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ÏÈÒÀÍÍß ÊÎÌÓͲÊÀÒȲÑÒÈÊÈ ÒÀ ÊÎÃͲÒÈÂÍί ˲ÍòÑÒÈÊÈ<br />
÷åñêèõ âàðèàíòàõ è óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ â êîíòåêñòíî-îáóñëîâëåííîì ëåêñèêî-ñåìàíòè÷åñêîì âàðèàíòå<br />
“âîð÷àòü”.<br />
Èòàê, ãëàãîëû ãîâîðåíèÿ îáúåäèíÿþòñÿ â îäíó ëåêñèêî-ñåìàíòè÷åñêóþ ãðóïïó êàòåãîðèàëüíîé<br />
ñåìîé “óñòíàÿ ðå÷ü”, è ýòà ñåìà èìååò ðåàëüíóþ êîãíèòèâíóþ îñíîâó. Ãëàãîëû ãîâîðåíèÿ<br />
îòðàæàþò ïîçíàííûé ÷åëîâåêîì (è çàêðåïë¸ííûé â ñëîâàõ) ïðîöåññ ðå÷åïðîèçâîäñòâà (âî âñåì<br />
åãî ìíîãîîáðàçèè), è âî âñåõ ÿçûêàõ, èìåþùèõ êàòåãîðèþ ãëàãîëà, èäåíòèôèêàòîðîì ÿâëÿåòñÿ<br />
ãëàãîë ñî çíà÷åíèåì ‘ãîâîðèòü’.  ñâîþ î÷åðåäü, â áîëüøèíñòâå ÿçûêîâ ñàì ýòîò öåíòðàëüíûé<br />
ãëàãîë, êàê ïðàâèëî, ÿâëÿåòñÿ íåîäíîçíà÷íûì, ÷òî ëèøíèé ðàç ñâèäåòåëüñòâóåò, êàê òåðíèñò<br />
ïóòü “ïîçíàíèÿ ñàìîãî ñåáÿ” ÷åëîâåêîì.  ñëó÷àå ñ ðå÷üþ ýòîò ïóòü íà ñàìîì äåëå ñëîæåí, ïîòîìó<br />
÷òî âñå îòòåíêè ðå÷è íåîáõîäèìî îòðàçèòü ìàêñèìàëüíî òî÷íî. Äëÿ ýòîãî è ïîÿâëÿåòñÿ ñèñòåìà<br />
ãëàãîëîâ ãîâîðåíèÿ, êîòîðàÿ óñïåøíî ôóíêöèîíèðóåò â ñâîåé ñòðóêòóðíîé îðãàíèçàöèè.<br />
Îñíîâíîé (áàçîâûé) ãëàãîë ÿâëÿåòñÿ ìíîãîçíà÷íûì è ïðîÿâëÿåòñÿ â êîíòåêñòàõ ðàçëè÷íûìè<br />
îòòåíêàìè ñâîåãî øèðîêîãî çíà÷åíèÿ; ìíîæåñòâî äðóãèõ ãëàãîëîâ ãîâîðåíèÿ ìåíåå ìíîãîçíà÷íû,<br />
à áîëüøèíñòâî — îäíîçíà÷íû, è êàæäûé èç íèõ èìååò óçêîå, óòî÷íÿþùåå, êîíêðåòèçèðóþùåå<br />
çíà÷åíèå.<br />
1. Êóáðÿêîâà Å. Ñ. Îíîìàñèîëîãèÿ // Ëèíãâèñòè÷åñêèé ýíöèêëîïåäè÷åñêèé ñëîâàðü / Ãë. ðåä. Â. Í. ßðöåâà. — Ì.,<br />
1990. — Ñ.345–346.<br />
2. Êóïèíà Í. À. Ôóíêöèîíàëüíî-òåêñòîâûå ãëàãîëüíûå ïîäñèñòåìû è èõ ñïåöèôèêà // Ëåêñèêî-ñåìàíòè÷åñêèå ãðóïïû<br />
ðóññêèõ ãëàãîëîâ / Ïîä ðåä. Ý. Â. Êóçíåöîâîé. — Èðêóòñê, 1989. — Ñ.146–156.<br />
3. Îæåãîâ Ñ. È. Ñëîâàðü ðóññêîãî ÿçûêà. 70000 ñëîâ. 22-å èçä. — Ì., 1990.<br />
4. Êîíîíîâà Ñ. Ï. Ðóññêî-õàíòûéñêèé òåìàòè÷åñêèé ñëîâàðü: Êàçûìñêèé äèàëåêò. — Ñ. Ïá., 2002.<br />
5. Õàêàññêî-ðóññêèé ñëîâàðü = Õàêàñ-îðûñ ñöñòiê / Î. Ï. Àíæèãàíîâà, Í. À. Áàñêàêîâ, Ì. È. Áîðãîÿêîâ è äð. —<br />
Íîâîñèáèðñê, 2006.<br />
6. ×åðòûêîâà Ì. Ä. Ãëàãîëû ãîâîðåíèÿ â õàêàññêîì ÿçûêå (ñèñòåìíî-ñåìàíòè÷åñêèé àñïåêò). — Àáàêàí, 2005.<br />
Ì. Ä. ×åðòèêîâà<br />
ÄÎ ÏÈÒÀÍÍß ÏÐÎ ÊÎÃͲÒÈÂͲ ϲÄÂÀËÈÍÈ ÊËÀÑÈÔ²ÊÀÖ²¯ IJªÑ˲Â<br />
ÃÎÂÎвÍÍß (ÍÀ ÌÀÒÅвÀ˲ ÐÎѲÉÑÜÊί, ÕÀÍÒÈÉÑÜÊί ÒÀ ÕÀÊÀÑÜÊί ÌÎÂ)<br />
Ó ñòàòò³ äîñë³äæóþòüñÿ êîãí³òèâí³ ï³äâàëèíè îñîáëèâîñòåé êëàñèô³êàö³¿ 䳺ñë³â ãîâîð³ííÿ ó òðüîõ<br />
íåñïîð³äíåíèõ ìîâàõ: ðîñ³éñüê³é, õàíòèéñüê³é ³ õàêàñüê³é. Çðîáëåíî ñïðîáó ïîð³âíÿòè ÿäðî òà ïåðèôåð³þ<br />
àíàëîã³÷íèõ 䳺ñë³â äàíî¿ ñåìàíòè÷íî¿ ãðóïè ó öèõ ìîâàõ. Ðîçãëÿíóòî äåÿê³ ðîçá³æíîñò³ ó ôóíêö³îíàëüí³é<br />
åêâ³âàëåíòíîñò³ òà êîíòåêñòóàëüí³é îáóìîâëåíîñò³ ïîð³âíþâàíî¿ ãðóïè 䳺ñë³â.<br />
Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: 䳺ñëîâà ãîâîð³ííÿ, êîãí³òèâíî-ï³çíàâàëüíà ôóíêö³ÿ ìîâè, ðîñ³éñüêà ìîâà, õàíòèéñüêà<br />
ìîâà, õàêàñüêà ìîâà, ôóíêö³îíàëüíà òà ñåìàíòè÷íà åêâ³âàëåíòí³ñòü, êîíòåêñòóàëüíà îáóìîâëåí³ñòü.<br />
M. D. Chertykova<br />
TO THE VERBS OF SPEAKING CLASSIFICATION ON COGNITIVE BASIS (THE<br />
MATERIAL OF THE RUSSIAN, KHANTY AND KHAKAS LANGUAGES)<br />
The article is devoted to the verbs of speaking peculiarities investigation on cognitive basis in three unrelated<br />
languages: Russian, Khanty and Khakas.<br />
The author made an attempt to compare the nucleus and periphery of the given semantic similar verbs in these<br />
languages, to classify them. He examined some differences in their functional equivalence.<br />
Key words: verbs of speaking, cognitive-experienced function of the language, Russian, Khanty, Khakas, functional<br />
and semantic equivalence, contextual conditionality.<br />
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