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Šolsko polje, letnik XXI, številka 5– 6discourse, which takes what are in fact constructed differences for grantedwithout investigating their historical background or socio-political contextof their emergence, functions as a discourse of “normativity and power”(Wendy Brown, 2006).Key words: multiculturalism, immigrants, tolerance discourse, culturalracism, power, culture, depoliticisationZdenko KodeljaNičelna tolerancaToleranca oz. strpnost je bila razglašena za eno najpomembnejših kulturnih,političnih in moralnih vrednot, na katerih je utemeljena evropska dimenzijavzgoje in izobraževanja. Če poleg tega upoštevamo še zelo široko soglasjeo tem, da morata vzgoja in izobraževanje podpirati strpnost, potem sezdi, da je toleranca v vzgoji in izobraževanju očitna in nedvomna vrednota.Toda po drugi strani obstaja prav tako široko soglasje, da je nasilje v šoliv moralnem smislu tako veliko zlo, da ne sme biti tolerirano. Zato ni niti netolerantnostvedno nekaj slabega niti ni toleranca vedno nekaj dobrega. Netolerantnost,ki jo kaže učitelj v odnosu do nasilnega ravnanja učencev v šoli,je mogoče razumeti kot vrlino in kot njegovo moralno obvezo ter zakonskodolžnost. Po drugi strani pa se ekstremna strpnost do takšnega zla, kot je nasilje,spremeni v pregreho, ko na primer učitelj dopusti, da postane nedolženučenec žrtev fizičnega ali verbalnega nasilja sošolcev. Zdi se torej, da je politika»ničelne tolerance« pravilna, čeprav so bile posledice njene uporabe vZDA mnogokrat problematične, neučinkovite in krivične.Ključne besede: ničelna toleranca, vzgoja, nasilje, šolaZero toleranceTolerance has been declared one of the most important political, culturaland ethical values on which the European dimension of education is based.If we also consider the very general agreement that education must promotetolerance, then it seems that tolerance in education is an obvious and unquestionablevalue. Yet, there is also a wide consensus that violence in schoolis something so morally wrong that it must not be tolerated. Therefore, neitheris all intolerance something bad not is all tolerance something good.The intolerance shown by a teacher towards students’ violent behaviour inschool could be understood as a virtue and as his moral obligation and legalduty. On the other hand, extreme toleration towards such evil like violencebecomes a vice, for example, when a teacher makes it possible for an innocentstudent to become a victim of other students’ physical or verbal violence. It210
Povzetki/Abstractsseems, therefore, that the idea of “zero tolerance” policies is a right one, althoughthe results of its application in practice in the USA have been manytimes problematic, inefficient and unjust.Key words: Zero tolerance, education, violence, schoolMarie-Hélène Estéoule-ExelPoetika Odnosa: nauki Éduarda Glissanta, pesnika, odKaribov do Vse-SvetaÉduard Glissant, pesnik, romanopisec in esejist iz Guadeloupa (FrancoskiAntili) se je zavezal preučevanju posebnosti karibske identitete, to jeidentitete brez korenin, oblikovane po modelu »suženjske ladje«, natovorjenes črnskimi sužnji, pripeljanimi z vseh koncev Afrike. Ti ljudje niso imelinobene skupne kulture, ker tudi niso imeli nikakršnega skupnega utemeljitvenegamita. Njihova rizomska identiteta se je pozneje oblikovala v ograjenemkraju, ki je hkrati kraj neštetih možnosti; takšen kraj je plantaža. Pojav,ki se imenuje kreolizacija, ni posledica križanja, marveč posledica povsemnepredvidljivega mešanja. Glede na to Éduard Glissant skozi prizmo branjaDeleuza in Guattarija predlaga pojem Poetika Odnosa, s čimer misli na drugačnorazmerje do Drugega, razmerje, ki nikakor ni odvisno od odnosa medvladajočim in vladanim. Znotraj tega odnosa bi se utegnila skrivati tudi pojmovnadvojica strpnost – nestrpnost.Ključne besede: suženjstvo, Karibi, identitete, Drugost, poezija, strpnost.Lessons of Éduard Glissant, Poet, from the Caribbean toTout-MondeÉduard Glissant, poet, novelist and essayist from Guadeloupe, (French Antilles)devoted himself to studying the Carribean identity which carries theinscriptions of rootlessness and displacement and is haunted by the ghostlyimages of “negro boat”, a slave ship that brought captured Africans to the Carribeanshores from different parts of Africa. As these people had no commonculture, they had no common founding myth either. Their rhizome identitydeveloped later in an enclosed place, which happens to be a place of a largenumber of possibilities. Such a place is a plantation. The phenomenon knownas creolisation is not a consequence of crossbreeding but unplanned mixing.Within this context and by drawing on the works of Deleuze and GuattariÉduard Glissant introduces the notion of Poetics of Relation, which establishesa different relation to the other. This is a relation that no longer builds or forthat matter depends on the hierachical relationship between the ruler and theruled but rests upon a new concept of tolerance and intolerance.Key words: slavery, the Caribbean, identity, Otherness, poetry, tolerance.211
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