ghe;jthpe;j Af;jdhj Mfh\uh[d $l ]k;ge;jT]hpahFtjpy;y /4/ ahuy;yp j;ut;aT ]khdtNjNa ahutk;\T]hpapj;jNah> mtuy;yp tpth`T ]k;jpaT Af;jthfpNjhUj;jNj. MjNu cj;kuhjkuy;yp tpth`T ikj;hpaTAf;jthFtjpy;y /5/ tpth`T tpthjT ]khdhpNfN]hgp]{j;jNj. ehD VfhfpA (tl;bFD) M Mfh\uh[Dghe;jthpe;j ]`pjdhjtD /6/ aiy> jhapNa> ghe;jthpe;jAf;jhj < Mfh\uh[dpNf ge;Ju`pjdhj ed;dpe;j]k;ge;jT N`Nf crpjthjpJ. ][;[dU < tpjj ]k;ge;jT]{ffuthFtjpy;yNte;J N`Sj;jhNu> Mjhpe;j < rpe;NjAed;dd;D ep];uathfp ghNjgb]{j;Nj /7/- 89 -
Mfh\uh[D ge;J`Pddhj edNf fd;dpNfad;dN`Nf nfhLj;jhNd? =dpth]d < trdtd;D];utzkhb gFyhNjtpA khjhbjkS /8/ gFyhtjpakhjhLj;jhNs> aiy> =dpth]Nd> Nyhfjy;yp epd;d]khdGU\D ay;ypA m]j;atd;D khjhLtjpy;y.ghg`pjuhj U~pfS ]j;atd;Nd N`Sj;jhNu. /9/ aiy>=dpth]Nd ]{fhrhh;aU NjtNjfs FUthj mq;fPh]U~pGj;udhj g;u`];gj;ahrhh;aU < cgajU epd;dtpth` fhh;ajy;yp ep\;NlAs;stuhfpj;jhNu.]{jh;kp\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D epdNf fd;dpNfad;DnfhLNjnde;J ep];uap]pj;jhNd. Mjd MN\ad;Dt;ah;j khlNgl /10/ aiy =dpth]Nd> g;u`;k-Uj;unkhjyhj ge;Jfshj ]k];j NjtNjfsd;D Gj;udDkhj;Ufsd;D N]h]pae;jpud;d ];khp]{ttdhF /11/ aiy>=dpth]Nd> M NjtNjfs Mfktd;D fypAfjy;ypJh;ygT Mjfhuz M Mfh\uh[dhjU epd;d]k;ge;Njfuhj [dud;d NehLttdhfyp. /12/g;Uj;tPfhudhF ][;[dhpNf fjpg;ujD Mj =dpth]Djhapahj gFyhtjpa trdtd;D Nfsp fUl N]\ud;Dkd];]pdy;yp ];khp]pjD. /13/ =dpth]D ];khp]pj$lNy fUl-N]\D N\]\hryf;Nf ];thkpahj=dpth]d ]kPgtd;D FwpJ gUttuhjU.GuhzGU\dhj =dpth]D gf;jpape;j Kk;ghfjy;ypepe;jpUt fUl-N]\dd;D fz;L Mf;Qhgp]{ttdhjD/14/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd . aiy> g~p];Nu\;ldhjfUlNd> ]j;aNyhfhjpgD (73) edNf g;hpa Gj;uD Mjg;u`;kdd;D FwpJ fkd khLttdhF. Aiy>N]\Nd>]h;tG+\zD ed;d ngsj;juD ghh;tjpgjpA Mj\q;fud ]kPgf;Nf ePD fkdkhLttdhF/15/ g;ufhu =dpth]D khjhb ]{gfuthj gj;utd;dgNuJ fUl-N]\ud;D fS`p]{ttdhjD. fUl-N]\Ugj;utd;D ]k];j [fj;jpNf ];thkpahj =dpth]dd;Dek];fhp]p Mfh\ khh;fjpe;j fkd khLttuhjU/16/g~puh[dhj fUlD kj;aNyhftd;d FwpJ fkdkhb>]{h;ade;Nj fhe;jpAs;sg;U`dd;D Nehb gf;jpape;j ekp]pgj;utd;d nfhLttdhjD /17/ gpjhk`dhj g;u`;kDfUldd;D fz;L khjhbjD. g;u`;kD khjhLj;jhNd>aiy> f\;ag Gj;uD g~puh[D Mj fUlNd> g`{- 90 -
jpt]f;Nf gUttdhjp. /18/ ed;d je;NjA[fj;t;ahgfdhj=dpth]D ay;ypUj;jhNd. aht ];jsjy;yp th]khbnfhz;bUttdhfpj;jhNd. g~puh[D gpjhk`dhjg;u`;kd trdtd;d Nfsp ];utzkhb khjhLttdhjD./19/ fUlD khjhLj;jhNd. aiy g;u`;kNd> epd;dje;Njahj =dpth]D ntq;flhryjy;ypth]khbnfhz;bUj;jhNd. aiy> rJuhddNd> ehD M=dpth]d tpth`hh;jthfp ge;jpUj;Njnde;J jpsp /20/aiy g;u`;kNd> =dpth]dpe;j gNuay;gl;l gj;utd;DmNyhftkhLttdhF. ]h;tt;ahg;jdhj `hF NjtUgj;hpNfad;d (gj;utd;D) gb]{ (XJ) ttuhjU/ 21/]puQ;[PtD> Gj;uD ehgpay;yp [d;kTs;stD Mjg;u`;kdpNfh];fu Ntq;flhryf;Nf ];thkpahj =dpth]dkq;fsfuT / 22/ NtNjhj;f ]k;ge;jpA G\;fyT Mj ]k];jM\Ph;thjfS. ]h;tfhyjy;yp ,uyp. fypAfjy;ypMfh\uh[D edNf fd;ahjhdtd;d khbnfhLj;jhNd/23/ gj;utd;D fz;l $lNy Gj;uU NyhfghyfU ];jphPaUfe;jh;tU ]h;gfNs nkhjyhjhthpe;j ]`pjdhfp /24/ ge;J>fy;ahd kN`hj;]ttd;D Nehb N`hFttdhF.< g;ufhu gj;hpfhh;j;jtd;D jpSnfhz;L g;u`;kD];ty;g `h];aKfjpe;j Af;jdhfp /25/ tpth`td;DNehlNgnfe;J FJ}`yTs;s g;u`;kD m]j;j\thj]e;Njh\td;D j;thughyfud;D fhp]p Vjhh;j\thjtrdtd;d khjhttdhjD/ 26/ aiy> j;thughyfhpuh> Nghp>Je;Jgp> nkhjyhj thj;afS ghhp]y;glyp. G+jyjy;yp ed;df;ukdT MFjNje;J epkpj;j g;u]pj;jp khly;glyp./ 27/ kq;fsfuthjg;uahz Nghpa j;tdpA ]h;thpe;jY ]e;Njh\jpe;j ];utzkhly;gLj;jNj. Aiy g;u`;kNd> aht Nj\j cj;jp\;lthfpthj;aT ghhp]y;gljf;fnjk;gjd;D N`SttdhF. / 29/rJh;KfD khjhLj;jhNd> gujfz;ljy;yp [k;G+j;tPgjy;ypj~pz jpf;fpdy;ypUt N\\hryj cj;jp\;athfprJuq;fjpe;j Af;jthfp ed;d cj;jkthj i]d;atd;DN`hub]{ttdhnfe;J N`sp N]dhgjpad;d FwpJ Gd`khjhLttdhjD. aiy> \z;KfNd ]k];j- 91 -
NjtNjfsd;D jpf;ghyfud;d fhp]{ttdhF /30/ 31/]h;thpNf gpjhk`dhj g;u`;kD ]j;aNyhfjy;yp ]h;t[dud;D FwpJ jhNd khjhLttdhjD.aiy> [dNu> u]pfuthj ePnty;yU fypAfjy;yp ed;dje;Njahj =dpth]d fy;ahzhh;j (tpth`kN`hj;]thh;j;j) thfp ]k];j N]dhdhafU ee;dpe;j]`pjuhfp n`huLte;j uhfphp. N]dhdhafU < g;ufhug;u`;kd trdtd;D Nfsp g;u`;kdpNf khjhLttuhjU./32-33/ N]dhgjpfS khjhLj;jhNu> aiy> g;u`;kNd>thh;\pf Ntjdtd;D ekNf nfhLttdhF. epd;d ]q;flfkd khLj;NjNt/34/ < g;ufhu N]dhehafepe;j khjhb]pNfsy;gl;l g;u`;kD mthpNf j;ut;atd;dnfhLte;jtdhjD. tprpj;uthj th`dfsd;Dehdhtpjthj ujfsd;D/35/ G+\zfsd;D > t];j;ufsd;D>jujuj uj;dfsd;d gpjhk`D tpth`hh;jthfp gj;dpaud;dmyq;f;Uj;juhFtjf;nf fS`p]{ttdhjD /36/ fhe;jpAs;sg;u`;kD jhD me;juf;Ujjy;yp N`hfp myq;f;UjdhFttdhjD.$lNy ];jphPa ]pu];]pdy;yp f;hPltd;djhp]pjD/37/ md;a ]pu];]pdy;yp nfk;gz;zjc\;zpad;D jhp]pjD. j~pd k];jfjy;yp\pNuh];Nu\;ltd;D ge;jd khbnfhz;lD/38/md;athjehy;fNd k];jfjy;yp F\fspe;j f;hPltd;Durp]{tttdhjD. fh;zfsy;yp ePyitLh;anksf;jpfsdpe;j Af;jdhj kfuFz;lyfsd;D jhp]pj;jD.]{th;zhj;kf fq;fzfspe;j fufsd;D G+]p]pjD/ 39/etuj;d fspe;j Af;jthj ftrtd;d jhp]{ttdhjD.Kf;jhkzpfspe;j G\pjthj fhe;jpjhktd;D ge;jdkhbnfhz;lD/ 40/ ]u];tjp> ]htpj;hp> fhaj;jpaud;D /41/`];j];u ujfspe;j ]`pjuhf Gj;u ngsj;uud;Dkd`gj;udd;D tPh;aGj;udd;D fNuJ mde;ju g;u`;kD/42/ myq;fhu Af;jud;dkhb g;uahzhG+\fdhjD.g;u`;kD jd;d i]d;atd;d Ke;Nj khbnfhz;Lgl;lzjpe;j n`huLttdhjD /42/ Nyhff;Nf (75)gpjhk`dhj g;u`;kD re;j;ude;Nj fhe;jpAs;s `k;]td;DMNuh`z khbjD. g;u`;kgj;dpaU tprpj;ufuthjtpkhdfsd;d MNuh`z khLttuhjU /44/ aiy>[dfuh[Nd> M fhyjy;yp fz;Nl-rhku-eph;Njh\fspe;j]`pjthj f[h];tujfsy;yp $je;j tpuh]dTs;s fPj- 92 -
\uN\hgpG+juhjU /45/ crpjthj j;t[fspe;jY jPh;j;jfe;jhNffspe;jY myq;f;Ujuhfp jujuj MAjfsd;d jhp]pjtPuU n`huLttuhjU. mtu kj;ajy;yp g;u`;kD> /46/aiy [dfuh[Nd> re;j;uD Mfh\jy;yp e~j;ufspe;jN\hgp]{te;Nj N\hgp]{ttdhjD. uj;dkathjFk;gt;UJ N`ke;jT Ts;se;j Nah[dj;uagijjutp];jPh;zthje;j j\y~ ]k;f;ahfuhj [dhpe;j jhp]y;gl;lNjthjpNjtdhj g;u`;kd ];Nu\;lthj Mfh\uh[dgl;lztd;D g;ufh\p]{tjhapJ /47-48/ aiy[dfuh[Nd> ehdhtpjthj thj;afsd;d thjdkhLte;jttuhjU. tg;guhjU ghufsd;D Kd;D}UJe;Jgpfsd;D/49/ k;Ujq;f> gzt> lf;Nf> kl;L ep];]z>epz;bkfsd;D NfhKffsd;d Ku[fsd;D tPNzfsd;DJe;NjNt thj;afsd;D/50/ ];tufspe;j ]`pjthjgh;gufspe;jY \j];Uq;f thj;afspe;jY ]h;gfspNfNkh`fthj thj;afs tprpj;uthjTs;s ]g;juhfTs;sthj;afspe;jY /51/ \{j;jghufspe;jY t\l;fhufspe;jY\q;ftd;D j;tdpkhLtthpe;jY j;tuNkjjy;yp gdpaud;Dfhad epg+zuU Mj fe;jh;tjpe;jY /52-53/]{]{fht`thj tPzh jz;l];j ]{j;ufspe;j thjdkhLtthpe;jY eh;jfPjjpe;jY $lNy `h`h `{`{ ehkffe;jh;tjpe;j Af;juhj ]{j-khfj te;jpfspe;jY Jk;Gudpe;j];Njhj;u khb]pnfhs;sy;gLt =dpth]dkN`hj;]ttd;d ];jfjy;yp mNgN~As;s ]k];jNjtNjfS/54-55/ Kk;ghfjy;yp fkd khLt g;u`;kdd;DmD]hp]p N`hFttuhjU. ]j;aNyhfjy;yp eph;zfsy;ypNyhfjy;yp> [NdhNyhfjy;yp> mde;ju k`Nyhfjy;ypG+Nyhfjy;yp> ];th;fNyhfjy;yp> G+jyjy;yp < g;ufhuthfpf;ukjpe;j g;uhg;jdhj k`hghf;a\hypahj g;u`;kdd;D[dU NehLte;jtuhjU./ 56/ ]j;a]k;gd;ddhj U~pfSmj;ae;j jh;\dTs;s th]{Njtnde;Nj MfhuTs;sm;f;dpNf ]khddhj Kffhe;jpAs;s /57/ ay;y [fNjhbaDmf;u[D Mj g;u`;kdd;D fz;L nfytU fhk;gPh;ajpe;j
g;u`;kd mDrutd;D g;u];dkhLttuhjU /59/-60/g;uh`;kzU khjhLj;jhNu> aiy> [dNu> g;u`;kd MfkdTaht Nj\j cjp\athfp VDfhuz ak;gjDN`Sttuhfpup. [du khjhLj;jhNu. aiy U~pfspuh> mtud;d mD]hp]pN`hFte;jtuhjU /62/ mf;dpN`hj;hpe;jY Gj;uhpe;jY\p\;ahpe;jY ]hkf;hpafspe;jY ]`pjuhfp> fkdkhLttuhjU. g;u`;kD < tpjj itgtd;D n`he;jpNtq;flhrytd;d FwpJ N`hFttdhjD/ 63 thjpj;ufsj;tdpape;jY Je;Jgpfs j;tdpape;jY gh;tj td ]`pjthfp< [fj;J G+hpjthapJ/ 64/mNj fhyjy;yp nysfPf [dhpe;j Af;jdhj =dpth]DfUldd;D Nehlj jhapahj gFyhtjpad;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD/65/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>jhapNa> Gj;udpNfh];fu ed;dpe;j fS`p]y;gl;ltdhjfUlD < tNuF VDfhuz gUtdhfypy;y? khh;fjy;ypahhpe;jhjU epNuhjkhb]p nfhsy;gl;lNdh. N`Nf mjthVDfhuz guypy;yntk;gjd;D N`SttshF / 66/ aiy rhuNd> ed;dGj;uD vy;ypj;jhNd? ePD ahhpe;j fS`p]y;gl;bj;jp. rhuDkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy> =dpth]Nd> epd;d Gj;udhjg;u`;kD ghfPujpad;D jhb gUj;jhNd /68/ M rhuD aiy>];thkpNa epd;d Gj;udhj g;u`;kD ]h;t[dhpe;j $bNfhjhthpad;D jhb gUj;jhypj;jhNd/69/ M =dpth]DJ}jd trdtd;D ];utz khb J}]{`h];aKfTs;stdhjD. M fhyjy;yp g;u`;kdpe;jg;Nuhpjdhj fUlD gUttdhjD./70// g;uhg;jdhj fUlD=dpth]dd;D FwpJ ek];fhp]p trdtd;D M fhyjy;ypEbAte;jtdhjD. fUlD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy.=dpth]Nd> epd;d Gj;udhj g;u`;kD f;U\;zhejpad;djhb =i\y gh;tjtd;D iajp /71/ mN`hgygh;tjtd;D- 94 -
FwpJ ge;jpj;jhNd. my;yp ehD// (77) g;u`;kdpe;jMf;Qhg;jdhfp ,y;ypNf gUttdhfpj;NjNd. k`hj;kdhjfUlD < g;ufhu khjhLj;jpuY /72/ jj;~zjy;ypNa aiy[dfuh[Nd> tp\;tf;N]dD ge;J ek];fhp]p tpdpjdhfpguhj;gudhj =dpth]dd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD /73/tp\;tf;N]dD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> =dpth]Nd>Jk;GUjPh;jtd;D iajp> my;yp epd;d Gj;uD k`hj;kD MjrJh;KfTs;s g;u`;kD ];dhdkhLj;jhNd /74/ epd;djh;\djy;yp epd;d Gj;udhj g;u`;kD nfsJ}fyTs;stdhfp,y;ypNf g;uhjdhFj;jhNd. N]dhgjpA < g;ufhuthfpkhjhLj;jpuY G+[;adhj =dpth]D ]e;Njh\jpe;jVSttdhjD /75/ fUl];fe;jh&ldhj =`hpAcj;juhgpKfdhfp Gj;u ];Nd`jpe;j g;uahzhgpKfdhfpfkd khLttdhjD /76/M fhyjy;yp tp\;tf;N]dD mjpNtfjpe;jg;u`;kdd;D iajp \pu];]pdpe;j ek];fhp]p gf;jpape;jg;u`;kdd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjhD /77/tp\;tf;N]ddD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> g;u`;kNd>fkyje;Nj Nej;ufSs;s G+[;adhj gukhj;kD epd;djh;\zjy;yp mNgN~As;stdhfp fUl ];fe;jdd;DMNuh`khb epd;d ]kPgtd;D FwpJ gUj;jpj;jhNd /78/Gj;jp\hypahj tp\;tf;N]dd M trdtd;D ];utzkhbg;u`;kD re;j;udpNf ]kdthj fhe;jpAs;s `k;]jpe;jnfsNf ,spjD /79/ =dpth]D vy;yp gUj;jpj;jNdhmy;ypNf ghjfspe;j \Pf;uthfp eNlAj;j gUttdhjD.aiy> [dfuh[Nd> M g;u`;kD [dfdhj =dpth]dd;DNehLttdhjD/80/ jz;lhfhuthfp =dpth]dpNfek];fhp]p> fufsd;D N[hb]pnfhz;L Kk;ghfjy;ypepy;YttdhjD. =epth]dhjU fUldpe;j ,spJg;u`;kdd;D iajpj;jD /81/ =dp]h]D g;u`;kdd;Dvg;gp]p mg;gpnfhz;L khjhLttdhjD. =dpth]DkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy. jhjNd> epdNf kq;fsthfyp. VS.MJuD f;U\D Mj ed;dd;D NehLttdhF. /82/ aiyg;u`;kNd> g`{ fhyjpe;j e;pd;d Gj;jpA ed;d jh;\djy;ypM]f;j;jAs;se;jhapNj. epd;d Gj;jpA ed;d jh;\zjy;ypM]f;jthje;Nj cj;ktnte;J jpspAj;NjNd /83/ aiy.g;u`;kNd> epd;d n`hh;j;jhfp ]e;Njh\thFt t];Jtpy;y /84/ ,e;j;hpafspNf epahkfdhj =dpth]D < g;ufhu- 95 -
khjhLj;jpuY g;u`;kD khjhlypy;y. =dpth]dhjU vuLK`{h;j;j tNuNf khjhLttdhfypy;y. 85/ gpjh Gj;uugu];guthfp Mde;j gh\;ajpe;j (78) jbjthjNej;ufsSs;stshjU. ];Nd`jpe;j g;uGy;ypjthjKfTs;s cgajU gu];guthfp Kftd;d NehLttuhjU/86/ g;u`;kD je;Nja Kftd;D =dpth\D Gj;udKftd;D `PNf tg;gud;ndhg;gU NehLte;jtdhjU.mde;jujy;yp cgajU ]e;J\;lthjkd];]{s;stuhfp> guugug;hPjpad;d N`he;JttuhjU/ 87/kj;aNyhf epth]pfS Njt]Ngay;yp f;hPb]{j;jpUt je;Njkf;fshj =dpth] g;u`;kdd;D fz;L/88/ =dpth]dkhNaape;j Nkh`pjuhj NjtNjfs gukhde;jtd;d n`he;jp>khjhLttuhjU./ NjtNjfS khjhLj;jhNu> Nyhfjy;yp=dpth]de;j je;jpapy;y. g;u`;kde;j Gj;udpy;y ae;JkhjhLttuhjU /89/ < g;ufhu gf;jp];Nd` t\uhj MNjtNjfS ];Njhj;u khLttuhjU. mde;jujy;ypGj;udd;D ]khjhd gb]p Nej;Nuhjftd;D thp]p/90/g;u`;kd `];jtd;D vj;jp ];tNdj;Nuhjftd;dthp]pnfhz;L ty;kPf ];jhdtd;d iajp> Gj;udpe;j]`pjdhfp FspjD /91/ M ty;kPf ];jhdjy;ypGUN\hj;jkdhj =dpth]D g;u`;kdd;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD. =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>g;u`;kNd> ed;d N]hN]au N~ktd;D Gj;u-ngsj;ug;ungsj;uN~ktd;D edNf N`SttdhF /92/ aiyg;u`;kUj;uhpNf epd;dmDf;u`jpe;j ekNf ]h;tT kq;fstNj. /-93/ aiy>GuhzGU\dhj jhjNd epd;d N~ktd;d edNfN`SttdhF.=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> Gj;udhj g;u`;kNd>j;thguAfj me;jae;jghfjy;yp khly;gl;l fh;ktd;D]htjhd rpj;jjpe;j ];utzkhLttdhF /94/ aiy>g;u`;kNd> itFz;ljy;yp N]\jy;gjy;yp \adkhbjed;dd;D g;UFU~pA ghjjyjpe;j t~];jsjy;ypjhldkhLttdhNjD / 95/ aiy kfNd> M fhyjy;ypepd;d [ddpahj y~;kPNjtpA futPu Gutd;d FwpJN`hFttshjS. M Jf;fjpe;j cj;jkthj itFz;ltd;Dj;ahfkhb /96/ ,y;yp Ntq;flhrytd;d FwpJgUttdhNjD. ,y;yp th] ];jhdtd;D FwpJ- 96 -
NehLj;jpUtdhfpy;y. aiy> fUzh epjpNa> Nrhyuh[dk;Uj;aD uh[ghh;aspe;j jhbjdhjtdhfp kq;fsfushj ed;d jhapad;D (79) FwpJek];fhp]p < g;ufhu khjhb]p nfhsy;gl;l =g;u`;kNjtD,e;jphpaepahkfdhj =dpth]d jhapahj gFyhtjpad;DFwpJ ek];fhp]pjD. /99/ g;u`;kD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>=dpth]Nd> < epd;d jhhapA G+h;tjy;yp vy;yp [dp]pjS?Aiy> G+[;aNd> ,jd;D N`SttdhF. Ahnfe;jNu edNfNfsNgnfk;g FJ}`ytNj/ 100/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd>aiy> gu`;kNd> aN\hNjA> gFNya &gjpe;j[dp]pjtshfp Ntq;flhryjy;yp ,Uj;jhNs. aiy>g;u`;kNd> ,tspe;j ehD g`{ fhyj tNuNfu~pjdhfpj;NjNd /1/ MjNu Mgj;fhyjy;yp ahUu~Nzad;D khLj;jhNuNah> mtud;D je;Nj `hFFUnte;J jpspaNgF. te;jhndhe;J fhyjy;ypk;Ufah]f;jdhfp gj;kjPh;j ]kPgjy;yp /2/ gUttdhNj.my;ypUt G\;gtdjy;yp fd;dpNfaU ge;jpj;jU. Mfd;dpNfau kj;ajy;yp g;ufh\khdNshg;g fd;dpNfAge;jpj;jS /3/ mtsd;D Mfh\uh[d Gj;hpahjgj;khtjpak;g n`]hpdpe;j jpspNjD. M fd;dpNfgj;khtjp ehkfshj Mfh\uh[d Gj;hpae;jY N`sj;jhNu.M gj;khtjpad;D fz;L ed;d kd];]{ MNfad;NdmNg~p]{j;jNj /4/ ePD edNf g;hpafudhj Gj;udhfpUtp.Mj;jhpe;j edNf M gj;khtjpad;D flNdkhLttdhF.< g;ufhu =dpth]D khjhLj;jpuY Je;Jgp j;tdpANfsp]y;gl;bJ. /5/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd . aiy>g;u`;kNd> < thj;aT ahuJ? ahtjD ed;dd;D FwpJgUj;jhNd. < g;ufhu =dpth]D khjhLj;jpuY thAT=dpth]dd;D n`he;JttdhjD. /6/ ghujpgjpahjthAT vztd;D MNuh`zkhb ]{fe;j j;ut;atd;Djf;nfhz;L N]\hrytd;D FwpJ gUttdhjD. J\;l[dkh;jfdhj =dpth]D ];Nu\;l FzTs;s [;Na\;lGj;udhj thAtpdd;D FwpJ N~khypq;fd g+h;tfthfp]e;Njh\jpe;j Af;jdhfp /7/ $JNfh ak;tjhfp MthAtpdd;D FwpJ ]hJ ]hJ ae;J khjhLtthjD.- 97 -
=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> Gj;u> tp\ajy;ypfy;ahzfudhj ghujpgjpahj thANt /8/ ghujp NjtpA]h;tNyhffsy;yp tp~{j;jshjtnse;J edNf NjhUj;jNj.=dpth]D < g;ufhuthfp khjhLj;jpuY ePyfz;lDgUttdhjD / 9/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd> ghh;tjP \z;Kfg;ukafzjpe;j ]`pjdhj Uj;uD gpjhk`dhj=dpth]dd;D [dfdhj g;u`;kdd;D FwpJek];fhp]pjD. /110/ ,e;jphpafspNf epahkfdhj=dpth]D g;uhg;jdhj ]q;fudd;D Mypq;fd khbkhjhbjD. aiy> kq;fsfuD tj;]D Mj ePyfz;lNd>,e;j cj;jkthj M]djy;yp $JNfh /11/ =dpth]DePyfz;ldpe;j $b < g;ufhu khjhLj;jpuY jj;fhyjy;ypeuth`dD a~\;Nu\;lD Mj FNguD /12/ Gj;u (80)kpj;ug;Uj;ahpe;jY ghh;a ge;Jfspe;jY Af;jdhfpgUttdhjD. Aiy> [dfuh[Nd> G+[;adhj =dpth]DFNgud;D fz;L /13/ aiy> k`hguhf;Qdhj jdhjpgNd>]h;tfhyjy;yp jdte;jdhFttdhF. =dpth]DjNd];tudd;D < g;ufhu M]Ph;thjjpe;j]e;Njh\p]{ttdhjD. /14/ ];th`h ];tjh NjNtahpe;j]`pjdhje;j N]\h&ldhje;j mf;dpA Gj;u ge;Jfspe;j]`pjdhfp Ntq;flhrytd;D FwpJ g;uhg;jdhFttdhjD/15/ [fj;gjpahj =dpth]D mf;dpad;D fz;L ]e;Njh\ghpjdhfp Ntfjpe;j mf;dpad;d Mypq;fd khbnfhz;lD.$L Fnle;j khjhLttdhjD /16/mde;jujy;yp g;Nuj mjpgjpahj akDJ}ujpe;jkhNaape;jY ]`;pjdhfp ];tfPa th`d (k`p\)td;DMNuh`zkhbnfhz;L N]\hrytd;D FwpJgUttdhjD /17/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd> mde;jujy;ypk`hg;uhf;Qdhj rpj;uFg;jD gUtthjD. [yhjpgdhjtUzD meh&ldhfp gUttdhjD /18/ khNaape;jYg`{ujdfspe;jY Af;jdhfp ehuhaz fphpad;d FwpJgUte;jtdhjD. `hNf> \rpgjpA ]h;tNkhffspNfM];uaD ];Nu\;lD j;jpjN\];tuD Mj ,e;j;uDIuhtjh&ldhfp ngsNyhkpape;jY Gj;juhpe;jY ]`pjdhfpg;uhg;dhFte;jtdhjD. kj;J =dpth]dpe;j Nahf;ajhD]huthfp ]uf;Ujdhfp $LtttdhjD. /19/120/ mNjfhyjy;yp re;j;u ]{h;aU gUttuhjU. kj;J kd;kjD- 98 -
^y&gjpe;j ujp ]`pj m];th&ldhfp gUttdhjD /21/aiy [dfuh[Nd> KdpfS ];Nu\;lthj N]\hrytd;DFwpJ g;uhjuhFttuhjU. f];ag> mj;hp> guj;th[> thkNjt>nfsjk> /22/tp];thkpj;u> t]p\;l> thy;kPfp> gu]{uhk>Gy];a> jjprp> ]{d` ]\ fhyt>/23/ fhf;h;> f;U\;z>mtnuy;yU Gj;ughpf;u` ]`pjuhfp gUttuhjU. fe;jh;tU>mg;]u];jphPaU. ]pj;jU ]h;gfS ,tnuy;yUgUttuhjU/24/ < g;ufhu k`h;gpfS NjtNjfS uh[Utp\;Zgf;juhj uh[U> =dpth]d tpth`hh;jthfp]k;g;ukjpe;j Af;juhfp gUttuhjU./25/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd>=dpth]D g;uhg;juhjthpNf mtututNahf;ajhD]huthfp ]d;khd ]d;khd khb ]h;tUKg;ghfjy;yp $Lttuhfpnue;J N`SttdhjD /26/]h;tU g;uhjuhj NkNy tp];tfh;kD =dpth]d j;U\;bNfNfhrudhFte;jtdhjD(81) ,e;jphpafspNf epahkfdhj =dpth]Dtp];tf;N]dd;D fz;L mjp NfhgTs;stdhfp ,e;j;ude;EFwpJ khjhLttdhjD./27/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd>aiy ,e;j;uNd> ,e;j;uNd>,tD ,juud;D NehLte;Njed;dd;D NehLj;jhNd. aiy> ]{u];Nu\;ldhj ,e;j;uNdts;NsjhapJ. J\;ldhj ,tdd;dD nfy]jpe;j njNf/29/ aiy> ,e;j;uNd> NjtNjfs kNdnfy]fsd;DkhLty;yp \hyfh;kudD \j;jD ed;dy;yp gf;jpG+jD MjNgnuhg;g md;aTU\dd;D epNah[p]{ /230/ aiy>[dfuh[Nd> tp];tfh;kD < tpjj mg;hpathj trdtd;dNfsp> gaf;u[;jdhgp =dpth]dd;D FwpJek];fhp]{ttdhjD. /31/ tp];tfh;kD khjhLj;jhNd>aiy> G+[;adhj =dpth]Nd> ed;d mf;Qhdjpe;j epdNfmgP\;lthj aht fhh;aT khly;gl;by;yNt aiy> fUzh]Kj;udhj =dpth]Nd> ed;d M mguhjtd;d~kp]{ttdhF /32/ NjthjpNjtD Njt];Nu\;lD Mj=dpth]Nd my;gdhj ed;d NkNy ,j;jpjthj NfhgTNaDfhuz epdFz;lhapJ /33/ < g;ufhu tp];tfh;kdpe;jg;hPjpjdhj =dpth]D ,e;j;udd;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD. aiy> ,e;j;uNd> NjtNjfs ]YthfpAKdpfs cj;jp\;athfpa ]Ngad;d khb]{ttdhF /34/- 99 -
Itj;J Nah[d cj;jthfpA ^tj;J Nah[d mfyhfpAts;Ns kNdh`uthfpA ]{tprpj;uthfpA Njhl;ljhfpA ,Ut]Ngad;D khb]{> /35/< g;ufhu Mf;Qhg;jdhj ,e;juD tp];j;UjT tprpj;uT];Nu\;lT Mj \Ngad;D tp];tfh;kdpe;j eph;khzkhb]{ttdhjD/36/ tp];tfh;k ,e;j;uhf;NQape;j my;yp]Ngad;d eph;khzkhbjD. MNkNy =dpth]DNjh\u`pjdhj ,e;j;udd;D FwpJ khjhbjD /37/=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> ,e;j;uNd Mfh\uh[dgl;lztd;D FwpJ ]Pf;uthfp N`hfp> uh[dd;d ]he;jtatrdfspe;j Nghjp]{tdhF / 38/ Mfh\uh[d gl;lzjy;yp< tp];tfh;kdpe;j ]ghNf `hjpfsd;D khb]{ttdhF.]rp-gjpahj ,e;j;uD < =dpth]d thf;atd;D ];utzkhb /39/ tp];tfh;k$l Mfh\uh[d gl;lztd;D FwpJ]Pf;uthfp N`hfp uh[d efuj M]ke;jh j;thujy;yp ge;Jg`{ Nah[dj tNuNf /40/ aiy [dfuh[Nd>Mfh\uh[D tdfsd;D fpupfk;`ufsd;D Nrjd khb]pjph;Nkhd;djthj G+kpad;D ]kkhb]{ttdhjD. tpj;uthjf;U`fS XsyffS gh;z~hNyfS /41/ ]{e;juthjuj;dfspe;jY ]k;G+h;zthj fN~fspe;jY ]{f;UjTtprpj;uT Mj nksj;jpf uj;dfspe;jY ];jk;gspe;jYeph;kpjthj fy;ahz NtjpA =dpth]dpNfh];fuhMfh\uh[dpe;j eph;khz khb]y;gl;lT / 42/ ,e;j;uDtp];tfh;kdpe;j =dpth]d uj;dNfhGu uj;fkafspe;jYjd;aj;jfspe;jY uj;dka Njhuzfspe;jY Af;jTmyq;f;UjT Mj =dpth]d f;U`td;dkhb]{ttdhjD. kj;J ]j]q;f;ahfthj th\$gfshjf[h\hNyfsd;D eph;khz khb]{ttdhjD /44/,jp = gtp\;Nahj;u GuhNz Ntq;fNl\ k`hj;k;Naj~Nkhj;aha: (10)------ 100 -
11VfhjN\hj;aha:hj;aha:= y~;kP e;U\k;`ha g;u]Pj:(82) ]jhde;jD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> [dfuh[Nd>,e;j;uD Mfh\uh[d gl;lztd;d FwpJ N`hjNkNy=dpth]D ]k];j NjtNjfsd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD.=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> ]k];j NjtNffspuh>ehD Mfh\uh[d Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpaghzpf;U`ztd;D khLtjf;Nf ,r;rp ]{j;NjNd. MjNu aiy>~uh~uGU\uy;yp ];Nu\;lthj =dpth]Nd> ehnty;yUjh]ghtjpe;j ,Uttuhfpj;NjNt. ]k];juhj ehnty;yUepd;d mDf;u`jpe;j kN`hj;]ttd;DNehLttuhFj;NjNt /3/ \q;fuD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>=dpth]Nd> ePD g;uhf;Uj GU\de;Nj tpNdhjtrdtd;DMLj;jp. epd;d kd];]pNf ]hpNjhhpjNu tpth`Tkhbnfhs;sy;glyp ae;J khjhLttdhjD /4/ =dpth]D\q;fud trdtd;D Nfsp> ef;F> n`hfspjD.mde;jujy;yp rJh;KfTs;s g;u`;kD N]\hryf;Nf];thkpahj =dpth]dd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD /6/g;u`;kD khjhLj;jhNd > aiy> jah]Kj;uNd> ePD]h;tf;QD ]j;a]q;fy;g Ts;stD ,Uj;jp. tpth`jG+h;tjy;yp m\;lth;fT khly;gljf;fJ /7/ aiyGUN\hj;jkNd> Mj fhuz edNf Gz;a`thrd fhh;af;Nfmg;gNzad;d nfhL. adY M =dpth]D Gj;udhjg;u`;kd trdtd;D ];utzkhb> t]p\;l U~pad;Dfhp]{ttdhjD g;uhg;jD k`hghf;a\hypA Mj t]p\;lU~pad;d ngsNuh`pj;a fhh;ajy;yp epakp]pjD (83)kj;J a[{]hNfhf;jf k`hke;j;ufspe;j Gz;ah`thrdTkhly;gljf;fnje;J N`spjD . 8/ aiy g;u`;kNd> ePD]k];jthj NjthjpfspNf a[khddD. kj;J NjtNjfs- 101 -
`hF U~pfs kh;ahNj khLty;yp (]j;fhuf;Nf)\q;fudd;D Nah[Nd khL /9/ NjtNjfsd;D funfhz;LgUt fhh;ajy;yp \z;Kfdd;D g;uj;Aj;jhd fhh;ajy;ypkd;dkjdd;D < g;ufhu ]h;tud;D fhh;ajy;yp Nah[Ndkhb mthpNf gPbNf (ghj;Nu) fsd;D nfhL. mf;dpad;Dfhp]{ttdhjD /10/ aiy> `t;ath`dNd ghfhh;jthfpghj;Nufsd;D jf;nfhs;SttdhF. U~pfspF ]h;tNjtNjfspF epd;d ghfT ]k;kjthjj;J /11/ Mjfhuz];th`hj;ajh Njtpahpe;j Af;jdhfp ePD ghftd;DkhLttdhF.< g;ufhu =dpth]dpe;j Mf;Qg;uhg;jdhfp af;Q^h;j;jpahj mf;dpA jjh];J ae;J =dpth]dd;D FwpJkhjhbjD. /12/ mde;ju =dpth]d ]h;t g;uhzpfsF[ytd;D G+iu]{tjf;fhfp tUzdd;D FwpJ N`spjD.J\;lu jz;lNdF ]p\;aughpghyNdF /13/ akdd;DNah[Nd khbjD. ]{fe;j j;ut;ajy;yp thAtpdpe;jNah[Nd khbjD. g;uh`;kzhpNf t];j;uhyq;fhufsd;dnfhlypf;Nf j;tu;a jhdf;F FNgudd;D fy;gp]{ttdhjD.G+[;adhj =dpth]D jPgjhuNzay;yp re;j;udd;DNah[Nd khLte;jtdhjD /14-15/ ghz;lhjp ghj;Nufsd;D]{j;jp khlypf;Nf m\;L t]{fsd;D Nah[NdkhLttdhjD. Aiy> [dfuh[Nd> j;Nuhz ghj;Nufsy;ypetf;;u`fss;D Nah[Nd khLttdhjD. /16/ aiy>[dfuh[Nd> Guhz GU\dhj =dpth]dpe;j < g;ufhuMf;Qhg;juhj ]k];j NjtNjfS =dpth]d Mf;NQad;djf;nfhz;L ]h;tfh;kjy;yp ,UttjhuU./17/mde;jujy;yp Nyhff;Nf gpjhk`dhj g;u`;kDthf;atd;d khjhLttdhjD. g;u`;kD khjhLj;jhNdaiy> kJdhkf ijj;add;D ]k;`hukhbj =dpth]Nd>kq;fs ];dhdtd;D khLttdhF / 18/ aiy ukhgjpahj=epth]Nd> Gz;ah`thrd nkhjyhj fh;kfsd;D,\;lNjtjh G+N[ad;D FyNjtjh g;ujp\;lhgNdad;D]hq;f;ufthfp khLttdhF. /19/ [fjP\;tudhj=dpth]D Gj;udhj g;u`;kd trdtd;D ];utz khbfkyje;j Nej;j;ufSs;stS futPuGujy;ypth]khbnfhz;bUtS Mj y~;kP Njtpad;D];khp]{te;jtdhjD /20/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd>GUN\hj;jkD G+Q;aD nysfPf Nj`jhhpA Mj- 102 -
=dpth]D epj;a tpNahfpahj y~;kP Njtpad;d ];khp]pg;uhf;Uj GU\d mnysfPfhPjpae;Nj Nuhjd khLttdhjD/21/ aiy g;uhf;Qdhj g;u`;kNd> ePD. ehD>. ]ghP]`uhjNjtNjfS> ,j;jhf;A> y~;kP Njtape;j u`pjdhj < ]NgAN\hgp]{tjpy;y/ 22/ (84) Mfh\ kz;lyjy;ypjhufhgjpahj re;juD n`hh;j;jhfp e~j;ufS N`NfN\hgp]{tjpy;yNth> `hNf y~;kPape;j u`pjthjehnty;yU < ]Ngay;yp N\hgp]{tjpy;y. kj;Jt;U~fspe;j u`pjthj muz;aT tpU~fspe;j u`pjthjg~pfS N`Nf N\hgp]{tjpy;yNth> mjue;Njy~;kPu`pjdhj ehnty;yU N\hgp]{tjpy;y. /23/ `hFgyfspe;j u`pjthj t;U~fS jdu`pjdhj kpj;uD N`NfN\hgp]{tjpy;yNth> mjue;Nj aiy g;u`;kNd>k`hy~;kPape;j u`pjdhj ehnty;yU N\hgp]{tjpy;y./24/ aiy [dfuh[Nd> \q;fuD =dpth]d < trdtd;d];utzkhb vj;J epe;J =dpth]dd;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD /25/ \q;fuD khjhLj;jhNd> aiyjhjdhj =dpth]Nd> VDfhuz Nuhjd khLj;jp? epdNfVD fhuz tpyk;gdthFt fhh;atNj. ]q;fuu`pjDmg;uNkaD m$utujD Mj /26/ aiy NjNt\Nd> f;Ny\u`pjdhj epdNf VDfhuz t;ah;jthfp NuhjdT? M=dpth]D ePyfz;ld vjhh;j\thj trdtd;D ];utzkhb ePyfz;ldd;D FwpJ khjhLte;jtdhjD./27/=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> ngsj;udhj\q;fund>ghyghtjpe;j ePD jpspAtjpy;y. aiy \q;fund>k`h g;usa fhyjy;yhjU ];ty;gT ]j;j cspAtjpy;yNth/28/ aiy k`hNjtNd> M fhyjy;ypA epuh];uathj~Pu]Kj;ujy;yp M y~;kPNjtpA edNf `pj khLttshfpA]j;a G+jshfpA f;hPb]{j;jhNs / 29/ aiy> \q;fund>vjhh;j;j~shj y~;kPt;ajphpf;jthfp edNf n]sf;aTN`fhjpJ. [fj;jpNf ];thkpahj =dpth]D < g;ufhukhjhLj;jpuY g;u`;kD khjhLte;jtdhjD / 30/ g;u`;kDkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy J\;l [d kh;j;jddhj =dpth]Nd>nkhjNy epd;dpe;j < khJ N`sy;glypy;y. aiy> fkyeaNd \z;Kfdpe;j ]Pf;uthfp]{h;add;D fhp]{ttdhjD. aiy [dfuh[Nd> M- 103 -
]{h;adhjU $lNy my;ypNf ge;jD /32/ aiy>[dfuh[Nd> g;uhg;jdhj ]{h;aD gf;jpape;j ek];fhp]p>];Njhj;ukhb> `];jfsd;d N[hb]pnfhz;L =dpth]d]d;KfNt epe;jD. aJhpNf Mj G+[;adhj =dpth]Dgf;jpape;j ek;uthj mq;fTs;s gh];fudd;D FwpJ jd;d`q;jthj mgpg;uhatd;d N`Ste;jtdhjD / 33/=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> ]{h;aNd> ]{fhyth]{Njtd efutd;D FwpJ N`hF. M gl;lzjy;yp[fd;khNjahj (85)y~;kPNjtpA ,j;jhNs edNfg;hpafushj M y~;kPNjtpad;D Ngf funfhz;L gh> adY/34/ ngsj;udhj ]{h;aD =dpth]d thzpad;d];utzkhb> tpdajpe;j Af;jdhfp> ]h\;lhqf ek];fhukhbkhjhLte;jtdhjD. /35/ ]{h;aD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>=dpth]Nd> Nyhf[ddpahj M y~;kPNjtpad;d epd;d`];ju funfhz;L gUttdhfj;NjNd. MjNu aiyNfhtpe;jNd> y~;kPNjtpA ed;d NkNy N`Nftp];th]gLtnsk;gjd;D N`SttdhF /36/ =dpth]DkhjhLj;jhNd> Nyhff;Nf kN`hjadhj aiy ]{h;aNd>epd;dy;yp M y~;kpNjtpa g;hPjpA epd;d NkNy ahthfY,Uj;jNj. epd;dhfkdjpe;j ]e;J\;;ldhfp ed;d]kPgtd;D FwpJ gUttshFj;jhNs / 37/ y~;kPNjtpAMfkd fh;kjy;yp kj;J te;J cghatd;D N`Sj;NjNd.];utzkhL ePD y~;kpa j;thu]kPgjy;yp Nej;Nuhjftd;d]{hp]{j;j epy;Y te;jtdhF /38/ aiy ]{h;aNd>[fd;khNjahj y~;kpA epd;dd;D fz;L ]khjhdgLj;jhNs. kj;J fpQ;rpj; Jf;fjpe;j Af;jshfp epd;d FwpJ . ]{h;aNd> epd;d mjpfhuTahhpe;j `uz khly;gl;bJ? Ae;J NfSj;jhNs. ePD My~;kPNjtpad;d FwpJ mj;ae;j Jf;fpjdhfp < g;ufhuN`Ste;jtdhF / 40/ aiy. jhapNa> G+jyjy;yp ed;dmjpfhuT ahhpe;jY `uz khly;gl;by;y. G+Nyhfjy;ypepd;d gjpA \ad khbj;jhNd /41/ aiy jhapNa> ahtdf;UNgape;j mjpfhuT nfhly;gl;lNjNah M epd;d gjpAep];hpjddhfp \ad khLttdhfpj;jhNd. gJFtNdhmjth ,y;yNth /42/ epd;d gjpA [fd;dhjD Mj=dpth]D
trdtd;d ];utz khb> ed;d ]kPgf;NfgUttshFj;jhNs. < tp\ajy;yp ]k;]atpy;y.y~;kPNjtpa Mfkd tp\ajy;yp < cghatd;d];utz khb fpQ;rpj;jh];aKfjpe;j Af;jdhfp /44/ gf;jpape;jek;uthj mq;fTs;stD gagf;jpape;j Af;jD Mj ]{h;aDkhjhbjD . aiy> ];thkpNa> ]h;tf;QS> ]h;tNyhffsy;ypg;u]pj;jS Mj y~;kPNjtpA/45/ ]h;t`q;fjtd;DjpspAj;jhNs. aiy =dpth]Nd> ed;d NkNy N`Nftp];th] gLttshFj;jhNs? kj;J aiy =dpth]Nd>Nuhf u`pjdhj epdNf NuhftNj ae;j N`Nf N`syp? /46/aiy. [dfuh[Nd> M =dpth]D ]{h;ad < trdtd;d];utz khb> ]{h;add;D FwpJ (86) j\kNdhfjthjmgpg;uhatd;d N`SttdhjD. =dpth]DkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy> ]{h;aNd> y~;kPA ed;d khNaape;jNkh`pjshFj;jhNs. < tp\ajy;yp \k;\atpy;y. /47/ M fhyjy;ypMNj\hD]huthfp Nfjn`he;jp ]{h;ad thf;aj NkNyMjujpe;j ujtd;d MNuh`z khbjtshfp / 49/]{h;adpe;j Af;jshfp thA Ntfjpe;j =dpth]dd;d FwpJgUttshjS.=dpth]D y~;kPNjtpa Mfkd t;Uj;jhe;jtd;d];utz khb jj;~zjy;yp /50/ m\f;jde;Nj MFjpj;jD.jhp]p jh;\dhNgN~As;stdhfp ]d;KfdhfN`hFttdhjD. jhp]pj m\f;jf;UjpA ts;Ns mj;GjthfpNjhUj;jpj;J / 51/. NjtNjfS uh~upF Ch;j;tNuj];futhjU~pfspe;j =dpth]d m\f;j &gT mj;ahh;j;jfthfpNjhhpJ. =dpth]D G[q;f G+\zdhj Uj;ud G[jy;ypthkG[tdpl;L / 52/ g;u`;kd fz;ljy;yp md;aG[tdpl;L gUttdhjD.< tpjthj m\f;jdhf;UjpAs;s =dpth]dd;D y~;kPNjtpA Nehbjtshfp /53/ Ntfjpe;j ujjpe;jpspJfpQ;rpj;jh];a KfTs;stshfp> rk;gf G\;ffs ]^`ftd;d=dpth]d ghjfkyfsy;yp `utp / 54/ g`{ gf;jpape;jauL K`{h;j;j fs tNuNf =dpth]dd;D Mypq;fd- 105 -
khbnfhz;L epe;jS. Mf =dpth]D ukhypq;fdkhj;ujpe;j g;U\;lthj mq;fTs;stdhjD / 55/ mde;jucgajU F\yf;u]q;ffsd;dhbjU. ]h;tNyhff;Nfkhjhgpj;Ufshj uNkehuhazU / 56/ ]h;tNjtNjfspe;jek];f;Ujuhfp ];t];jNjad;D n`he;jpjU. y~;kPNjtpAkhjhLj;jhNs> aiy> =dpth]Nd> Ju];aathj epd;dkhNaA ed;dd;D Nkh`gb]{j;jNj. /57/ ed;d ]kPgf;Nf]{u;add;D fS`p]p epd;dpe;j mjp tprpj;uthj fh;kTkhly;gl;bJ. aiy> =dpth]Nd> g;u`;k-Uj;uhjp]h;tNjtNjfS epd;d khNaape;j Nkh`pjuhfpj;jhNu / 58/aiy> =dpth]Nd ed;dd;D mjud;D N`S. ukhgjpahj =dpth]Dy~;kPa trdtd;d ];utzkhb> y~;kpNjtpad;d FwpJkhjhLttdhjD /59/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiyy~;kpNa> epd;dpe;j uhkhtjhujy;yp VDN`sy;gl;bUtnjk;gjd;D ];khp]{. y~;kPNa> fypAfjy;yp epd;d ]kPgjy;yp tpth`td;Dkhbnfhs;sNgnfe;J,r;NrAs;stdhfpj;NjNd.Me;j;ae;jfdpNf ehafdhj =dpth]D < g;ufhukhjhLj;jpuY M y~;kPNjtpA G+h;tjy;yp N`spjtrdtd;d ];khp]p khjhbjS /61/ y~;kPNjtpAkhjhLj;jhNs . aiy> =dpth]Nd> tpth`jy;yptpjpG+h;tfthfp M Ntjtjpad;D mq;fPfhu khLttdhF.aiy gf;jtj;]ydhj =dpth]Nd> ed;d trdtd;D ]gykhLttdhF / 62/ < g;ufhu khjhbjtshfp ]e;Njh\Af;jshj y~;kPNjtpA =dpth]dd;D FwpJek];fhp]pjS. Cj;f;UjGj;jp\hypahj =dpth]DNyhf[ddpahj y~;kPNjtpad;d ]e;Njh\ gb]{ttdhjD/63/M =dpth]D ]Nga trdtd;D ];utzkhbghpG+h;zthj kNdhujTs;stdhfp gukhde;jjpe;jG+h;zdhfp> N]\hryjy;yp N\hgp]{ttdhjD /64/]e;Njh\ ]k;]{rpfD ]h;tfhj;uTs;stD Mde;jgh\;ajpe;j ]k;f;Ujthj Nej;uTs;stD g;u`;k> ,e;j;unkhjyhj NjtNjfspe;j ];Njhj;ukhb]pnfhsy;gl;l]kPrPdthj rhpj;uTs;sstD Ntq;flhryf;Nf kpj;uD Mj=dpth]D N]\hryjy;yp N\hgp]{ttdhjD /65/- 106 -
,jpNahNfhdhkNfhdhk=kj;gtptp\;Nahj;uGuhNzVfhjN\hj;aha:hj;aha: (11)----------y~;kP-]khfk]khfk-12j;thjN\hj;aha:-----= y~;kP e;U]pk;` g;u]Pj:----(87) [dfuh[D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> G+[;adhj]jhde;jNd> ][;[dhpNf fjpg;ujdhj =dpth]Dmde;jujy;yp VD khLttdhjD? Tp];jhuG+h;tfthfp edNffjd khLttdhF/1/ ]jhdd;jD khjhLj;jhNd> =y~;kP]`pjdhj I];th;a Af;jD Mj =dpth]D g;hpathjkd];]pdpe;j g;u`;kdd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD /2/=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy Gj;udhj g;u`;kNd>Myau`pjdhfp khly;ypf;Nf Nahf;athj fhh;afsd;DNgfNd khLttdhF. M g;u`;kD =dpth]d trdtd;d];utzkhb ]e;Njh\jpe;j ]`pjdhfp /3/ flhe;jkz;lyfs ]^`jpe;j njnfJnfhz;L gUtjf;Nfehuhazdy;yp M]f;juhj fUlNd nkhjyhj tPuNjtNjfspNf Mf;Q\hgp]{ttdhjD /4/ g;u`;kd Mtrdtd;D ];utz khb $lNy fUlNd nkhjyhj tPuUmNdf tpjthj flhj;j khz;lhjpfsd;d njnfJnfhz;LgUttuhjU/ 5/- 107 -
mde;ju> ]yPyhjpgdhj tUzD M khz;lhjpfsy;ypjpt;ajph;Njhj;gd;dT kq;fsfuT ]{fe;NjhNgjT Mjcjftd;D Jk;GttdhjD /6/ mde;jujy;ypt];j;uhyq;fhufspe;j kz;bjuhj ]k];j ]{th]pdp];jphPaU mUe;jjpad;d Ke;Nj khbnfhz;L(88)kq;fsfhh;ajy;yp nfsJ}`yTs;stuhfp / 7/jPgAf;jthj fy\td;D jhuzkhLt tp\ajy;yp ghh;tjpNjtpad;D Nah[Nd khb ]htpj;hpNa nkhjyhj ];jpHPaUkpypjuhfp Nahf;athj fhh;atd;d khLttuhjU / 8/]htpj;hpNa nkhjyhj Njtjh ];jPhpaU j\htjhufspy;ypAf;U\;zhtjhufspy;ypA khbj =dpth]d rhpj;Nuad;dfhtd khLte;jtuhjU / 9/ ]pj;j ];jphPaU itfhd]];jphPaU thad khLttuhjU. < g;ufhuthfpNtq;flhryf;Nf ];thkpahj =dpth]d G\;afuthjtpth`T g;uj;Uj;jthFj;jpuY /10/ kNdh`uthjNyhrfSs;stuhj =dpth]d N]hN]ae;jpU `hutkhLttuhfp =dpth]dpNf jhapA jkNf mj;jpA MjgFyhtjpad;D Ke;Nj khbnfhz;L g;uhg;juhjU. /11/< g;ufhu my;yp ]g;jkp jpt] cj;]ttTMFte;jhj;jhapJ. rJh;jpf;Ffsy;yp [yjpe;j G+hpjthj ehy;Ffy\fsd;D ];jhgNd khb / 12/ ]{g;ujpe;j ehy;Ffy]fsd;D Nt\;lNd khb jd;kj;ajy;yp uj;dkathjgPbNfad;d ];jhgp]p ];g;ukjpe;j Af;juhj Njtjh ];jphPaU< t~;akhzthj thf;atd;d EbAttuhjU. /13/ aiyGU\ ];Nu\;ldhj =dpth]Nd> VSttdhF. ]{j;ukj;ajy;yp $Bte;jtdhF. < g;ufhufthfp khjhb]pnfhsy;gl;l G+[;adhj =dpth]D ];jphPau Kk;ghfjy;yp/14/ Nej;Nuhjftd;D ]{hp]{j;j jPdthj trdtd;dkhjhLte;jtdhjD. aiy> k`hg;uhg;QD [dhpNfgpjhk`D Mj g;u`;kNd> tpthN`hj;]tjy;yp edNf /15/ijyjpe;j M\Ph;thjf G+h;tfthfp mgpN\ftd;d ahUkhLj;jhNu? Aiy g;u`;kNd> ahtdpNf jhap je;NjKe;jhjtU ,y;yNth /16/ tpth`jy;ypA kuzjy;ypA MGU\d [Ptdf;Nf jpf;fhutpuyp. gfpdahjU> g;uhj;ufS>khJyU> ghfpNdaU /17/ aiy k`hg;uhf;Qdhj g;u`;kNdedNf ahU ,y;y. mgpN\ftd;d ahU khLtU?khjhgpj;Utpjp jPduhjthpNf ahtfjp\ahFtJ jpspAtjpy;y./18/ khj;U]khd kpj;uhpy;y. [dfdpNf ]kthj- 108 -
n]sf;atpy;y. ghh;as ]khdthj ghf;atpy;y. Gj;udpNf]khdthj fjpA ,y;y/ 19/ ghj;U ]khdthj ];Nd`tpy;y.tp\;ZtpNf ]khdthj cj;jk NjtNjapy;y. yPyhh;jthfpkD\;ad ]hPutd;D jhp]pjtdhj =dpth]D < g;ufhukhjhb /20/ g;u`;kd Kftd;d NehLj;j [d&bfD]hp]pmSttdhjD. Uj;udpe;j ]`pjthj g;u`;kD=dpth]d thf;atd;d Nfsp> /21/ =dpth]dd;d]khjhd gb]{ttdhfp// (89) aiy> [dfuh[Nd>thf;atd;D khjhbjD.g;u`;kD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> =dpth]Nd>khah>hj gQ;rujy;yp th]khbUt ek;kd;D VD fhuzNkh` gb]{ttdhFj;jp. /22/ aiy rJh;G[dhj=dpth]Nd> epd;dpe;j ahU ,y;Nye;J N`sy;gl;l ahtM khjd;J mJ m]j;aNt. aiy> =dpth]Nd> ehDepdNf Gj;udhfNgF. j;hpNyhrydhj Uj;uD epdNfngsj;udhfNgF /23/ kd;kjndk;g Ngnuhg;g Gj;udpj;jhNd.\z;KfD g;ungsj;udhfNgF. [fj;guhazdhj thaT[;Na\;l Gj;udhfNgF. ghujpA epdNf n]hN]ahfNgF./24/ ]u];tjp nkhjyhj ]h;t];jphPaU epd;dghjN]tfuhfpj;jhNu. ePD gukGU\D [fd;khNjahjy~;kPNjtpA epdNf gj;dpahfNgF./25/ aiy>GUN\hj;jkNd> epd;dpe;j khly;gl;l < fhh;aT f;hPlhkhj;unte;J jpspj;NjNd. < tp\aj itgttd;D n`he;jpjePD t;ah;jthfp ed;dd;D Nkh` gb]{j;jp./26/ rJh;Kfdhjg;u`;kD ukh]fdhj th]{Njttd;D FwpJ khjhLj;jpuY>=dpth]D y~;kPNjtpad;D FwpJ ]d;Ndad;DkhLttdhjD. M ]k;NQad;D jpspj y~;kPNjtpAkhjhLttshjS / 27/ y~;kPNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs>Ntq;flhryf;Nf ];thkpahj =dpth]Nd> epd;d`;Uf;jthj mgpg;uha gjpjthapJ. Aiy> GUN\hj;jkNdijyh];j;auhfp fh;kfsd;D ehD khLj;NjNd / 28/ aiy>=dpth]Nd> VS. Jf;ftd;d j;ahfkhL. cj;jkthj epd;dM]djy;yp $L. M =dpth]D ukhNjtpa thf;atd;D];utz khb ]e;Njh\jpe;j Mde;j gh\;afsd;D /29/tpJutdhfp mh[{dd ]hujpahj =dpth]D vy;yud;d]e;Njh\gb]{ttdhfp> f\;ag> mj;hp> guj;th[>tp];thkpj;u> Ke;jhjtud;D /30/ ek];fhp]p [fj;jd;Dtplk;gd gb]{t =dpt]D t]p\;ldd;D FwpJ- 109 -
khjhLte;jtdhjD. =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd > aiy>k`hKdpahj t]p\;lNd> k[;[dj Nfh];fu edNfmDf;NQad;d nfhLttdhF / 31/ GNuh`pjdhj Mt\p\;lD `hNf Mfyp ae;J =dpth]dd;D FwpJkhjhLte;jtdhjD. ]gj;dpfuhj NjtNjfsd;d]ghh;auhj U~pfsd;d FwpJ Mf;NQad;D Nfsp>mDrujpe;j ]`pjdhfp vj;J NjtNjfsd;dNjtjh];jphPaud;D Nfspjtdhfp Nf\fsd;d gpr;rpnfhz;LG+h;thgpKfdhfp $Lte;jtdhjD / 32/-33/ ];jphPaU=dpth]dd;D uj;dkathj gPljy;yp $b]{ttuhjU. M];jphPaU kj;ajy;yp ]pe;JGj;hpA fkyf;Nf ]hpahjNej;uTs;stS Mj y~;kPNjtpA /34/ ijyjpe;j G+hpjthj]{th;z ghj;Nuad;d njnfJnfhz;L ge;J (90)MrPh;thjfspe;j `hp]p ijyhg;aq;fpdtd;d khLttshjS/35/ y~;kPNjtpA khjhLj;jhNs . aiy> =dpth]Nd>jPh;fhA\;aTs;stdhF. g`{ Gj;uUs;stdhF.jdTs;stdhF. rJh;j\ Nyhff;Nf Vfrf;uhjpgdhF. /36/ Mfhyjy;yp y~;kPNjtpA < g;ufhu M\pH;thjtd;D khb=dpth]dpNf mgpN\f khLttshjS. ]{fe;Njhjfthjijyjpe;j =dpth]d ]hPutd;D kh;jd khLttshjS/37/ M fhyjy;yp g;u`;kd gj;dpahj ]u];tjpNjtpAGdfpd ijyjpe;j kp];utthj gr;rfh;G+uj u]td;DnfhLte;jtshjS. `hpj;uh#h;z gp\;ljpe;j=dpth]dd;D kh;jd khLttshjS. ]h;t]hkf;hpapape;j ]`pjT ]{kq;fyT Mj thj;aNfh\fspe;j]h;t tPjpfsy;yp f[ Fk;gfspe;j juy;gl;l G\;gjPh;j;jGz;afuthj cjffspe;jY / 38-39-40/ uj;dfrpjthj]{th;zkaT Mj Fk;Ngh\;Nzhjfjpe;j kp];hpj thjcjffspe;jY y~;kpNjtpA [fj;jpNf ];thkpahj=dpth]dpNf mgpN\ftd;D khLte;jtshjS / 41/ My~;kPNjtpA =dpth]d ghjjpe;j k];jfj tNuFc:j;jftd;D khb =dpth]d N]Ntape;j jhDf;Ujf;Uj;ashnjnde;J jpspAttshjS/ 42/mde;jujy;yp rJ];]q;f;ahfuhj ]{th]pdp ];jphPaU`];jfsy;yp fy\q;fsd;D jhuz khbnfhz;LFq;fNkhjfspe;j ]{Nu\;tudhj =dpth]dd;D mgpN\fkhLte;jtuhjU / 43/ ]{uhq;fNdaU Fq;:FNkhjfjpe;j=dpth]dpNf ePuh[Ndad;D khb Gj;ute;jdhF>- 110 -
jdte;jtdhF ak;jhfp MrPh;thjtd;d khLte;jtuhjU.`hf ]k];j ]{gfuthj fPjtd;d fhad khLttuhfp>Fq;FNkhjfjpe;j kq;fyfuthj Mh;j;jpad;dkhLte;jtuhjU. /44/-45/ M fhyjy;yp g;u`;kgj;dpahj]htpj;hpA y~;kPNjtpa `];jjy;yp cj;jkthj t];j;utd;DnfhLttshjS. y~;kPNjtpA M t];j;ujpe;j =dpth]d][h;thq;ftd;D thp]{ttshjS /46/ ghh;tjpNjtpAJ}gtd;d je;J y~;kPNjtpa fuhk;G[jy;ypnfhLte;jtshjS. y~;kpNjtpA =dpth]dNf\fsd;D gpr;rp J}gj n`hNfae;J nfhl;L / 47/kJdhkf ijj;add;D ]k;`hu khbj =dpth]dNf\fsd;d fl;LttshjS. ]htpj;hpA ]{th;zjpe;jG+\pjthj Mjh;\td;D Njhhp]{te;jtshjS /48/ujpNjtpA ]rpNjtpA re;judpNf ]khdthj rhkufsd;DgP]{ttuhjU. gf;jp Af;jdhj ghujp NjtpA =dpth]dNkNy rj;utd;d jhp]{ttshjS /49/(91) ghfPujp NjtpA jdNf [dfdhj (91)=dpth]dpNf ghJNffsd;D nfhLte;jtshjS.ruzhfjuhj [du Jf;ftd;d `uz khLt =dpth]Dcj;jkthj ghJfhj;tajy;yp ghjfsd;d ,l;L Kdpa]hgjpe;j gh\hzj;ttd;D n`he;jpjtshjm`y;ahNjtpa aht ghjfspe;j gtpj;uttd;Dn`he;jpj;jNsh ? /50/ me;jh ghjfspe;j G+kpay;yp ]Q;rhukhLttdhfp> =dpth]D cj;jkthj M]dj NkNy$LttdhjD /51/ g;u`;kNd nkhjyhj ];Nu\;lU ,e;j;unkhjyhj jpf;ghyfU> f\;aghjp Kdp];Nu\;lU.t]p\;lhjp U~pfS / 52/ ]dfhjp NahfPe;j;uUg;UFU~pNa nkhjyhj U~p ];Nu\;lU mh;akhjp gpj;UfSJe;Jgp fhafU /53/ uk;gh nkhjyhj eh;jd khLt ];jphPaU>]{j-khfj-ge;jpfS> uk;athj M]djy;yp ];jpjDGUN\hj;jkD Mj =dpth]dd;DNgLte;jtuhjU./54/];thkp G\;fhpzp j~pz jPujy;ypg~pth`ddhj =dpth]S m\;lkp re;j;ude;NjMfhuTs;s jh;gzje;Nj];g\;lthj yyhljy;yp/55/][;[dhpNf fjpg;ujdhj =dpth]D Ch;j;tGz;lutd;Djhp]{e;jtdhjD. M fhyjy;yp [;Nahjp]h];j;u gy;ythpe;jtpth` fhyT N`sy;gl;bJ./56/ M fhyjy;yp gFyhtjpANyhf[ddpahj y~;kPNjtpad;D FwpJ thf;atd;D- 111 -
Eb]{ttshjS. Aiy y~;kPNjtpNa> =dpth]dyyhljy;yp Fq;Fkjpe;j Nygdtd;D khLttshF/57/.Njtkhj;Ushj gFNyape;j < g;ufhu khjhb]p nfhsy;gl;ly~!;kPNjtpA =dpth]d yyhljy;yp Fq;Fkjpe;jNygdtd;d khLttshjS /58/ [fjP\dhj =dpth]dpF>Gj;udhj g;u`;kdpF> ngsj;udhj ]q;fudpF> My~;kPNjtpA FNgudd;D Nfsp G+\zfsd;djUtttshjS. =dpth]D Mghuzfsd;D fz;L>aiy>[dfuh[Nd> y~;kPNjtpad;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD /59-80/=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy. cj;jkthj]{fTs;s y~;kpNa ed;dd;D G+\zfspe;jG+\p]{ttshF. < g;ufhu khjhb]p nfhsy;gl;l;y~;kPNjtpA `h];a khLj;j G+\zfspe;j =dpth]dd;DG+\pjte;jtshjS. /61/ ghg ghp`hufdhj =dpth]DgPjhk;gutd;d mnksy;athj fb]{j;utd;Djhp]{ttdhjD. ]{th;zkathj Mguzfpe;jY>t];j;ufspe;jY> G+\pjdhj =dpth]D mde;ju /62/g;u`;k Uj;uhjpfspe;j ek];f;Ujdhfp Nyhff;Nftplk;gdtd;d Njhhp]{j;j f\;ag> mjhp> guj;th[>t]p\;lhjp khKdpfsd;D FwpJ ek];fhukhLte;jtdhjD/63/ MNkNy (92) jhw;fhypf f;hpNafshj]e;j;ahte;jd nkhjyhj fhh;afsd;d tpj;Af;jthfp [Ufp]p.]e;Njh\jpe;j cj;f;Ujthj kd];]{s;stdhfp>t]p\;ldd;D FwpJ < t\;akhz trdtd;DMLttdhjD /64/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd . aiyKdp];Nu\;ldhj t]p\;lNd> ePD Ke;Nj khljf;ffhh;atd;D khLttdhF. thf;kpfs kj;ajy;yp ];Nu\;ldhjt]p\;lD =dpth]d trdtd;D ];utz khb/65/ my;ypnksj;jpfspe;j rh];j;uthj NtjpNfad;D urp]p tJtuud;Dg;ujp\;lhgp]p tpjpG+h;tfthfp ]q;fy;gtd;D khb /66/g;uh`;kzud;D fhp]p Gz;ah`thrdtd;D khbjD.mde;ju ];U\;bfh;jD gpjhk`D Mj g;u`;kDm\;lth;ftd;D khLte;jtdhjD /67/ jUthag;u`;kdpe;j Mf;Qhg;juhj NjtNjfS Ntjjy;yp F\yuhjg;uh`;kzhpF kq;fsh\;lftd;D N`StthpF j~pNzjhk;G+ytd;D nfhLttuhjU /68/ =dpth]dpNfg;hpafuuhj NjtNjfS =dpth]dpNf jdtd;d- 112 -
t];jutd;d nfhLte;jtuhjU. gspf ajhtpjpG+h;tfthfpN\h];Njhj;jfthj fh;kfsd;D G+iu]p /69/ aiy>[dfuh[Nd> t]p\;lD =dpth]dd;D FwpJ FyNjtNjahnue;J g;u];dkhLte;jtdhjD. =dpth]D t]p\;ldtrdtd;d ];utz khb > mtdd;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD /70/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>t]p\;lNd> kq;fsfuthj \kpA edNf FyNjtNjA ae;JN`sy;gl;lNj. edNf> ghz;ltfhpNf \kpNa FyNjtNjAMfNgF. < tp\ajy;yp MNyhrNdA khljf;fjy;y./71/t]p\;lD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> Kdp];Nu\;lhjmf];j;aNd> t;U~];Nu\;ldhj M \kPt;U~Tvy;ypUj;jNj> adY mf];j;aD khjhLj;jhNd . ,y;ypNacj;juhjpf;ghfjy;yp nfskhujPh;jj ]kPgjy;yp /72t;U~uh[dhj ]kPt;U~T ,Uj;jNj. My;ypNf N`hfpt;U~td;D jUttdhF. Mfj;ad trdjpe;j M ];jsf;NfN`hfp M t;U~];Nu\;ltd;D /73/nysfPf \hPutd;Djhuz khbjtdhj =dpth]D g;ujp~pNzad;d khb>FyNjtNjahj ]kPt;U~td;D FwpJ ek];fhukhLte;jtdhjD / 74/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd>\j;Ufd;D eh\ khLttS> mh;[{dd jDH;jhhpAuhkre;judpNf g;hpafuS Mj aiy ]kpNa> ed;d ghgtd;Deh~khLte;jtshF./75/ aiy ]{ug;hpaS jhapA Mj]kpNa> edNf eph;tpf;djpe;j fy;ahztd;d khL.tpth`jy;yp ]h;tNjtNjfspF Mfh\uh[dpFfy`Tz;lhfje;Nj khLttshF /76/ aiy [dfuh[Nd>Njt];Nu\;ldhj =dpth]D ]{uhh;rpjshjFyNjtNjad;D < tpjthfp g;uhh;j;jp]p//(94) tpjhdjpe;jG+[p]p ]z;z nlhq;Nfad;D / 77/ cjfhb]p k];jfjy;ypjhuz khb thj;a j;tdpape;j Mfh\ kz;lytd;DG+h;zkhLttdhfp ];t];jhdtd;D FwpJ gUte;jtdhjD/78/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> G+[;adhjt]p\;lNd> FyNjtNjA aht ];jsjy;yp ];jhgdkhly;gljf;fJ. Aiy> [dfuh[Nd> =dpth]Dt]p\;ldd;D FwpJ < g;ufhu khjhLj;jpuY /79/ ehujD=dpth]d ]kPgtd;D FwpJ N`hfp> khjhLttdhjD.ehujD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> =dpth]Nd> tuh`Njtu Myajy;yp FyNjtNjad;D ];jhgdkhL /80/ aiy>=dpth]Nd> aht ];jhdjy;yp ];te;j ];jhdtNjNah- 113 -
my;Ny FyNjtNjad;D g;ujp\;lhgd khb G+[p]NgF. tuh`&gpahj gukhj;kNd> epd;dmDf;u`jpe;j tpth`td;D khLtj;Nfcj;Af;jdhfpj;NjNd. ePD juzP Njtp]`pjdhfpMfh\uh[d gl;lztd;D FwpJ gUttdhF /83/ kj;J]h;tNyhff;Nf FUthj ePD ed;dd;D f;Uj;f;F;Uj;ad;dhfpkhLttdhF. G+jhufdhj tuh`D =dpth]d =dpth]Nd> ed;d];jhdjy;yp gFyhtjpad;d jpspAttdhF . < ed;dN~j;uT (n`hyT)gf;tthfpUj;jNj. Mj;jhpe;j ed;dd;DgpLjf;Nf Nahf;adhF /85/ =dpth]D tuh`Njtutrdtd;D ];utz khb khjhLttdhjD. =dpth]DkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy tuh`&gpahj gukhj;kNd> epd;dMyajy;yp FyNjtNja g;jp\;lhgdtd;D khLj;NjNd /86/ < g;ufhu g;uhhj;jNd khLt gukhj;kdhj=dpth]dd;D FwpJ f;Nuhl&gpahj gukhj;kD jjh];Jae;J khjhLttdhjD./ 87/ ]{th;z rrpjdhj fy\jy;ypKf;Jfsd;D Jk;gp> t];jujpe;j ]{j;jp> tpjhd G+h;tfthfpG+N[ khb /88/ ][;[dhpNf fjpg;ujdhj =dpth]Dg;uhf;Uj GU\de;Nj tuh`%h;jpa ]kPgjy;ypFyNjtNjad;d g;ujp\;lhgd khb ];t];jhdtd;D FwpJgUte;jtdhjD /89/ mNkh[djpe;j Mfh\uh[duh[jhdpahj ehuhazGu efutd;D FwpJfkdkhlNgnfe;J kd];]pdy;yp ep];uap]p j;tNuape;jg;uahzjf;fjdhj =dpth]D g;u`;kdd;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD. =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiyg;u`;kNd> < n`hh;j;Nj epd;d rJuq;f i]d;atd;dn`hub]{ttdhF. /90-91/ aiy> g;u`;kNd> ehuhazGutd;D (94) FwpJ ]Pf;uthfp fkd khLtjf;NfepNah[p]{ttdhF. t;ah;j;jthfp fhytpyk;gdthapJ.J}uthj khh;ftNj /92/ aiy g;u`;kNd> t;Uj;jU ghyfU];jhPaU ,tNuy;yupe;j Af;jthd i]d;aT KdpaKjyhjTnky;ynfy;yNd fkd khlyp /93/- 114 -
Jh;Kfehj g;u`;kD GUN\hj;kdD je;NjArf;ughzpA Mj =dpth]d < trdtd;D NfspkhjhLte;jtdhjD. /94/ g;u`;kD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>=dpth]Nd> Gz;athj fh;ktd;D khb FyNjtNjag;ujp\;lhgd khb cghth]N`hfghunje;J ed;d Gj;jpNfNjhUj;jNj / 95/ KdpfS ~{j;jpjuhfpj;jhNu. `hF ghyfUt;Uj;Ke;jhjtU ~{j;jpjuhfpj;jhnue;J rJh;Kfdhjg;u`;kD < g;ufhu khjhLj;jpuY> =dpth]DkhjhLttdhjD /96/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>Nyhff;Nf gpjhk`dhj g;u`;kNd> epd;d trdfS];Nu\;lthjfS. aiy Gj;uNd> ePD khljf;f fhh;atd;Dkhlghuj fhh;atd;D N`Nf jpspAtjpy;y. / 97/Nyhffsd;d NehlNj ghyfdd;Nd khjhLj;jp. aiy>g;u`;kNd> edNf < nkhjY [dfuh[Nd> < g;ufhu je;Njahj=dpth]D khjhLj;jpuY> Nyhf;f gpjhk`dhj g;u`;kD=dpth]d aJhpNf ]{k;kdhFte;jtdhjD /100/mde;ju ePyfz;lD tpj;Uuhj =dpth]dd;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD. ePyfz;lD khjhLj;jhNd. Aiy>y~;kPgjpahj =dpth]Nd> ghyfdhj ed;d trdtd;D];utzkhljf;fJ /101/ aiy> =dpth]Nd> Muk;gp]pjg;U`ge;jd fhh;afsd;D tpth`jy;ypANfhNdfhzp]ypf;Nf ahtD aj;dp]{tD? /2/ aiy=dpth]Nd> euNyhfjy;yp mtNd GU\nde;JN`sp]pnfhs;Sj;jhNd. ]{gfhh;afsy;yp g`{s j;ut;at;ah;j;jjpe;j n`usthj ]h;t ]h`pj;afsd;D ]k;ghjdkhljf;fJ. te;JNtNs j;ut;atpy;yjpj;jNu Uztd;DkhlNgF. ak;gjhfp ]k;Gtpd < trdtd;d ];utzkhb]k;guhhp [dfdhj =dpth]D khjhLttdhjD / 3-4/aiy> k`hNjtNd ]Ngay;yp guhf;kukjpe;j < tpjthfp VDkhjhLj;jp. ngsj;udpe;jaj;dtd;d khbNa EbaNgF. t;ah;jthfp khjhlghuJ.=dpth]D < g;ufhu (95) \ptdd;D FwpJ khjhbFNgudd;D N`h\p]p khjhLte;jtdhjD / 6/- 115 -
=dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> jdhjpgdhj FNguNd>J{]{ Nfy]tNj. ,y;ypNf gUttdhF. < g;ufhukhjhb]pnfhsy;gl;ltdhj FNguD g;u`;kdpe;j]`pjdhfp (7) \ptdd;D Af;jdhjtdhfp ]Ngape;jNtfNd VSttdhjD. ukhgjpahj =dpth]Dg;u`;kdpe;jY FNgudpe;jY \q;fudpe;jY ]`pjdhfp/8/Vfhe;j ];jsthj ];thkp G\;fhpzp jPh;jj g];\pkjpf;fpdy;ypUt m];tj;j t;U~ ]kPgf;Nf N`hfp][;[dhpNf fjpg;ujdhj =dpth]D FNgudd;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD /9/ =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd . aiy>k`hghf;a\hypahj FNguNd> Gj;udhj g;u`;kdpNfNgfhJtj\;L j;ut;atd;d nfhL. fypAfjy;yp ed;dfy;ahztd;D (tpth`td;D) ]hjp]{te;jtdhF./110/=dpth]d < trdtd;d ];utz khb g]{ghyfdhjFNgu> =dpth]dd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD. FNguDkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy> =dpth]Nd> ruhruhj;kfdhj ehD M j;ut;atd;d nfhLtjf;FgpLtjf;F ]f;jdy;y. M j;ut;atd;D f;U`zkhljf;ftDePD. jhJT. ePNd. ePNd ]h;t ];thje;j;uD /13/ < g;ufhuthfpjdgjpA khjhLj;jpuY y~;kPgjpahj =dpth]D EbjD .=epth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy> FNguNd> ehD g;u`;kdxe;J jpt\jy;yp j]htjhufsd;D jhp]{j;NjNd /14/mtjhu ]kajy;yp ehD f;U`jpe;j jdtd;D jUtjpy;y;.kj;J G+fjthj jdtd;D ed;d kNdNf ita;Atjpy;y /15/AfhD]huthfpA fhyhD]huthfpA NjthD]huthfpAgahD]huthfpA mtjhutd;D khLttdhfp> < Nyhfjy;ypy~;kPNjtpNahlNd f;hPb]{j;NjNd. /16/ aiyjdth`dNd> ePD Nfty jhdjy;yp epkpj;j khj;uD. MjUePD AfhD]huthfp edNf Nj]fhyD]huthfp j;ut;atd;dnfhLte;jtdhF. /17/ M FNguD =dpth]d khjhLttdhjD. FNguDkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy> [fj;jhhpahj =dpth]Nd>AfhD]huthfp th;jp]{t epdNf j;utatd;d N`NfnfhLttdhfyp? /18/ aiy =dpth]Nd> te;JNtNs ePDgj;utd;D gNuJ nfhl;lNu Mf edNf j;utatd;D- 116 -
nfhLj;NjNd. aiy> [dfuh[Nd> Nyhfjy;yp jhpj;uDjzpfdd;D FwpJ N`Nf gj;utd;d gNuJ,r;rp]{j;jhNdNah> mjue;Nj /19/ Nyhff;Nf Njj;jhhpAG+[;aD Mj =dpth]D < g;ufhu FNgud trdtd;D(96)];utzkhb g;u`;kdd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD /120/=dpth]D khjdhLj;jhNd> aiy> g;u`;kNd> Uztd;D njJnfhk;GtD =dpth]D. nfhlj;jf;ftDFNguD / 21/ fypAfjy;yp Mj;af jhh;a epkpj;jthfpfy;ahzj;njN\ape;j ttpyk;g ]k;tj;]u it]hfkh]]{f;yg~ ]g;jkp jpt]jy;yp/22/FNgudpe;j `jpehy;Fy~ uhk Kj;Nuatuh`fSt;Ujpjpf;u`z fhuzjpe;j(gl;ba ]Ythfp) nfhly;gl;lT /23/ t;Uj;j]`pjthfp^y jdtd;d nfhlNgnfk;g ,r;NrAs;s =dpth]dpe;j Mj;ut;aT njnfJnfhsy;gl;bJ> tpth` gh;ae;ju Muk;gp]p]`];uth;\j NkNy \hh;q;f jD];]{ jhhpahj=dpth]dpe;j a\uh[dhj FNgudpNfh];fu jpUfp jdTnfhly;gljf;fJ. ,jf;nf rJh;Kfdhj g;u`;kD xg;g]h\pG+jD. j;hpNyhrydhj \q;fuD vulNd ]h~pG+jD./24/-25/ t;U~];Nu\;ldhj m];tj;t t;U~T ^uNd]h~pahfpUtJ aiy FNguNd> < tp\ajy;yp ]k;\aNgl.< g;ufhu. =dpth]D Uzgj;juhgpg;uhatd;D Nfsp=dpth]D jhNd ghpAtjf;Nf cj;Af;jdhjD / 26/ukhgjpahj =dpth]D < g;ufhu gj;uh;j;jtd;DjpSnfhz;L Uzgj;utd;D gNuJ FNgud `];jjy;ypnfhl;L mtdd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD /27/ aiy>FNguNd> gj;ujy;yp guj g;ufhuthfp jstds;DnfhLte;jtdhF. aiy> [dfuh[Nd> < g;ufhu=dpth]dpe;j khjhb]pnfhsy;gl;l FNguD /28/ gj;ujy;ypNyfdkhbje;Nj =dpth]dpNf fy;gj ]q;fghfj;ut;atd;DnfhLttdhjD. aiy> [dfuh[Nd> =dpth]Dj;utauh\pad;D fz;L M j;utatd;d FNgud ifay;ypnfhLte;jtdhjD. /29/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd> f;hPlhjpFztp\p\;ldhj =dpth]D ]h`pj;atd;D jUtjf;NfFNgudpNf N`SttdhjD. =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd .aiy> jNd];tuNd> g;u];jk;Udhj jz;Lytd;D- 117 -
jhp]{ttdhF/ 230/ cj;J> njhfhp> n`]U> NfhJkfsd;Djhp]{ttdhF. Fl. ijy> kJ. ~Pu> \h;fu> jjpKe;jhjgjhh;jfsd;D /31/ Nahf;athj nmkhy;aTs;scj;jhpaj`pjthj t];jufsd;D jhp]{ttdhF. jpy>`pq;F> khPrp> [Pu> ]h;]g> nke;jpfsd;D jhp]{ttdhF. /32/g;uh`;kz ];jphPahpNf `hpj;uhjpe;j Af;jthjtfsd;Dkhb]{ttdhF. aiy> FNguNd> fk;gfsd;D faf;Nf njfJnfhs;SttdhF. ve;J N`spjD. /33/ NjtNjfspNfcj;jhpat];utd;D Njtjh];jhphPahpNf J}Fyfsd;Djhp]{ttdhF. jpt;athj G+fpgyfsd;D ehfty;ypjsfsd;D jhp]{ttdhF. /34/ Vyh> ytq;fh> (97) fh;G+u>k;Ufehgpu]td;D jhp]{ttdhF. fd;ahh;j;jthfpkhq;fy;atd;D (kq;fs]{j;utd;D) fdp\;lhq;FypKj;hpNfad;d khb]{ttdhF. /35/ aiy. FNguNd>\Pf;uthfp edNf `];jhq;Fypatd;d khb]{.FNguD =dpth]d thf;atd;d ];utzkhb> $lNy~zjy;yp ahtj;J gjhh;j;jfsd;D ]pj;jkhb]pjD./36/FNguD khjhLj;jhNd> aiy Nfhtpe;jNd> epd;dmDf;u`jpe;j ]h;tgjhh;h;jtd;D rpj;jkhb]pj;NjNd. aiy>Gz;lhpfh~dhj =dpth]Nd> ,d;DNkNy ghfhh;jthfpmf;dpad;D Nah[Nd khLte;jtdhF /37/ < g;ufhuFNgudpe;j khjhb]p nfhsy;gl;le;j ][;[dhpNffjpg;ujehje;j =dpth]D fNuAtjf;Nf \z;Kfdd;DfS`p]{ttdhjD /38/ =dpth]d Mf;NQad;D jhp]pj];fe;jD j;tNuape;j N`hfp> =dpth]d Mf;NQad;Dmf;dpNf jpsp]{ttdhjD. mf;dpA thANtfjpe;jJ\;l[dkh;jfdhfj =dpth]d gspNf g;uhg;jdhjD /39/mde;jujy;yp G+[;adhj =dpth]D mf;dpad;D FwpJkhjhLttdhjD. =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd . aiy>mf;dpNa> ];th`h Njtpape;j Af;jdhfp>Ngh[Ndhtpjthjg~ md;d \hfhjpfsd;DNgfkhLttdhF / 240/ < ehuhazd thf;atd;d];utzkhb mf;dpA =dpth]dd;D FwpJ khjhbjD.mf;dpa khjhLj;jhNd> aiy =dpth]Nd> ghftd;DkhLtjf;Nf xe;jhjU ghj;Nu ,y;y./41/ aiy =dpth]Nd.g`{[dhpNf ghfkhljf;fje;Nj < tpjthfp mf;dpAtrdtd;d Nfsp mf;dpad;D jh;[dkhb> =dpth]DkhjhbjD /42/ aiy> mf;dpNa> epd;d f;U`jy;Ny aht- 118 -
njhl;L cj;]ttT cj;gd;dthapj;nje;jNu ghj;NufsMyj gP[e;Nj N`r;rsthFj;jNt/ 43/ MjNu ed;d fy;ahz]kajy;yp epk;k j;U\;bNf xe;J ghj;NuahjU gPStjpy;y.]h;thpF ]h;t]hjdtp\ajy;yp ijtNt Kf;ante;JjpspAj;NjNd / 44/ aiy> ]g;j]k;f;ahf KfTs;s mf;dpNa>ghfhh;j;jthfp gh[tfs;D N`Sj;NjNd. NfS. ];thkpG\;fhpzp ]Nuhtujyyp md;dtd;d khL. ghgtpdh\djPh;j;jjy;yp ]{gtd;D khL /45 aiy mf;dpNa>tpaf;je;Nfay;yp FlAf;jthj gukhd;dtd;D khL. aiy>mf;dpNa> NjtjPh;jjy;yp \hftd;DkhL. Jk;GUjPh;jjy;ypj;Ujtd;D fh]{te;jtdhF.. /46/ FUkhuhjpfh jPh;jjy;ypehehtpjthj g~;aafsd;D khL. ghz;LjPh;jjy;ypcj;jkthj j;hpzpu]td;D khljf;fJ / 47/ aiy> mf;dpNanfyT jPh;jfsy;yp fe;j^yfspe;j t;a[;[djhh;jtfS aiy>mf;dpNa> nfyT jPh;jfsy;yp Ny`hNga gjhh;fsd:Dkhlyu;glyp /48/ (98) k`h;\pfS =dpth]d < tpjjthf;atd;d ];utzkhb n`hfspjU. kj;J Ntjjy;ypF\yehj mf;dpA =dpth]D N`spje;NjNa ghftd;dkhLttdhjD /49/AfhD]huthfp mtjhu khLttD itFz;lth]pMj =dpth]d tprpj;ufh;kfS mj;aj;Gjthfp NjhhpJNt /150/ Njtjhfhh;aT epe;jp]ypf;Nf m\f;jthj mf;dpAkhjhLj;jhNd > thrhkNahruthje;J. aiy ];thkpNa>jj;Nahjd. jpyhd;d> kJtpde;Nj ];utp]{t gukhd;dtd;D/51/ jpe;jphpzPu]jpe;j kh\hG+g >FlhG+g \hfj;ja]{gjpe;jY $\;khz;ljpe;jY Af;jthj fe;j^ygyTg~;afhudpe;j khb]y;gl;lNt. aiy =dpth]Nd> epd;dmDf;u`jpe;j ]h;tghftd;D ]k;G+h;zte;jhj;jhfpNj/ 52-53/ aiy =dpth]Nd> g;uh`;kzud;D Njthjpfsd;dKdpfsd;D fNufs`p]pAte;jtdhF. epuhkathj=dpth]D mf;dpa trdtd;d Nfsp /54/ aiy>[dfuh[Nd> ]h;tud;d funfhz;LgUtjf;fhfp\pt]{jdhj \z;Kfdd;D fS`p]{. M \z;KfDg`{Ntf N`hfp [gep\;lU mf;dpguhazU /55/ NtjNfhtpjU Mj g;uh`;kzud;D FwpJ me;jj;Njde;jNu aiyNjtg;uh`;kz]h;tNu> ghfT ]k;G+h;zthfpj;Nj.Ngh[df;Nf VSttuhfhp /56/- 119 -
56/< tpjthfp \z;Kfdpe;j fhp]pnfhsy;gl;l f\;agmj;hp nkhjyhj U~pfS NjtNjfS g;uh`;kzUghf];jhdj ]kPgtd;D FwpJ gUttuhjU. /57/ g;uhg;ujhuM ay;y g;uh`;kzud;D tpjpG+h;tfthfp NgNuNgNutpq;fpb]p jhujk;ahD]huthfp ge;jpfsd;D khb$b]{tthdjU. /58/ ghj;uhghj;ujy;yp F\ydhj ]k;GTghj;ufsd;D `hFttdhjD. ghz;LjPH;j;jjpe;j=i]ygh;ae;ju tNuF g;uh`;kzU $LttuhjU . /59/=dpth]d kN`hj;]tjy;yp NjtNjfs eptpbG+juhfp$LttuhjU. g;uh`;kzU jk;kjk;k ghj;ujNkNy$LttuhjU /160/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd> Mfhyjy;ypG+[;adhj =dpth]D rJh;Kf g;u`;kdd;d FwpJkhjhLttdhjD . =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd . aiy>g;u`;kNd> NjthpNf mh;gpjthjjpe;j md;dtd;Dg;uh`;kzhpNf nfhlj;jf;fjy;y. /61/ g;u`;kDkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy> Nfhtpe;jNd>]h;tf;QD ]h;tNghf;jD]h;tNyhNf];tuD Mj epdd;dD gy;NyD. Epd;d]khdD epjfepj mjpfD ahU ,y;y/62/ aiy> fkygjpahj=dpth]Nd> ahhpNf mh;gp]jf;fNjh mjd;D edNfMf;Qh]{ttdhF. aiy> [dfuh[Nd> M =dpth]DGj;udhj g;u`;kd trdtd;d ];utzkhb> ef;F> (99)Gj;udd;D FwpJ khjhLttdhjD /63/ =dpth]DkhjhLj;jhNd> aiy> gu`;kNd> mN`hgpy e;U]pk;`dG+N[ad;D khb ieNtj;aa ]kh;g;gNzad;D khLttdhF.aiy> [dfuh[Nd> < g;ufhu =dpth]dpe;jN`sp]pnfhsy;gl;l g;u`;kD> mN`hgpy e;U]pk;`dpNfieNtj;a ]kh;g;Nazad;D ]k];j KdpfspNf]k;kjpahFte;Nj khLttdhjD. gspNf it];tNjttd;Dkhb> mde;ju NjtNjfs G+N[ad;D /64-65/ `hNfNag;uh`;kzu G+N[ad;D tpjpG+h;tfthfp khLttdhjD.m~j mj;Nahe;jf fe;j J}g jPg mDNygdfspe;j /66/=dpth]D ehk ke;j;uhjpG+h;tfthfp etf;u`fsd;dMuhjp]{yttdhjD. Mde;j ]k;G+h;zD NysfPfNj`jhhp Mj =dpth]D etf;u`fspNfek];fhp]{te;jtdhj.D.mde;ju m\;ljpf;ghyfU ghpNt\ztd;DkhLttuhjU. /67-68/ m\;ljpf;ghyfU ghj;u]k];fhuG+h;tfthfp ytznkhjyhnfhz;L j;Ujgh;ae;juthfp- 120 -
g;uh`;kzhpF NjtNjfspF ghpNt\ztd;d khLtuhjU.=dpth]D mf;dpKfjpe;j ghpNt\zT ]k;G+h;zthapnjk;gjD Nfsp /69/ xe;J ehuhazNd ]k];j g;uhzp]^`Nt mq;ffshfpUt tpuhl;&gdhfpj;jhNd. NgNuNgNug;uhzpfS `yTzL ]k;f;ahfthfpNt g;usajy;yptp];tghyfdd;D eh\u`pj Mj ehuhazDj;hpNyhffsd;d tpahgp]pnfhz;L g;uhzpfsy;ypme;jh;akpahfp Ngh[dtd;d khLj;jhNd / 270/ < ke;j;ujpe;jt;ahg;jdhj mN`hgy e;U]pk;`dp Nfh];fuf;U\;ahh;g;gztd;D khbjD. =dpth]D f];aghjpU~pfsd;D FwpJ Ngh[d khLttuhfpnue;JN`SttdhjD /71/ QhdG+h;tuhj epkNf md;djpe;jVD md;djpe;j VD G+h;zNj MFj;jNj.. k`hg;uhf;QuhjUjah]PyU Mj jgNt jdthfpUj;jNj /72/ ehDjhpj;unde;J jpspJ ed;dpe;j nfhly;gl;l yFG+jthjmd;Ndhjftd;D k`j;tnte;J ghtp]p f;UNgape;j];tPfhp]Pttuhfphp /73/ g;uhf;Ujp GU\de;Nj g;uh`;kzug;uhh;jNdad;d khLt =dpth]d trdtd;D ];utzkhbg;uh`;kzU khjhLttuhjU / 74/ U~pfS khjhLj;jhNu>aiy> ];thkpahj =dpth]Nd mk;Ujf;Nf ]khjdthjepd;d md;dT Kf;jpkhh;ff;Nf ]hjdthjj;J. aiy.=dpth]Nd> ghgFythj < fypAfjy;yp ehDf;Ujhh;juhNjT. / 75/ M U~pfS =dpth]dd;D < g;ufhu];yhgNdad;D khb ]e;J\;luhfp Ngh[dtd;DkhLte;jtuhjU.aiy [dfuh[Nd> Ngh[dhe;jujy;ypg;uh`;kzhpNf mtutu Nahf;ajhD]huthfp /76/ (100)G+[;adhj =dpth]D jhk;G+y j~pNzad;DnfhLttdhjD. kj;J j;tp[ ];Nu\;lhpNf xe;njhe;Jep\;ftd;D g;uk;khjpfspNf ep\;fhh;jtd;D g;u`;krhhpfspNfep\;fj rJh;jp\td;D > kpf;fhjthpNf mtututNahf;ajhD]huthfp j~pNzad;d nfhLttdhjD. M=dpth]D g;uh`;kzu Ngh[dhe;ju jhDNgh[dkhLttdhjD. /77/ Mf Gj;uhpe;jY> ngsj;uhe;jY.ghh;afspe;jY ge;Jfspe;jY Af;jdhjj;jy;yNj mf;dp>NyhfghyfU N]\fUlU ,thpe;jY Af;jdhfpNgh[dtd;d khLttdhjD. /78/ Ngh[dthj $lNyjpdhjP\dhj ]{h;aD uhj;hp];jhdtd;D iaJttdhjD.- 121 -
=dpth]D uhj;hpay;yp t~;kP]Nkjthfp gh;aq;fjy;yp\adtd;D khLttdhjD / 79/ ghgghp`hufdhj=dpth]D jhD epj;uh`pjdhjhf;A g;uhf;UjkD\;ade;Nj f;hPb]{ttdhjD.< tpjthj tpgttd;D iajpje;jh NjtNjfSU~pfS ]k;gukjpe;j Af;juhfp> ]g;jkp jpt]j uhj;jpad;Dfsp]{ttuhjU. g;u`;khjp Njt];Nu\;lU. f\;ag mj;hpnkhjyhj U~pfS / 280/ fe;jufy;ypA> f;U`fsy;ypA.t;U~fsy;ypA. gh;tjfs N`hjUfsy;ypA ]adkhLttuhjU. /81/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd> mde;jujy;ypg;uhjf;fhythfY ][;[dhpNf fjpg;ujdhj =dpth]Dg;u`;kdd;D fNuAtjf;Nf fUldd;dfS`p]{te;jtdhjD / 82/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd M fUlDthANtfjpe;j N`hfp jy;gjy;yp \adkhbj g;u`;kdd;DFwpJ cj;jktrdtd;D EbAte;jtdhjD. /83/ fUlDkhjhLj;jhNd > aiy> g;u`;kNd> t];j;yhdq;fhufspe;jG+\pjdhfp re;j;ued;Nj fhe;jpAs;s `k;]td;NdhpMfh\uh[d gl;lztd;D FwpJ N`hfhfypf;Nf jhjdhj=dpth]D gspNf N`hF. /84/ tprpj;uG+];Nu\;lD Mjthj;afsd;D ghhp]y;glyp. kj;J f[d NkNy N`hp ghhp]y;glyp. /85/ tprpj;uthjthj;afsd;D Me;NjhsfS ujfS uh[];Nu\;ldhjMfh\uh[d gl;lztd;d FwpJ ]g;jjpe;j N`hFtjf;Nf];Uq;fhp]y;glyp. /86/ g~pth`dd (=dpth]d)Gj;udhj g;u`;kD g~puh[dhj fUld < trdtd;D];utzkhb Njtfzj i]d;atd;d MjepNah[dkhLttdhjD /87/ MNd> FjpNu> aj;Jfs]^`td;D ]{ugjhjpfsd;D ]^`T myq;f;UjthfpJ/ 88/ ]{uU rJu]];th];jthjpfS gpjhk`dhjg;u`;kdd;D Ke;Nj khbnfhz;L =dpth]d ]kPgf;NfN`hFttuhjU. /89/ aiy> uh[Nd> ]h;tNjtNjfspNf];thkpahj g;u`;kdd;D fz;L (G+[;adhj =dpth]D)khjhLttdhjD.(101) =dpth]D khjhLj;jhNd> aiy>g;u`;kNd> n`huLtjf;Nf ahtfhuzjpe;j jlthFj;jNj /190/ Mfh\uh[d gl;lztd;D FwpJ ]h;ti]d;atd;DfS`p]{. th]{Njthj;kfdhj g;u`;kD =epth]d
khjhLj;jhNd> aiy. \j;Ueh]fdhj =dpth]Nd ]k];ji]d;aT ]];]h];jutd;D jphp]p tpj;athfpNj. aiy FU];Nu\;lNd> VS. fNf];tudhj fUldd;DMNuu`zkhL / 92/ < g;ufhu khjhb]p nfhsy;gl;lG+[;adhj gukhj;kD fUld ];fe;jftd;D MNuh`zkhLttdhjD. Kk;ghfjy;yp g;u`;kdd;D khb j~pzghfjy;yp Uj;udd;D khbnfhz;L /93/alghfjy;ypthAtd;D `pk;ghfjy;yp \z;Kfdd;D khbnfhz;L]{th;zeph;kpj ujjy;yp y~;kPNjtpad;D Mnuh`zkhb}]{ttdhjD/94/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd> gf;jtj;]ydhjG+[;adhj =dpth]D ]{h;ad ]khd fhe;jpAs;stpkhdjy;yp jhapahj gFyhtjpad;d $b]{ttdhjD/95/ ][;[dhpNf fjpg;ujdhj =dpth]D jhDfUlh&ldhfp N`hFttdhjD. aiy> [dfuh[Nd>N]\D re;j;ude;Nj fhe;jpAs;s ];Ntrj;utd;D jhp]pjD/96/ thAT fe;j]khdthj rhkufsd;d `hhp]{ttdhjD.uj;dkathj jz;lTs;s tprpj;uthj t;a[djpe;j=dpth]dd;D /97/ aiy> [dfuh[Nd> g;uhj\hyp ahjtp\;tf;N]dD gP]{ttdhjD. Nghp> Je;Jgpeph;Njh\fspe;j thjpj;ufS k`h];tuDfspe;j /98/eh;jfhpe;j fhafufspe;j `h`h `{`{ ehkf fe;jh;tjpe;jAf;jdhj tpgtdd;D iajpjtdhj> ]h;thj;kdhj>]h;tNjhKfdhj> =dpth]D n`hLttdhjD / 99/N` [dfuh[Nd> =dpth]d fkdfhyjy;yp NjthpF>U~pfspF> ijj;aU> fe;jh;tU> jg];tpfS /200/ g\pfSkD\;aU ,tu ]k;gh;jthFte;jhj;jhapJ. `hNf ];jphPaUt;Uj;U> ghyfU uh~]U ,tu ]k;kh;jthFte;j;jhapJ /1/];jphPahpNf M fhyjy;yp gu];gu fy`thFte;jhj;jhapJ.U~pfspNf U~pfd;dpNfahpNf NtjpfspNf Njtjh];jphPaufspF md;Nahd;athfp fy`thapJ. 2/ aiy>[dfuh[Nd> M khh;fkj;ajy;yp mjdU N`hFte;jtuhjU.Xg;g ];jphPA gjpad;D M];ua]p Gj;udd;D mq;fjy;ypnjnfJnfhz;L /3/ \pu];]pdy;yp ghutd;dn`hj;Jnfhz;L ghjfspe;j ebAtjf;Nf N`hFttuhjS.Aiy> [dfuh[Nd> M fhyjy;yp ujjy;yp $jpUtNjtjh];jphPaU (102) /4/ F\yuhj mjdud;D[thp]{ttuhfp khh;ftd;D epNuhjpkhLttuhfp>N`hFttuhjU. M fhyjy;yp ghujpe;j gPbjshj M ];jphPA- 123 -
gjpape;j tpNahftd;D n`he;jpjS. /5/ tpNahftd;Dn`he;jpj M ][jphPA aiy gjpNa tdjy;yp ed;dd;Dj;ahfkhlg;ahnle;J Mf;Ny\khLttshjS. < g;ufhuMf;Nuh\td;D khLj;jpUt g;uh`;kz];jphPad;DGj;udpe;j ]`pjshfp G+kpay;yp gPSttshjS. /6/ aiy[dfuh[Nd> M fhyjy;yp nfyT ]p\{fS NuhjdkhLte;jTsfhjT. nfytU g;u`;k\;luhFttuhjU. Mfhyjy;yp nfytU cjftd;d mNg~p]{te;jtuhjD.nfytU md;dNgN~ As;stuhFttuhjU. nfytU~Puhd;dtd;D Ngh[d khLttuhjU. nfytUjj;Nahjdtd;d Ngh[d khLttuhjU. /7/ =dpth]dfkdfhyjy;yp khh;fjy;yp nfytU `h];a khLttuhjU.nfytU Nuhjd khLte;jtuhjU. nfytU fkdkhLttuhjU. nfytU gyadtd;d khLttuhjU.nfytU G+jyjy;yp gpj;jtud;D fugy;ytjpe;jvg;gp]{ttuhjU. nfytU gpj;jtdud;D fz;L`h];atd;d khLttuhjU. aiy uh[Nd> Njtjh];jphPaU`hNf itfhd] ];jphPaU> U~pfs ];jphPaU fe;jh;t];jphPaU> =dpth]dy;yp gf;jpg;hpazuhjtuhfpNtq;flhryjpe;j ,spJ g;uhaz khLttuhjU / 8-9-10/N]\hrytd;D Muk;gkhb ehuhazGu gh;ae;juthfpjpykhhj;u Mfh\Ts;s];jsF fhzp]ypy;y.N`> [dfuh[Nd> =dpth]d i]d;aTgj;kjPh;j;jtd;D kj;ajy;yp khbnfhz;L N`hFte;jj;jhapJ.Uf;Ntj a[{h;Ntj> ]hkNtj> mjh;tz Ntjfspe;jfhadkhb]p nfhsy;gl;ltdhj [fj;FUthj> y~;kPgjpahj[fj;Nahdpghj ]r;rpjhde;j ];Nua];]{s;stdhj=dpth]D k`hjPh;jtd;D iajpjD. /11/f;U\;zj;itghadu Gj;udhj ]{fKdpA Njt> ijj;a>fe;jh;t> ]hj;a> kUj;fzfspe;j ]`pjdhfp fUlhUldhfpg;uhg;jdhj =dpth]dd;D fz;L /12/ N`> [dfuh[Nd>]h\;lhq;fG+h;tf ek];fhu khb> khjdhbjD. N`>GUN\hj;jkNd ehkhbj jg];]T rgythapnje;JjpspAj;NjNd /13/ ahnfe;jNu N` GUN\hj;jkNd>NtjNfhrudhj aht epd;d g;u`;kUj;uhjpfspe;jjpspay;ypf;Nf mfk;aNdh> me;j epd;dd;D Nej;ufspe;jNehLttdhNjD /14/ Gj;u kpj;u mfpyNyhfghyfufspe;j]`pjthj N\\dpe;j y~;kPNjtpape;j Af;jdhj epd;dd;D- 124 -
aht fhuzj;jN\ape;j ghf;a\hypahj Nej;ufspe;jNehLttdhNjNdh> M fhuzj;jN\ape;j ed;dpe;jkhly;gl;l epd;d ghjG+N[A ]gynte;J jpspAj;NjNd.. /15/N` Njt]Nu\;ldhj t;ahg;jdhj =dpth]Nd> ed;dtpf;QhgNdad;D ];utzkhL. g;u]d;ddhF. (103) N`>Ntq;flhryf;Nf ];thkpahjtNd> ed;dNkNyf;UNgad;dkhb ed;dy;ypUt fe;j^ygyfsd;Dg~zkhb> N`hFte;jtdhF /16/< g;ufhu ]{fKdpape;j khjdhb]p nfhsy;gl;ltdhj=dpth]D khjdhLttdhjD. =dpth]DkhjhLj;jhNd> N`> jhg];Nu\;ldhj ]{fKdpNa>][;[dhpNf ]k;kjthj ed;d trdtd;D ];utzkhL/17ePD F\ydhjtD. tpuf;jD> g;u`;krhhpA.j;Ult;ujfTs;stD. N`> g;uh`;kzNd> ehT ]k;]hujy;ypepujuhj g`s[dU ,j;NjNt. /18/ k`hj;kdhjMfh\uh[d efutd;D FwpJ < n`hh;jpd jpt]jy;ypN`hfp> my;ypNa Ngh[dkhlNgnfe;J ed;d kd];]pdy;ypmNj./19/ < g;ufhu =dpth]D khjhLj;jpuY> t;ah]Gj;udhj ]{fD khjdhLte;jtdhjD. ]{fhrhh;aDkhjdhLj;jhNd> N`> =dpth]Nd> ehD ep\;frdD .ePD ep\;frd[df;hpaD. ePD Ngh[dkhbjNu [fj;JNgh[d khbje;jhfpJ. < tp\ajy;yp ]k;\atpy;y. < g;ufhu]{fhrhh;a khjdhLj;jpuY> gFyhtjpA =dpth]dd;DFwpJ khjdhLttshjS. /20-21/ gFyhtjpAkhjdhLj;jhNs> N`. ukhgjpahj =dpth]Nd> ]{fhrhh;autrdtd;d NfSttdhF. epd;d tpth`jy;ypMfh\uh[dpNf g`{g;ufhuthfp NghjNd khb aj;dtd;dkhbj;jhNd./ 22/ < g;ufhu jhapahj gFyhtjpa trdtd;D];utzkhb y~;kPgjpahj =dpth]D ]{fdd;D FwpJkhjdhLttdhjD.. =dpth]D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`>Kdp];Nu\;ldhj ]{fhrhh;aNd> epd;d thf;antk;gmk;Ujghdjpe;j edNf j;Ug;jpA MFte;jhapJ. /23/my;g]{fTs;s gyjpe;j `hq;F g;uhf;Ujhd;djpe;j edNfVD g;uaNah[dT. `hq;fhjhf;A epd;d thf;ajpe;j N`KdpNa> Ngh[dtd;D khLj;NjNd. /24/ M =dpth]DKdp];Nu\;ldhj ]{fKdpad;d < g;ufhu ]khjhdkhbfUld jN\ape;j ,spjtdhfp Gj;ugjpf;u` ]`pjdhfp]{fKdpa gh;zFbytd;d g;uNt\khLttdhjD /25/- 125 -
KQ;[fspe;j khly;gl;l uk;athj M]djy;yp =dpth]D$LttdhjD. ]{fKdpA gj;kjPh;jjy;yp ];dhdtd;Dkhb>gf;jpape;j Af;jdhfp> md;dtd;D khbjD. /26/ cj;juhzpgP[fsd;D K\;bfspe;j Fl;b M jz;Lyfspe;j cj;jkthjmd;dtd;d khLttdhjD /27/ Ney;Fs;s `hq;F`{z]pu]jpe;j Af;jthj u]td;D kD\;aD ahtjhpe;jme;jh;ahkpahj gukhj;kd G+N[ad;d khLj;jhNdh /28/mjhpe;jNy tuh`^h;jpa G+[NdA ]hJ]k;kjthje;jhj;jJ>(104) < g;ufhu mh;jjj;tgy;ytdhj ]{fDjpsjtdhfp =dpth]d ghjg;u~hyNdad;D khb /29/gj;kgj;ufsd;D `hptp M gj;ujy;yp u]ghpjthjmd;dtd;D ,l;L ]h\;lhq;f ek];fhutd;D khb /230/]h;tfhyjy;yp G+h;zkNdhujTs;stdhj =dpth]Nd>Ngh[dtd;D khLte;jtdhF. < g;ufhu gukg;hPjpahj]{fKdpape;j ghuhh;j;jdh khb]pnfhsy;gl;ltdhj /31/G+[;adhj ]h;tNghf;Ujdhj gukhj;kD U~pfspNfcrpjthj M`hutd;D Ngh[dkhLttdhjD / 32/=dpth]d Mf;NQape;j y~;kPNjtpA gFyhtjpape;j$bnfhz;L U~pape;j nfhly;gl;l mk;Ujf;Nf ]khdthjmd;dtd;D Ngh[dkhbjS /33/ y~;kPgjpahj=dpth]D Ngh[dkhLj;jpuY> M fhyjy;yp U~pfSNfhgjpe;j G+hpjtuhfp ]{fhrhh;add;D gagb]{ttuhfp>cj;jkthj M]djj;jN\ape;j VSttuhjU /34/]hghDf;u` ]hkhh;j;ja Ts;stuhj U~pfSNfhgAf;juhfypf;Nf mtu mgpg;uhatd;D gy;ytdhjG+[;adhj> gukhj;kdhj> =dpth]D n`huNf g;uhg;jdhfp]h;thpNf j;Ug;jp MFt]Ythfp . ]{j;fhutd;DkhLttdhjD. j;Ug;jpNf fhuzpG+jthj =dpth]dKffkyjpe;j cj;gd;dthj thAtpdpe;j /35-36/fhkNjDtpdpe;j `hq;Nf j;Ug;jpad;d iajNgNfh> `hNfj;Ug;jpad;D n`he;jpjtuhj U~pfS ];Njhj;ujpe;jkp];uthj trdfspe;j ]{fdd;D ]e;Njh\gb]{ttuhjU./37/ m\;lkp jpt] < ]{fh];ukjy;yp th]khb> etkpFUthu g;uhjfhyT g;uhg;jthfY> =dpth]Dj;t]Af;jdhfp> Gd` fUldd;D MNuh`zkhb>rJh;uq;f gyhj;g~dhj ]h;tNyhff;Nf gpjhk`dhjg;u`;kdd;D /39/ [fjP];tudhj =dpth]D Ke;Njkhbnfhz;L> fkdkhbjD. ]{h;aD m];jhrytd;D- 126 -
iajyhfp Mfhyjy;yp k`Pgjpahj /240/ Mfh\uh[D f;Ujkq;fygh;athfp m\;lth;ftd;D khbnfhz;L > N`>[dfuh[Nd> gj;khtjpad;D ]{fe;NjhNgjthj ijyjpe;jkq;fy];dhdtd;D khb]p /41/ ];Nu\;lthj fd;dpfpahjgj;kthjpad;D myq;fhufspe;j myq;fhp]p f[jNkNy $b]p/42/ jh;kp\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D GNuh`pjdpe;j >Gj;udpe;j> ,e;j;udpe;j< njhz;lkhduh[dpe;j]`pjdhfp n`huLttdhjD / 43/ukhgjpahj [fj;Nahdpahj =dpth]dd;D(105)NehLNgnfe;J ,r;rhTs;s Mfh\uh[D ]k];jthjf[> m];t> ujfspe;j ]`pjthj rJuq;fi]d;ajpe;j/44/j;t[fspe;j gjhfffspe;j rhkufspe;j> t;a[dfspe;j> NghpJe;Jgp epNh;Nfh\fspe;j> ghjpjj;ufs k`h j;tdpfspe;j /45/eh;jfhpe;j elhpe;j ]{jkhfj te;jpfspe;j ];Njhj;ukhb]pnfhsy;gl;ltdhj Mfh\uh[D i]d;akj;ajy;ypN]hgp]{ttdhjD/46/ `;ahq;Nf Mfh\jy;ype~j;ukz;ljy;yp re;j;ujgpk;gT N]hgp]{{j;jNj> M g;ufhui]d;akj;ajy;yp N\hgp]{t Mfh[uh[D ,e;j;udpe;jNjhhp]y;gl;l =dpth]dd;D fhk;GtttdhjD. /47/fUlh&ldhj ];Njtrj;uhjpfspe;j Af;jdhj> ]{Fkhudhj>jUzdhj> ]{e;judhj> ]{e;juKfTs;stdhj/48/rr;rpjhde;j tpf;u`dhj [fj;Nahdpahj =dpth]dd;Dfz;L. ]e;J\;lthj kd];]pdpe;j ujjpe;j nfsNf ,sJ>Mfh\uh[D ];tGj;hpahj gj;khtjpad;D Ke;Njkhbnfhz;L GNuh`pjdd;D Ke;Nj khbnfhz;L ehD jd;aD> ehDf;UUjf;Uj;aD> ];th;fkhh;ftd;d M];uap]{tdhNj ae;j M fhyjy;yp ][;[dhpNffjpg;ujdhj =dpth]D/51/ ehujhpe;j Njhhp]y;gl;ltdhjuh[];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[dd;D NehbjD. ehujUkhjdhLj;jhNu> N`> =dpth]Nd> jPh;f];k];UTs;stdhj>jPh;f gh`{Ts;stdhj jPh;fjh;\dTs;stdhj> ];t]{udhjMfh\uh[dd;D NehLttdhF. =dpth]DkhjhLj;jhNd> N`. ehujNd> ahtfhuz j;NjN\ape;jMfh[uh[D edNf ghe;jtdhjNdh> M fhuzj;NjN\ape;jed;d [d;kT jd;athapJ/52-53/ G+h;tjy;yp ed;dpe;j VDGz;aT khly;gl;bNjh> M Gz;ajpe;j Mfh\uh[D edNf- 127 -
]k;ge;jpfdhFttdhjD. < g;ufhuthfp `;U\pNf\dhj=dpth]D khjdhLj;jpuY> ]j;aguhf;uk\hypahjMfh\uh[D/54/ j;thuNjhuztd;D iajp>=dpth]dd;D fz;L t]j;uhguzfspe;jG+[p]{ttdhjD. /55/ N`> [dfuh[Nd> fe;jijyjpe;j[hkhj;Udhj =dpth]dd;D G+[p]pjD. M gj;khtjpAgukgtpj;udhj gjpahj =dpth]dd;D Nehb> /56/tp\hyh~pahj gj;khtjpA y[;N[ape;jNkh`pjshFttshjS. N`. [dfuh[Nd> [fj;Nahdpahj=dpth]D fkyf;Nf ]hpahj Nej;ufSs;s gj;kthjpad;Dfz;lD. 57/ gj;khtjpA `hF =dpth]D cgajUth`djpe;jpsJ N`> [dfuh[Nd> gu];guthfpMNyhrNdad;D//(106) khb epe;jpUttuhjU/58/=dpth]d gf;jU ahNuh> mtU gu];guthfpMypq;fdtd;D khLttuhjU. efuj;thuNtM];utthfpAs;s Jh;fhNjtpad;D iajp gf;jpape;j /59/gj;khtjpape;j Af;jdhj khahtpahj =dpth]DJh;fhNjtpad;D ek];fhp]p gj;khtjpad;d ghh;asd;Dkhnle;J tutd;D Ngbnfhz;lD/260/ `hNftp]hyh\pahj gj;khtjpA ukhdhjdhj [fd;dhjdhj=dpth]dd;D gjpad;D khnle;J tutd;DNgbnfhz;lS/61/< g;ufhu ];Njhj;ukhb Iuhtjtd;D MNuh`zkhbjS. gf;jtj;]ydhj G+[;adhj =dpth]DfUlh&ldhjD/62/]`];uhAj]q;f;ahfthjijy][f;jjthj jPgfspe;j yh[hfsdD G\;gh@jhfsd;DM]ke;jhj;GHfjy;yp `hup]{ttuhfpe;j/63/ ];Njhj;ukhLtge;jp]^`fspe;j ]{jkhfjufspe;j> NtjNfh\Gu];]uthfp M]Ph;thjtd;D khLt [dfufspe;j/64/g;u`;khjp ]{u];Nu\;lufspe;j ]{f nkhjyhj g;uh`;kz];Nu\;lufspe;j =dpth]dd;D NehLttuhjgl;lz];juhj euehhpfspe;j Af;jdhj/65/ tPzh> NtZ>gzt Mdf Je;Jgpfsd;D thjdkhLt ,ju [dufspe;j>N;t\;ah];jphPaufspe;j /66/ fhdjy;yyp epGzuhjfe;jh;tufspe;j ]{jhkhj;aufspe;j Af;jdhj jh;kp\;ldhj=dpth]dy;yp guhazdhj Mfh\uh[D /67/ gj;khtjp]Nkjdhj =dpth]dd;D ]k;g;uk ]`pjdhfp nky;yNfehuhazGujy;yp ]Q;rhu khb]{tttdhfp /68/ fjyp- 128 -
];jk;gfspe;j ,\{jz;lfspe;j> g+Nfhgyj NgfhQ;ryfspe;j>myq;f;Ujthj u]hygytufspe;j Af;jdhj> G+h;zFk;gfspe;j myq;f;Ujthj /69/ Kf;jh[hyfspe;j Af;uhjgj;kuhffspe;j N]hghakhdthj t[;[u itLh;afspe;jfrpjthj ,e;j;uePyf;Nf ]khdthj fhe;jpAs;s /270/`hNfkufjkzpNf ]khdthj Njhuzfspe;j N\hgpjthjFq;:FNkhjfjpe;j ]k;G+h;zthj fdfghjpfspe;j/71/N\hghakhdthj rJ\;gjfsy;yp ePuh[Ndad;d khLt];jphPaufspe;j khh;fj;uatd;D jhb> th]{Njthyatd;DFwpJ g;uhg;jdhfp/72/ y~;kPNjtpape;j Af;jdhj=Ntq;fNl\dd;D cj;jkthj ke;jutd;D g;uNt\khb]pjD. =dpth]d ghe;jtu]KjhaT `hNf gyT jk;kjk;k f;U`fsy;yp g;uNt\khLte;jhj;jhapJ/73/ (107)Mfhyjy;yp gQ;rfbfh uhj;hpfhyT MapJ. N`> [dfuh[Nd>f[];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D ];tfPa gtdtd;D FwpJN`hFttdhjD/74/N` [dfuh[Nd> Mfh\uh[D N`hjNkNynjhz;lkhduh[D gh`{ttdhjD. ];UNjape;j gPbdhj=dpth]D g;uhg;jdhj njhz;lkhduh[dd;D FwpJkhjdhbjD /75/ =dpth]D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`>njhz;lkhduh[Nd> ]k];juhj itth`pf [dU> `hNfehD ed;d Gj;udhj g;u`;kD ed;d jhapahj gFyhtjpANjtjpfS/ 76/ gjpt;uNjahj ghh;ashj y~;kPNjtpA];UNjape;j gPluhfpj;jhNd. N` njhz;lkhduh[Nd>,tufspNf md;dtd;d ehdhtpjthj g~;afsd;DfS`p]{ttdhF/77/ N` uh[Nd> ]Pf;uthfp ghftd;Dkhb]{. ek;ky;yp Ch;jNuj];fuhj U~pfspj;jhNu.Mjfhuz mf;dpape;j ghftd;d khb]{te;jtdhF. /78/N`> uh[Nd> ed;d ]Ythfp cj;jkthj gf;thd;dtd;DfS`p]{ttdhF. =dpth]d trdtd;D ];utzkhb>t]{jhjP\dhj njhz;lkhduh[D =dpth]dd;D FwpJkhjdhbjD/ 79/ njhz;lkhduh[D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`>[fjP\dhj =dpth]Nd> < ]hPuT < uh[;aT epd;d]k;gj;jjpfthje;jhj;J. kD\;ad elh\Nj Nyghffjpad;D iajpjtdhj ehD ed;dd;D Nkh`gb]{j;jp./280/ N`> [dfuh[Nd> njhz;lkhduh[D < g;ufhukhjdhb> ];tf;U`td;D FwpJ N`hjtdhfp>~zkhj;ujyyp mf;dpape;j ghftd;D ]pj;jjkhb]p/81/- 129 -
Ntjjy;yp F\yuhj U~pfspNf Njtjh ];jphPaufspNf//md;dhNgN~ahj g;uh`;kzhpNf uh[hd;dtd;D mh;gzkhLttdhjD. /82/ =dpth]d ]k;ge;jpfuthj NjtjpfSg~;a md;d u]jpe;j Af;jthj gjhh;td;D Ngh[dkhLttuhjU. uh[];Nu\;ldhj njhz;lkhduh[DMjujpe;j ]`pjdhfp =dpth]dNfh];fu/83/g`{tpjthjmd;dtd;D khajpe;j kJjpe;j ]`pjthj g~;atd;Dnjhz;lkhduh[D jhNd njnfJnfhz;L ge;J=dpth]dpNf Ngh[dtd;D khb]pjD./84/GU\];Nu\;ldhj =dpth]D y~;kPNjtpape;jgunk\;bape;j jhapahj gFyhtjp `hNf N]\fUlhpe;j]`pjdhfp Ngh[dtd;D khLttdhjD /85/ N`>[dfuh[Nd> [hkhj;Udhj =gjpahj =dpth]dpNfjpt;athj t];j;ufsd;D nfhl;L> njhz;lkhduh[D=dpth]d Mf;NQape;j ];tf;U`td;D FwpJN`hFttdhjD /86// (108) N`> [dfuh[Nd>njhz;lkhduh[D N`hjNkNy ]{fjpe;j Af;jdhj=dpth]D Njh\u`pjdhjhf;A ]{fh]djy;yptpjpG+h;tfthfp ]adtd;D khLttdhjD/87/< g;ufhuthfp M uhj;hpfhyT N`hfp> j\kp jpt\jy;ypg;UFthu g;ughj]kaT g;uhuk;gthfY/88/ ]h;tj;ut;ahg;jdhj =dpth]D vj;J kq;fs];dhdtd;D khbt]p\;lKdpad;D FwpJ khjdhLttdhjD /89/=dpth]D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`> t]p\;lNd> ek;kf;U`jy;yp ehD y~;kPNjtpA g;u`;kD jhapahjgFyhtjpA GNuh`pjdhj ePD < g;ufhu IJ[dUNgh[dkhljf;fjy;y. cgth]je;jpuNgF. /290/uh[df;U`jy;yp Mfh\uh[D> Mfh\uh[d gj;dpA >fd;dpNfA GNuh`pjD mD[dhj njhz;lkhduh[D [dfuh[Nd>][;[dhpNf fjpg;ujdhj =dpth]D GNuh`pjdhjt]p\;ldd;D FwpJ < g;ufhu khjdhb> FNgudd;D FwpJkhjdhLttdhjD/92./ =dpth]D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`>a~uh[dhj FNguNd> g;uh`;kzu ]Ythfp Mfh\uh[d]kPgtd;D FwpJ N`hFttdhF. a~uh[dhj FNguD uh[dd;DFwpJ /93/ N`hjtdhfp =dpth]dpe;j N`sy;gl;ltrdtd;D N`SttdhjD. FNguD khjdhLj;jhNd>- 130 -
N`> Mfh\uh[Nd> U~pKf;ahpNf yf;dhh;j;G+h;tjy;ypNgh[dT khly;gljf;fj;J. /94/ uhj;hpay;yptpth`gh;tfhyT. j;uNahj\ fbfhf;f mNj. M fhyjy;ypg;uh`;kzu Ngh[dT m]hj;aT. mjf;fhfp G+h;tjy;ypg;uh`;kzu Ngh[dtd;D khb]{ttdhF. /95/ < g;ufhuFNguD uh[dd;d NghjNdkhb jpUfp gh`{ttdhjD.FNghuD N`spje;Nj Mfh\uh[D g;uh`;kzuNgh[dtd;D khb]{ttdhjD / 96/ g;uh`;kzhpNfjhk;G+ytd;D je;J ep\;f j~pzhtd;D nfhl;lD> N`>[dfuh[Nd> vjhh;j;j\thj =dpth]d fy;ahzjpt]jy;yp/97/ Mfh\uh[D j\kP jpt] ]{fthujy;yp]haq;fhyjy;yp ]k];jthj rJuq;fgytd;D Gj;udd;D/98/ mD[dhj njhz;lkhd uh[dd;D GNuh`pjdd;DKe;Nj khbnfhz;L ]{`;Uj; ]k;ge;jpghte;jtufspe;j]`pjdhfp/99/ uj;dfk;gsjpe;j G+\pjthj Nkfuhtjpe;jAf;jthj gj;jthj fz;lhfspe;j Af;jthjIuhtjdhkfthj/300/rJh;je;jTs;s k`hj;tdpTs;sfh;zfspNf (109) gj;jthj rhkuTs;s Iuhtjfp f[td;D`hF ,e;judd;D Ke;Njkhbnfhz;L /1/ [hkhj;Udd;DfhpAtju jN\ape;j =dpth]d f;U`td;d FwpJgh`{ttdhjD.N`> [dfuh[Nd> M k`hf;U`jy;ypmAj]k;f;ahfthj ];jk;gspe;j N\hgpjthj /2/ uj;dfspe;jAf;jthj =dpth]dpNf g;uafuthj ]ghtd;D khbj;jD.M ]ghjy;yp k`hghf;a\hypahj ]h;tNjtjpfS$LttuhU. 3/ tp];thkpj;u> guj;th[> t]p\;l> nfsjk>g;UF> Gy];j;a> thy;kPfp/4/itfhd]> J}h;th]> khh;fz;Nla>fhyg> jjprp> r;atd> ]df> ]de;jd /5/ Nyhfjy;yp];Nu\;lthj fy;gu`pjuhj > ];Nu\;ljkuhj> [uhKFljpe;jG+\pjthj mq;fTs;stuhj g;ufh\khdthjf;U\;zh[pdNt t];j;uTs;stuhj> < U~pfSf\;agdd;D Ke;Nj khbnfhz;L. ]ghkj;ajy;yp$LttuhjU. mtu kj;ajy;yp =dpth]D uj;dfk;gsjy;yp$LttdhjD. /6-7/ =dpth]d Kk;ghfjy;yp Nyhff;Nfgpjhk`dhj g;u`;kD `];jfsd;D N[hb]pnfhz;Lepe;jUttdhjD. ]j;aguhf;uk]hypahj Mfh\uh[D M]gh j;thutd;D iajp GNuh`pjdd;D Ke;Njkhbnfhz;L.=dpth]d ]kPgtd;D FwpJ g;uhg;jdhjD.- 131 -
=dpth]D g;uhg;jdhj Mfh\uh[dd;D fz;L aj;Jepj;Uttdhfp /8-9/ G+[;adhj =dpth]D Mfh\uh[dd;D Mypq;fd khbnfhz;L thf;atd;dkhjdhbjD. =dpth]D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`>uh[];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[Nd> ePD mj;ae;j];Nu\;lhjtD. Gj;jepj;jpjp. /310/ N`> uh[Nd> ePD ed;df;U`td;D VDfhuz gh`{ttdhjp. ed;dd;DfhpAtjf;Nf Gj;udhj tp\;tf;N]ddd;DfS`p]jf;fjpj;J./11/=dpth]D < g;ufhu khjdhLj;jpuY>Mfh\uh[D Gnuh`pjdhj t]p\;ldd;D FwpJkhjdhbjD. Mfh\uh[D khjdhLj;jhNd N`>GNuh`pjNd> VD fhuz mtfh\T. =dpth]dG+N[ad;D ]Pf;uNt khb]{ttdhF. /12/ t]p\;lD uh[dtrdtd;D ];utzkhb uh[gj;dpahj juzpNjtpad;DFwpJ khjdhbjD> t]p\;lD khjhLj;jhNd> N`>juzPNjtpNa> mUe;jjpad;D Ke;Nj khbnfhzL=dpth]d G+N[ad;D khLttshF. /13/ N`>[dfuh[Nd> e;UgNf g;hpafushj Mde;jgh\;ajpe;j]e;jpf;jthj NyhrNdTs;sshj M juzP NjtpA ]k;g;ukjpe;jvj;J =dpth]d.( 110) Kftd;D fz;L /14/ Mde;jjpe;jG+hpjshfp > ehD f;Uj;f;Uj;ashnje;j jpspAttshjS.M juzpNjtpA y[;N[ape;j G+hpjshfp ]tpjhde;jtpf;u`Ts;stshfp> =dpth]d G+N[ad;D khLttshjS/15/ M juzPNjtpad;D fz;L> ]k];juhj ];jphPaUtp];kajpe;j M$ythj kd];]{s;stuhfp> g;u\;lthj`;UjaTs;stuhfp uh[dpNf g;hpafushj juzpNjtpad;DFwpJ khjdhLttuhjU/16/ ];jphPaU khjdhLj;jhNu> N`>juzPNjtpNa> G+h;t[d;kjy;yp epd;dpe;j VD Gz;aTkhly;gl;bNjh> M Gz;ajNahfjpe;j g;u`;kdpe;jth]{Njtd mh;rdh khLt tp\ajy;yp eph;khzkhb]pnfhsy;gl;ltshfpj;jp. /17/ aht ePD ]h~hj;ehuhazdd;D G+[hkhLj;jpNah> Mjfhuz epd;dGz;af;Nf cgkhdapy;y. < g;ufhu ];jphpahpe;j];Njhj;ukhb]p nfhsy;gl;ltshj uh[ty;ygshjjuzPNjtpA/18/ ijyfh;G+ufspe;j ]{fe;jTs;s re;jdjpe;j]{Nu];tudhj =dpth]dd;D G+[p]{ttshjS. /19/ehdhtpjthj t];j;ufspe;j uj;dfspe;j Kf;jhfspe;jeph;kpjthj G+\zfspe;j G+[p]{ttshjS. GNuh`pjdpe;j- 132 -
Mf;Qhg;jdhj uh[D Guhz GUN\hj;jkdhj>Njh\u`pjdhj> [hkhj;Udhj =dpth]dd;D f[jNkNyFs;sphp]pnfhz;L n`huLttdhjD. Mf=dpth]dd;D g;u`knde;j ]k;G+tpdpe;j /320-21/]`pjdhfp FNgu .N]\> fUl. Mf;dp> thA> ak>kUj;fsfspe;j]`pjdhfp/22/]k];juhjNjtjh];jphPaufspe;j ];jphPGj;uhjpspe;j ]`pjuhjt]p\;lhjp Kdp];Nu\;lufspe;j ]`pjdhj =dpth]Duj;dNjhuzfspe;j kz;bjthj uh[f;U`td;D FwpJN`hFttdhjD/23/ ehehtpjthj [dUfspe;jjbjthj ehdhtpjthj myq;fhufspe;j myq;f;Ujthjuh[gtdtd;D FwpJ k`hthj;aj;tdpfspe;j Af;jdhjmAj]k;ahfthj jPgspe;j jPgpjthj/24/ [hkhj;U]`pjdhj Mfh\uh[D j;thuj Njhuzfs ]kPgjy;yprJuq;fgytd;dpl;L f;U`njhsNf N`hFtjf;Nfcj;Af;jdhFttdhjD/25/ mNj ]kajy;ypnjhz;lkhduh[d ghh;aS Fq;FNkhjf ghj;utd;DnjnfJnfhz;L. =dpth]dpNf ePuh[d khLtjf;Nfh];fug;uhg;jshjtshfp> =dpth]dd;D G+[p]{ttshjS.Mfh\uh[D k`hj;thuj ]kPgjy;yp g\{fsd;D]k;`hukhLttdhjD. G]{]k;`hujpe;j MjkNy=dpth]D uh[ke;jputd;D g;uNt\khbjD./26/-27/fkyf;Nf ]hpahj Nej;uTs;stdhj ghgghp`hufdhj (111)=dp]h]D Mfh\uh[dpe;j ]`pjdhfpg`{]q;f;ahfthj j;thufsd;D jhb> uh[gtdtd;Dg;uNt\ khb uh[eph;kpjthj uj;dh]djy;ypN`hgp]pjD./28/ uj;dkathj Nghh;[fype;jehy;Fjpf;fpdy;yp epe;jpUt fjyp];j;kgfSs;s kz;lgkj;ajy;yp =dpth]dd;D $b]p ghgu`pjdhj KdpfS=dpth]dd;D ]{j;Jfl;b> $LttuhjU/29/ ]k];juhjNjtjpfS g;u`;kdd;D Ke;Nj khbnfhz;L]{jhD]huthfp eaNehj;]ttd;D NehLj;jNy]{th;zkathj M]djy;yp $jpUttuhjU /330/mde;jujy;yp jh;kp\;ldhj Mfh\uh[Dkq;fs];dhdtd;D khLttdhjD. Mfh\uh[dgj;dpahj juzPNjtpA ]{fe;Njhjf ijfyspe;j kq;fs];dhdtdD khbjtshfp/31/ jd;dd;D myq;fhufspe;jmyq;fhp]{ttshjS. ]{th;zkathj Fk;gjy;yp G+hpjthj- 133 -
];thkpG\;fhpzp cjftd;D/32/ g;uh`;kzhpe;j jhp]pfd;ahjhdhq;fG+j]kq;fy;gtd;DtpjpG+h;tfthfpMfh\uh[D khbjD/33/ N`> [dfuh[Nd> mde;jujy;ypGNuh1pjdpe;j ]`pjdhj Mfh\uh[DkJgh;f;ftd;D khb>]`];j;u ]Ph;\h GU\ vk;Ngh ke;jtd;D cr;rhukhLj;jNyjuzPNjtpape;j `hfy;gl;l ];thkpG\;fhpzpcjfjpe;jghjg;u~hydad;D khbjD. /34-35/ Mfh\uh[DG+[;afuthj `hpghNjhftd;D k];jfjy;yp jhp]{ttdhjD.`hF ghh;a> Gj;uuNkNy gtdjNkNy> ghz;lhuf;U`jNkNy> /36/ =dpth]dy;yp guhazdhjMfh\uh[D uh[\hyh. uj\hyh> ];j;pf;U`fsNkNy>=dpth]d ghNjhjffspe;j g;Nuh~p]{ttdhjD/ 37/Mfh\uh[D khjdhLj;jhNd> ed;d [d;kT < n`hh;j;jpdjpt]jy;yp ]gythapJ. [PtpjT ]hh;jfthapJ.=dpth]d ghNjhfjpe;j ed;d g;Uj;UfS < n`hh;j;jpdjpt]jy;yp ]e;J\;luhjU. 38/ k`huh[dhj Mfh\uh[D< g;ufhu khjdhb> fkyf;Nf ]hpahjNej;uTs;stshj fd;dpfpahj gj;khtjpad;D N`[dfuh[Nd> tprpj;thj myq;fhufspe;jmyq;hp]{tdhjD/39/mde;jujy;yp ijtf;QD fbfhNfh\td;D khb.]{K~{h;j;jae;J kq;fyh\;lftd;D N`SttdhjD/340/uh[];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D =dpth]dpNffd;ahjhdfhyjy;yp Nfhb]k;f;ahfthj Nkh`ufsd;DnfhLttdhjD/41/ G+[;adhj =dpth]D Mjduh\pad;D fz;L> Mfh\uh[dd;D FwpJkhjdhLttdhjD. =dpth]D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`>Mfh\uh[Nd> epd;d Gj;u]khddhj (112) edNfepd;dpe;j VD nfhljf;fJ. /42/ ePD tpth` fh;kjy;ypepGzdhjtD. jhdjy;yp M]f;jdhjtD. N`>[dfuh[Nd> g`{uj;dfspe;j Af;jdhj G+\zfsd;DnfhLttdhF/43/< g;ufhu khjdhb]p nfhsy;gl;ltdhj Mfh\uh[D=dpth]d Nfh];fu G+\zfsd;D nfhLttdhjD.VNdD nfhl;lde;jNu> ]jghuTs;s fphPltd;D. m\;Nl]f;ahfghuthj fbfhQ;rpad;D /44/ gh`{Ghpfsd;D>jpt;athj E}Gufsd;D> jjh;\ ghuTs;s ghJffsd;Dnfhl;lD. Mfh\uh[D mnksy;athj ]g;jgjffsd;D- 134 -
nfhl;lD?45/ Kj;jpd khNyad;D G[G+\Af;kfsd;D>mk;] gh;ae;juthfp yk;ghakhdthfp nksj;jpffspe;jAf;jthj fh;zG+\zfsd;D /46/ Mfh\uh[Dj;thj;hpk;\j; ghujpe;j Af;jthj mnksy;athj uj;dkhzpf;at[;uitLh;afspe;j eph;kpjthj fq;fzfsd;D /47/ehfG+\zAf;ktd;D gh`{uhjpf G+\zfsd;Dj\]k;f;ahfthj mq;Fypafsd;D/48/ E}uh`d;ndhe;JghuTs;s g`{uj;djpe;j Af;jthj> ]{th;zkathjcj;jkthj t[;ujpe;j Af;jthj fb]{j;utd;D/49/ghJffsd;DMfh\uh[D=dpth]dNfh];funfhLttdhjD. ]kh;jthj =dpth]dpNf \\;bghujpe;jAf;jthj Ngh[dghj;Nuad;D nfhLttdhjD /350/yFghj;Nuad;D Af;jthj cjfj g;U`];ghj;hpad;D `hFuh[\;Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D rJr;r\;bghuTs;s]{th;zkathj fNrhsfsd;D nfhl;lD /51/< g;ufhuthfp G+\zfspe;j G+\pjthj mq;fTs;stdhj=dpth]dpNf fd;ahjhdtd;D khbnfhLttdhjD.Mfhyjy;yp FUthj g;U`];gj;ahrh;aD fd;ahg;uttd;Dcr;rhp]{ttdhjD/52/ g;U`];gjpA khjhLj;jhNd:-“mj;hpNfhj;j;hpNfhj;ujy;yp jy;yp cj;gd;dshj ]{tPuuh[dg;unghsj;hpahj ]{jh;kuh[d ngsj;hpahjMfh\uh[d Gj;hpahj/53/ fkyf;Nf ]hpahjNej;ufSs;sts;stshj fd;dpahj gj;khtjpad;DN`> =dpth]Nd mq;fPfhp]{tttdhF.”N`> [dfuh[Nd> < g;ufhu g;uttd;D cr;rhukhb>kj;ajy;yp uj;dkathj me;jg;gltd;D jhp]pjD./54/t]p\;lD khjdhLj;jhNd:-:aahjpuhaahjpuh[d g;ungsj;udhj mkpjthj Nj[];]{s;s]{uN]duh[dpNf ngsj;udhj> t]{Njtd/55/Gj;udhj th]p\;lNfhj;;lNfhj;ujy;yp jy;yp cj;gd;ddhjNtq;fNl\dpNf> mj;hpFy cj;gd;dshj j fdfjpe;jG+\pjshj gj;khtjp ehkf fd;dpfpad;D/56/”- 135 -
N`> e;Ug];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[Nd> ehDf;u`zkhLj;NjNt. fd;ahtufs (113) g;utufS < g;ufhucr;rhukhLj;jpuY/57/ fd;ahjhdjy;yp guhazdhjuh[];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D juzPNjtpape;j $bg;u`;U\;lthj kd];]{s;stdhfp guhj;gudhj=dpth]dd;D FwpJ khjdhbjD/58/ Mfh\uh[DkhjdhLj;jhNd> N`> GU\];Nu\;ldhj =dpth]Nd> M fhyjy;ypMfh\uh[D juzPNjtpape;j `hfy;gl;l ke;j;ujpe;j G+jthj];thkpG\;fhpzp cjftd;D =dpth]d j~pz fujy;ypgpl;L mde;jujy;yp fdfjpe;j ]`pjshj gj;khtjpad;Dnfhl;lD. /59-360/mde;jujy;yp GNuh`pjdpe;j ]`pjdhj uh[Dtpjhdtd;D khbjD. [fd;dhjdhj =dpth]dd;D fe;jt];j;u mDNygdfspe;j G+[p]p/61/ =dpth]dfufkyjy;yp fq;fztd;D ge;jkhbjD. FUthjg;U`];aj;ahrhh;aD gj;khtjpa `];jjy;yp fq;fztd;Dge;jdkhbjD./62/ `hNf M fhyjyyp GNuh`pjDitth`pf ]k;ge;jpfthj khq;fy;a ]{j;uge;jdtd;D=dpth]ddpe;j khb]pjD/63/]{th]pdp ];jphPaUkhjdhLj;jhNu> N`> gj;khtjpNa> ]htpj;hpahF.fy;ghzfushF> g`{Gj;ut`pjshF. ]h;tNyhff;Nfjhapahj kq;fy jhafshF/64/ < g;ufhukq;fsfuthj ];jphPaU ]{gfuthj M]Ph;thjfsd;dghadkhLj;jpuY> g;uh`;kzu fu];gh;\td;Dkhbk`hj;kdhj uh[d fu];h\td;D khb]p/65/N`>gj;khtjpNa> [f[;[Ptdf;Nf N`JG+jthj gJFttshnfe;J < ke;j;ujpe;j =dpth]D M gj;khtjpafz;ljy;yp ge;jdtd;D khLttdhjD/66/GNuh`pjdhj t]p\;lD tpj;thk;]uhj Kdpfspe;jgj;khtjpa mQ;[ypape;j mh;gpjthj yh[fspe;jN`hktd;D khb]{ttuhjU./67/a[{];-]hkhf;ukjpe;jajhtpjpG+h;tfthfp mf;dpay;yp N`hktd;Dkhb]{ttuhjD. t]p\;lD ]k];jthj tpth`tpjpad;D ]khgdkhLttdhjD. 68/ mde;jujy;yp uh[d- 136 -
GNuh`pjD ];t];jp thrd G+h;tfthfp Kdpfs `];jjy;ypE}jdthj uj;dh~jhfsd;D nfhLttdhjD./69/Ntjjy;yp F\yuhj U~p];Nu\;lU Ntjke;jufspe;j=dpth]d k];jfjy;yp uj;dh~jfsd;D `hFttuhjU/M fhyjy;yp Mfh\uh[d (114) gl;lzjy;yp th]khbUt[dhpNf kN`hj;]tthapJ. /370/ Mfhyjy;yp Mfh\uh[Dg;uh`;kzpNf j~pzhtd;D jhk;g+yG+h;tfthfpg;uh`;kzhfspe;j nfhb]{ttdhjD. /71/ Nfhb]`];j;u]q;f;ah Nfhfsd;D mAj]q;f;ahfthj m];tfsd;Dt];j;ufs ]^`td;D g;uh`;kzhpNf ]e;J\;lthfpMfh\uh[D nfhLttdhjD. /72/ j\kp jpt]jy;yp u]. g~;aje;j ]`pjthjg`{tpjthj md;dtd;D ]h;fuhjpe;j Af;jthj `Pujpe;j]`pjthj f;Ujjpe;j Af;jthj> gukhd;dtd;D /74/gj;khtjpape;j ]Nkjthj Gj;ungsj;uhjpfspe;j>GNuh`pjdpe;j ]`pjdhj =dpth]D Ngh[dtd;DkhLte;jtdhjD. /75/ jh;kp\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D=dpth]d ]kPgjy;yp Ngh[dtd;D khLttdhjD.`hNf juzPNjtpA y~;kPNjtpape;j gFyhtjpape;j Af;jshfp=dpth]d ]kPgjy;yp Gj;uhjpfspe;j Af;jshfp u]jpe;jAf;jthj md;dtd;D Ngh[d khbjS. mde;jujy;ypg;uhjf;fhythFj;jpuY ]{th]pdp ];jphPaU Njt];Nu\;ldhj=dpth]dpNf /76/-77/ mj;ae;j eph;kyj;tj ]{fe;jijyfspe;j j;ah[;atd;D khb]{ttuhjU. gu];guthfpG+N[ad;D Mypq;fdtd;D khLttuhjU /78/Mfh\uh[D g;uh`;kz ];Nu\;lhpNf NjtjpfspNf>Njtjh];jpaufspNf> GU\ufspNf> g`{khd Gu];]uthfp>`;U\;ldhfp> aNj\;lthfp Ngh[dtd;D khb]pjD 79-380/ ehdhtpjthj mG+gfsd;D ]{g]hf\hjpfsd;Dkhb]{ttdhfpj;jD. M Ngh[dfhyjy;yp j;Uj fhtypA`Puj fhtypA jjpa fhtypA `hpAte;jhj;jhjT/81/Ngh[dkhbj [dufs G\;fythj md;djpe;j Af;jthjcr;rp\;lghj;ufs ]^`td;D N`huNf ry;yp]{ttdhjD/82/ mde;jujy;yp cr;rp\;lghj;uT ];thdfs ]^`jpe;juh~]u ]^`jpe;j Afj;thFte;jhj;jhapJ.- 137 -
g;ufhu ehy;F jpt] gh;ae;juthfp Nfhyh`ytd;DkhbjD/83/ epj;ajy;yp tpNehjjpe;j `h];aT k[;[dT>ebAte;jhj;jhapJ. IjNd jpt] g;uhg;jthFj;jpuY> N`>[dfuh[Nd> ehfty;ypad;D khb/84/ jPg[;thyjpe;jtpuh[khdthj ehy;F fy\fsd;D j;ahgp]p kq;fyfuthj>uj;dkathj. ]pk;`h]djy;yp tJtufsd;D $b]p/85/jh;kp\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D Ngh\u`pjdhj [hkhj;Udhj>=dpth]dd;D G+[p]{ttdhjD. mde;jujy;yp~Pughj;utd;D fujy;yp jhp]pjtdhfp/86/ (115)=dpth]d jhapahj gFyhtjpad;:D tpjhdG+h;tfthfp>t];j;uhyq;fhuf &gfspe;j G+[p]p/87 ~Pujpe;j gFyhtjpaehgpad;D Nyfdkhb> g;uh`;kz g;hpadhj>uh[];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[D Jf;fjpe;j gj;khtjpad;Dmh;g;gp]{ttdhjD/88/mNj g;ufhuthfp k`hy~;kpa ehgp^ytd;D~Pujpe;j N]rdkhb> NuhjdkhLj;jNy> fe;jffz;lTs;stdhfp> Gj;hpahj gj;khtjpad;Dmh;gp]{ttdhjS/89/ k`hghf;a\hypahj uh[ghh;NashjjuzPNjtpA Fujpg~pae;Nj/390/ NuhjdkhLttdhfpN]\hryjy;yp th]khbUt =dpth]d `];jjy;ypGj;hpahj gj;khtjpa `];jtd;D nfhl;L mj;ae;jJf;fp\;lshfp> =dpth]d ehgp^yjy;yp ~Putd;DN]rdkhb/91/ [Pte;Uje;jp vk;Ngh ke;jujpe;j Jf;fjpe;j]k;`pf;jthj NyhrdfSs;stdhfp> g`{f\;ljpe;jGj;hpahj gj;khtjpad;D mh;gp]{ttshjS/92/uh[ty;yNgahj juzPNjtpA =dpth]dd;D FwpJkhjdhLttshjS. juzPNjtpA khjdhLj;jhNs> ed;dpe;jetkh] gh;ae;juthfp jhp]y;gl;ltshj ghypjshjyhypjshj/93/ ed;d Gj;hpad;D N`> [fd;dhjdhj=dpth]Nd> epd;d ];thjPdtd;D khLj;Njnde;Jkhjdhb> =dpth]d fuhk;G[jy;yp mh;gp]{ttshjS/94/jd;d gj;dpa Jf;ftd;D fz;L> Mfh\uh[DJf;fguhazdhfp jPdthj KfTs;stdhfp> Gj;hpahjgj;khtjpad;D Mypq;fdkhbnfhz;L> NuhjdkhLttdhjD /95/ Mfh\uh[D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`>gj;khtjpNa> epd;d tpNahfjpe;j mj;ae;jke;jghf;adhFj;NjNd. N`> kq;fufuNs> ed;d [PtdTg`{fhythpF ];pauthFtjpy;y. 96/ N`> uh[Gj;hpahj- 138 -
gj;khtjpNa> ePD N`hjNkNy epd;d f;hPlh f;U`jy;yp`hq;F Ngh[d f;U`jy;yp epd;d mD[dhjtp\;tf;N]dD Ngh[dtd;D `hq;F f;hpNlad;d `hq;NfkhLttdhjD/97/ < g;ufhu Nuhjd khLj;jpUt jPdthjkd];]{s;stdhj Mfh\uh[dd;D fz;L>njhz;lkhduh[D Jf;fp\;ldhfp> thf;atd;DkhjdhLttdhjD /98/ njhz;lkhduh[DkhjdhLj;jhNd> N`> gj;khtjpNa> ePD N`hjNkNy ehTjhpj;uU. eph;ghf;aU> f;UgzU> jPdthj kd];]{s;stuhfp>kuztd;d iaJttuhFj;NjNt. < tp\ajy;yp]k;\atpy;y /99/ epd;d tpNahfjpe;jmj;ae;jJf;fp\;luhj ehT fypAfjy;yp vjhhj;j\yhjfy;ahzfuzhj Gj;hpad;D iaJtjpy;nye;j tp];takhLttuhfpj;NjNt/300/< g;ufhu NuhdkhLj;jpUtud;D fz;L. t]{jhdD(116) mj;ae;j Jf;fp\;dhfp> jPdKfTs;stshj> gfpdpahj>gj;khtjpad;D Mypq;fdkhbnfhz;L> NuhjdkhLttdhfp>khjdhbjD. /1/ ]{jhdD khjdhLj;jhNd> N`.>gj;khtjpNa> Nyhfjy;yp Nyhgpahj jdhh;[fD jhapad;D`hq;F ghyfdd;D j;ahfkhb> `;ahq;Nf fkdkhLj;jhNdh>mjue;Nj ed;dd;D j;ahfkhb. vy;NyfkdkhLttshFj;jp/2/ N`> [dfuh[Nd> < g;ufhuthfpg;u]q;fT Mfh\uh[d f;U`jy;yp NjtjpfspNfMFte;jhj;jhapJ. f\;aghjp U~pfspNf mj;ae;jjhUzthj Jf;fT MFte;jhj;jhapJ/3/ ][;[dhpNffjpg;ujdhj Ntjg;ujpghj;adhj =dpth]D < g;ufhuNuhjd khLj;jpUt Mfh\uh[dd;D fz;L> mh;[{ddgj;dpahj> jdNf gfpdpahj ]{gj;Nuad;D ];kuzkhb>Nuhjd khLttdhjD. M fh;kT mj;GjthfpNjhUte;j;jhj;jhapJ.< g;ufhu nysfPf fh;kfsd;D khbjtdhfpIuhtjtd;D VUttdhjD/4-5/ gj;khtjpape;j Af;jdhfp>]h;tthj;afspe;j ]`pjdhfp ukh]`pjdhj =dpth]Df;uhk g;uj~pNzad;d khb g;u`;k Uj;uhjpfspe;j Af;jdhfp>];tfPa f;U`td;D iajpjD. mde;jujy;yp =dpth]D];t];jhdtd;D FwpJ fkdkhLtjf;Nf ,r;rp]{ttdhjD./6-7/ md;Nahd;a Mypq;fdtd;D khb> =dpth]DfUlh&ldhfp. cj;jk gj;dpahj gj;khtjpad;D- 139 -
fUldNkNy MNuh`zkhb]p>/8/ ];t];jhdtd;D FwpJN`hFtjf;Nf cj;Af;jdhj fUlh&ldhj =dpth]D];t];U\;t [dufspNf N`Stjf;Nf/9/ Gd`uh[f;U`td;D g;uNt\khb> fkdjy;yp ,r;rhTs;stdhfp>];t];U];t]{uhpNf ]h\;lhq;f ek];fhu khbjD/410/];t]{tudhj Mfh\uh[D gj;dpape;j ]`pjdhfp>Njh\u`pjdhj =dpth]dd;D FwpJ M]Ph;tjttd;DkhbjD.11/ Mfh\uh[D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`>=dpth]Nd> jPh;fhA\;As;stdhF. ]h;tNyhfJue;judhnfe;J < g;ufhu M]Ph;thjtd;D khbjD.mde;jujy;yp juzpNjtpA M]Ph;thjtd;D khb>khjdhbjS./ 12/ juzPNjtpA khjdhLj;jhNs> N`.=dpth]Nd> xe;J kh]hde;jujy;yp E}jd tpth`pjgj;dp]`pjdhfp fkdkhLttdhF. N`> k`hkjpahj=dpth]Nd. epd;d ];t]{udhj Mfh\uh[dthf;atdDd kd;dp]{ttdhF/13/ < g;ufhu juzPNjtpathf;atd;d ];utzkhb =dpth]D Mfh\uh[dd;DFwpJ khjhLttdhjD. =dpth]D khjdhLj;jhNd>N` Mfh\uh[Nd> ed;d thf;atd;D ];utzkhL edNfj;tuhAf;jfhh;atNj./14/N`> uh[Nd>> ed;dNkNy epd;df;UNgapj;jg~jy;yp edNf Mf;NQad;d nfhLttdhF.=dpth]D < g;ufhu khjdhb> fUlh&ldhfp/15/]h;tNjtjpfspe;j Af;jdhj G+[;adhj gukhj;kD];t];jhdtd;D FwpJ n`huLttdhjD. =dpth]Dn`huLj;jpuY efu];juhj ]h;t[dU M$yuhfpt;ah$yuhfp Mfhyjy;yp g;uafhuNfhUtuhfp fUlh&luhj=dpth]dd;D NehLttuhfp > < g;ufhu khjdhLttuhjU.efu];j [dU khjdhLj;jhNu> fkyf;Nf ]khdthjNej;ufSs;stshj uh[Fyjy;yp cj;gd;dshj gj;ktjpAjd;aS. /16-17/ =dpth]dd;D mD]hp]p> N`hFj;jhNs>NehLttuhfnue;J ]k;gh\Nzad;d gl;lz];j ];jphPaUgu];gu khLj;jpuY> =dpth]D N`hFtfhyjy;ypk`huh[dhj Mfh\uh[D =dpth]dpNfghpNjh\ftd;D nfhl;lD. VNdD nfhl;lnde;jNu>\hhpape;j khly;gl;l jz;Lyfs ,d;DuNfhzpfsd;Dt;U\gfsNkNy N`hp]pnfhLttdhjD/18-19/ Kj;JfsKd;D}uNfhzpad;d t;U\gjfsNkNy N`hp]pnfhl;lD.];Nu\;lthj Flghutd;D jpe;jphpzad;D/20/]`];j;u- 140 -
]q;f;ahfthj gNaflfsd;D ]j]q;f;ahfthjjjpghz;lfsd;D IE}W ]q;f;ahfthj j;UjG+hpjthjrh;kghj;ufsd;d ]hgfsd;D/21/ nke;j;ah> `pq;F> ytzijyghj;ufsd;D `hNf ]h;fuhjpe;j Af;jthjjPg;\jflfsd;D nfhl;lD/22/ ch;thUt> r;Ujf>uh[uq;fhgyfsd;D $\;khz;l> fe;j^ygyfsd;D khPprpMkyfsd;D/23/jpt;\j kJghz;lfsd;D> uk;ghghj;ufsd;D> fh\;lfsd;D/24/ j\]k;f;ahfthjm];tfsd;D ]`];j;u]k;f;ahfthj f[fsd;DgQ;r]`];j;u ]q;f;ahfthj NjDfsd;D> ]j]k;f;ahfthjMtpfsd;D/25/ jptp\jh]p [dud;D ,d;D}Wjhu[dud;D ehehtpjthj t];j;ufsd;D uj;djpe;jG+\pjthj gh;`jpe;j Af;jthj gh;aftd;D ,Nt nkhjyhjt];Jfsd;D njnfJnfhz;L> e;Ug\;Nu\;ldhj/26-27/[fjPrdhj =dpth]D g;uhg;dhj ];t]{udhjMfh\uh[dd;D fz;L> vj;Jepe;J> khjdhbjD>=dpth]D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`> k`huh[Nd.J}uthj khh;fgh;ae;ju (118) ePD VD fhuz gh`{ttdhjp./29/ N`> e;Ug];Nu\;ldhj Mfh\uh[Nd> Gj;u ]khddhjedNf VD nfhljf;fj;jNj . G+h;tjy;yp fd;dpfpad;Dnfhl;L ]{ftd;D n`he;Jtthfpj;jp. epd;dpe;j VD Gz;akhly;gl;bNjh> M Gz;ajpe;j /30/ N` jhjNd> edfhjUm]j;j]thj ]e;Njh\thapJ. < tp\ajy;yp VD]k;\atpy;y. N`> uh[Nd. epd;d kd];]pdy;yp VdNj>mjd;D ed;dKe;Nj N`Ste;jtdhF. /31/ N`>Mfh\uh[Nd> jhdhjhdjfh;kjy;yp ]e;Nj`td;DkhlNgl. =dpth]d < trdtd;d ];utzkhbMfh\uh[D =dpth]dd;D FwpJ khjdhLttdhjD/32/ uh[D khjdhLj;jhNd> N`. Nf\tNd> epd;dmDf;u`jpe;j ek;kfspNf ]h;tT ]k;G+h;ztNj. N`>[fd;dhjNd> epd;d ghjfkyjy;yp md;a t];Jtd;dNgLtjpy;y/33/ N`> =dpth]Nd> FLk;g ]`pjdhjedNf epd;d ghjfkyjy;yp mrythj gf;jpad;dnfhLttdhF. k`hj;kdhj ];t]{udhj Mfh\uh[dtrdtd;d ];utzkhb/34/ Mfhyjy;yp =dpth]DMfh\uh[dpNf ]hA[;agjtpad;D `hF \hyfdpNfjd;d ikNkypd t];j;utd;D nfhLttdhjD. /35/[hkhj;Udpe;j Mf;Qhg;jdhj Mfh\uh[D Gj;hpa- 141 -
f;U`td;D FwpJ gh`{ttdhjD. N`> `hpg;hpashjGj;hpNa> ehD efutd;D FwpJ fkdkhLj;NjNd. ePD=dpth]d ]q;fl tp`hukhLttshF. /36/ =dpth]D]adkhbjNkNy ePd ]adtd;d khLttshF.< g;ufhu Mfh\uh[D fkyje;Nj Nej;uTs;stshjGj;hpahj gj;khtjpad;D ]khjhdkhbjD/37/[fd;dhjdhj Mfh\uh[dpe;j ]h]pjshj gj;khtjpA]Pf;uthfp =dpth]d gspNf gh`{ttshjS. fe;jjfz;ljpe;j NuhjdkhLj;j Mfh\uh[d;D efutd;D FwpJN`hjD./38/ gj;khtjpape;j Af;jdhj> g;u`;k Uj;uhjpfspe;jAf;jdhj f;hPlhjp Fztp\p];ldhj =dpth]D]{th;zKfhp ejpad;D iajp my;yp th]td;dkhLttdhjD.39/ N`> [dfuh[Nd> =dpth]D\z;kh]htjp gh;juthfp jP~pjdhfp> gh;tj];Nu\;ltd;dMnuh`z khLtjpy;nye;J tp];uakhb/40/mf];j;ah];uktd;d FwpJ N`hfp> my;yp th]td;DkhLttdhjD.=dpth]D NtjpfspNf jk;kjk;k f;U`fsd;D FwpJN`hFtjf;Nf mg;gzp nfhl;lD/41/ g;u`;kNd nkhjyhjNjtjpfspNf Ch;j;tNuj];fuhj U~pfspNf gf;jtj;]ydhj=dpth]D Nahf;ajhD]huthfp t];j;utd;dnfhLttdhjD/42/ [fj;gjpahj =dpth]dpe;jMf;Qhg;juhj Njtjpfs ];tfPathj Nyhftd;D FwpJ(119)fkdkhLttuhjJ. =dpth]d Mf;NQape;jU~pfS tdf;Nf N`hjU. /43/ N`> [dfuh[Nd>y~;kPNjtpA =dpth]d Mf;Qhtd;D njnfJnfhz;LMfhyjy;yp futPuGutd;D FwpJ N`hFttshjS.k`h;\p];Nu\;lhpe;j ]`pjuhj g;u`;k Uj;u nkhjyhjNjtjpfS M kN`hj;ttd;D mDgtp]puhN[e;j;uG+[;adhj Mfh\uh[dd;D Mjujpe;j];Njhj;ukhLttuhfp> ];tjh gtdtd;D FwpJfkdkhLttuhjU/44/ Njtjh]KjhaT N`hjNkNymf];j;ah];uktd;D FwpJ =dpth]D fkdkhbjD/45/G+[;adhj =dpth]D kD\;a ]k;ge;jpfthj m]f;j]thjNghftd;D Nghfp]{tttdhfp mf];ah];ukjy;yp,UttdhjD.]jhde;jD khjdhLj;jhNd> N`> [dfuh[Nd>=dpth]d tpth`hj;aha k`hj;katd;D ahU- 142 -
];utzkhLj;jhNuh /46/ N`> uh[Nd> mtughf;Nahjatd;D ]tp];juthfp N`Sj;NjNd. ];utzkhL.Nfhb ]k;f;ahf fd;ahjhd khNlhzjhpe;j `hF]Kj;ugyahf;fpj G+j;tpjhd khbj;juhpe;j ahtgytd;DkD\;aD iaJj;jhNdh> M gytd;D tpth`hj;ahak`hk;j;atd;D Mjujpe;j ];utz khbj;jhpe;jiaJte;jtdhFj;jhNd./47/ aht[dU =dpth]dtpth`]k;ge;jpf cj;]ttd;D khLj;jhNu> N`>[dfuh[Nd> Ntq;fNl\d mDf;u`jpe;j M [dhpNfcj;]ttT MFj;jNj. N`> [dfuh[Nd> < g;ufhu=dpth]d tpth` rhpj;uT epdNf ed;dpe;j N`sy;gl;bJ./48-49/ ];utzkhLtthpNf ]{fguthje;jhJ ]h;thpFkq;fyg;uthje;jhJ.> ];utzkhLttD ];utzkhb]{ttD]h;thgP\;ltd;D iaJte;jtdhFj;jhNd/450//,jp =+gtp\;Nahj;uGuhNz> = Ntq;fNl\ k`hj;k;Na=dpth] tpth` g;u]k;]d;dhk j;thjN\hj;aha:/12/hj;aha:/12//= f;U\;zhh;g;gek];J/(< =Ntq;fNlr tpth` k`hj;k;Na . tpf;Ujp ehk]k;tj;]u> N[];l kh]> f;U\;z g~> j;tpjpa jpjp>kq;fsthu Kb]y;gl;bJ.—28-6--2010)-Xk; eNkh ehuhazha:(rp.Mh;.ntq;fluht;)- 143 -
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