Conference proceedings - Zbornik Radova[1].pdf - Univerzitet u ...

1. ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF INDUSTRIALAREASThe industry began to develop in the 18th century in GreatBritain. In the 19th century, industrialization also expanded intoother European countries. With that the image of agrarian landscapesbegan to change. Large industrial complexes replaced forests andfields; demolition of forest and agricultural ecosystems that haveimportant ecosystem functions of natural balance has begun [1].With the development of mass production in the twenty yearsof 20th century, the industrial areas moved from cities to theoutskirts, where they could utilize the large surface area forindustrial facilities. Industrial buildings were in an environment withlarge areas as shown by the following information, prior to 1922,there was required on average 1040 hectares of land area per personfor industrial facilities. Since 1945, average land area per person forindustrial facilities has risen to 4550 hectares of land [1].These large industrial complexes adjust their production needs,so the consumption of natural resources increased at their maximum.The space-consuming treatment has changed the nature; the manyareas has built-up, it started to run out of natural resources and therehas been a change in the ecosystem, affecting the self-cleaningability of the environment, resulting in reduced resilience ofecosystems. For example, the built-up areas prevent infiltration ofrainwater into the subsoil. Water catchment, which feeds thegroundwater from these areas, quickly runs off and these surfacesaffect the reduction of groundwater. Industrial production itself withits operations and amount of waste increases air pollution and soil[2].Industry in Slovenia is mainly on the area with large crescentfrom Maribor, through Celje, region called Zasavje, throughLjubljana and Kranj to Jesenice, where were located a large cementworkstations, glass processing factories, industry of paper and pulp,iron, steel, therefore industries which were considered to be thelargest polluter of the environment [2,3].Slovenian most polluted places are places that represent theoldest industrial centers with a long industrial tradition. Most ofthese sites lie in the basins and valleys, where are unsuitableecological conditions. The situation is improved after 1980, because~ 316 ~