rozvojová pomoc a spolupráca - Fakulta medzinárodných vzťahov
rozvojová pomoc a spolupráca - Fakulta medzinárodných vzťahov rozvojová pomoc a spolupráca - Fakulta medzinárodných vzťahov
Table 6Level of extreme poverty in the selected regions and yearsProportion of population livingRegionson less than 1 USD a day (percent)1990 1999 2001Developing regions a) 33.0 22.9 22.5Transition countries of South-Eastern Europe 0.4 1.7 2.1Commonwealth of Independent States 0.5 10.3 5.0Northern Africa 2.6 2.0 1.9Sub-Saharan Africa 46.9 42.7 46.4Latin America and Caribbean 10.9 10.6 10.0Eastern Asia 33.0 17.8 16.6Southern Asia 39.7 30.5 30.4South-Eastern Asia 18.4 10.8 10.2Western Asia 1.6 4.2 3.7Note: a) High-income economies as defined by the World Bank are excluded. Oceania isexcluded due to the limited data available. Countries and other entities are classified by theWorld Bank as low-income if their gross national income per capita in 2001 was 745 USD orless, measured by the World Bank Atlas method; the cut-off for middle-income countries is9,205 USD.Source: UNSD (2005), primary source is World Bank, PovcalNet. The World Bank’sestimates use unit record household data whenever possible while PovcalNet uses groupeddistribution (deciles or quintiles). As a result of this difference, there are some discrepanciesbetween online replications and the Bank’s estimates, such as in the World DevelopmentIndicators 2004 (Washington D.C.).Although the progress in reducing poverty has been unquestionable, theglobal picture masks large regional differences. Global trends in povertyreduction have been dominated by rapid growth in China. Poverty also fell inSouth Asia over the past 20 years, and while the decline was not as rapid,almost 45 million fewer people were living in extreme poverty by 2001. But inSub-Saharan Africa, poverty rose from 41 % in 1981 to 46 % in 2001, and anadditional 150 million people were living in extreme poverty (see Table 7).Other regions have seen little or no change. In the early 1990s the transitioneconomies of Europe and Central Asia experienced a sharp drop in income.Poverty rates rose to 6 % at the end of the decade before beginning to recede. 4040 Ibid.32
Table 7Countries with more than 50 % of the population living on less than 1 USD/day(2001)CountryPercentage of population below1 USD PPP per dayUganda 84.3Nigeria 69.9Sierra Leone 65.7Niger 64.7Central African Republic 64.4Mali 64.3Zambia 63.3Madagascar 61.0Zimbabwe 58.3Burundi 57.0Nicaragua 50.5United Republic of Tanzania 50.5Note: Based on data available for 72 countries in the developing regions.Source: UNSD (2005), primary source is World Bank, PovcalNet.It was already mentioned that poverty is much more than income alone.For the poor, the good life or well-being is multidimensional with both, materialand psychological dimensions. Well-being is food, peace of mind, good health,belonging to a community, safety, freedom of choice and action, a dependablelivelihood and a steady source of income. The poor describes ill-being as lack ofmaterial things, food especially, but also lack of work, money, shelter andclothing, and living and working in often unhealthy, polluted and riskyenvironments. They also defined ill-being as bad experiences and bad feelingsabout themselves. Perception of powerlessness over one's life and ofvoicelessness was common, so was anxiety and fear for the future.Finally, let us read and especially feel short excerpts from the studyVoices of Poor. The poor speak about their lives, what it means to be poor. Theexcerpts are organized around the major (selected) conclusions of the study 41 :41 WORLD BANK: Listen to the Voices. [online]. Washington: The World Bank Group, nodate. [cit 2007-01-31]. Available fromhttp://www1.worldbank.org/prem/poverty/voices/listen-findings.htm; for details see WORLDBANK. Poverty Trends and Voices of the Poor. Fourth edition. Human Development/Development Economics. Washington: The World Bank Group, May 2001.33
- Page 1 and 2: EKONOMICKÁ UNIVERZITA V BRATISLAVE
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- Page 58 and 59: stúpajúcou tendenciou - požiadav
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- Page 76 and 77: USD ako pomoc štátom zasiahnutým
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Table 7Countries with more than 50 % of the population living on less than 1 USD/day(2001)CountryPercentage of population below1 USD PPP per dayUganda 84.3Nigeria 69.9Sierra Leone 65.7Niger 64.7Central African Republic 64.4Mali 64.3Zambia 63.3Madagascar 61.0Zimbabwe 58.3Burundi 57.0Nicaragua 50.5United Republic of Tanzania 50.5Note: Based on data available for 72 countries in the developing regions.Source: UNSD (2005), primary source is World Bank, PovcalNet.It was already mentioned that poverty is much more than income alone.For the poor, the good life or well-being is multidimensional with both, materialand psychological dimensions. Well-being is food, peace of mind, good health,belonging to a community, safety, freedom of choice and action, a dependablelivelihood and a steady source of income. The poor describes ill-being as lack ofmaterial things, food especially, but also lack of work, money, shelter andclothing, and living and working in often unhealthy, polluted and riskyenvironments. They also defined ill-being as bad experiences and bad feelingsabout themselves. Perception of powerlessness over one's life and ofvoicelessness was common, so was anxiety and fear for the future.Finally, let us read and especially feel short excerpts from the studyVoices of Poor. The poor speak about their lives, what it means to be poor. Theexcerpts are organized around the major (selected) conclusions of the study 41 :41 WORLD BANK: Listen to the Voices. [online]. Washington: The World Bank Group, nodate. [cit 2007-01-31]. Available fromhttp://www1.worldbank.org/prem/poverty/voices/listen-findings.htm; for details see WORLDBANK. Poverty Trends and Voices of the Poor. Fourth edition. Human Development/Development Economics. Washington: The World Bank Group, May 2001.33
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