rozvojová pomoc a spolupráca - Fakulta medzinárodných vzťahov

Table 6Level of extreme poverty in the selected regions and yearsProportion of population livingRegionson less than 1 USD a day (percent)1990 1999 2001Developing regions a) 33.0 22.9 22.5Transition countries of South-Eastern Europe 0.4 1.7 2.1Commonwealth of Independent States 0.5 10.3 5.0Northern Africa 2.6 2.0 1.9Sub-Saharan Africa 46.9 42.7 46.4Latin America and Caribbean 10.9 10.6 10.0Eastern Asia 33.0 17.8 16.6Southern Asia 39.7 30.5 30.4South-Eastern Asia 18.4 10.8 10.2Western Asia 1.6 4.2 3.7Note: a) High-income economies as defined by the World Bank are excluded. Oceania isexcluded due to the limited data available. Countries and other entities are classified by theWorld Bank as low-income if their gross national income per capita in 2001 was 745 USD orless, measured by the World Bank Atlas method; the cut-off for middle-income countries is9,205 USD.Source: UNSD (2005), primary source is World Bank, PovcalNet. The World Bank’sestimates use unit record household data whenever possible while PovcalNet uses groupeddistribution (deciles or quintiles). As a result of this difference, there are some discrepanciesbetween online replications and the Bank’s estimates, such as in the World DevelopmentIndicators 2004 (Washington D.C.).Although the progress in reducing poverty has been unquestionable, theglobal picture masks large regional differences. Global trends in povertyreduction have been dominated by rapid growth in China. Poverty also fell inSouth Asia over the past 20 years, and while the decline was not as rapid,almost 45 million fewer people were living in extreme poverty by 2001. But inSub-Saharan Africa, poverty rose from 41 % in 1981 to 46 % in 2001, and anadditional 150 million people were living in extreme poverty (see Table 7).Other regions have seen little or no change. In the early 1990s the transitioneconomies of Europe and Central Asia experienced a sharp drop in income.Poverty rates rose to 6 % at the end of the decade before beginning to recede. 4040 Ibid.32