Conference proceedings - Zbornik Radova[1].pdf - Univerzitet u ...

CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF SOILDEGRADATION IN THE REPUBLIC SRPSKAZoran Lukač 1 , Nebojsa Knežević 21 Independent University of Banja Luka, EnvironmentalFaculty,2 Institut for Construction IG Banja LukaAbstract: Soil is natural resource formed as result of pedogeneticprocesses. It is considered one of the most important naturalresources. Republika Srpska has heterogeneous soil layers.Automorphic soils are dominant, although extensive part of theterritory is covered with hydromorphic soils, especially in the north,flat area of RS and valleys of rivers.Primary role of the soil, in agriculture and forestry is theproduction of food and raw materials for people. However, soil ismultifunctional and can be used in other areas of human lives.Loss of soil is caused by fast urbanization, industrializationand application of new techniques and technologies in economicdevelopment, which includes giant steps in development ofagriculture and forestry. Common and major causes of degradationand physical loss of soil include open-cats mining, landfills,construction of buildings, water reservoirs, industrial facilities,erosion slides which result in reducing soil quality and its temporaryor even permanent inability to be used.Soil as limited and hard-to-renew resource needs to beprotected and its use limited to the production of food and rawmaterials for people.Key words: land degradation/ protectionUVODZemljište spada među najznačajnije prirodne resurse. Ono jeograničeni i teško obnovljivi prirodni resurs. Osnovna funkcijazemljišta je proizvodnja hrane i sirovina, u poljoprivredi i šumarstvu.~ 130 ~