ÐÐÐÐ - ÐÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑаниÑа - ÐдеÑÑкий ÐаÑÑоналÑний УнÑвеÑÑиÑÐµÑ ...
ÐÐÐÐ - ÐÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑаниÑа - ÐдеÑÑкий ÐаÑÑоналÑний УнÑвеÑÑиÑÐµÑ ...
ÐÐÐÐ - ÐÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑаниÑа - ÐдеÑÑкий ÐаÑÑоналÑний УнÑвеÑÑиÑÐµÑ ...
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Íà ñìåíó äåêàáðÿì<br />
Ïðèõîäÿò ÿíâàðè.<br />
ÏÈÒÀÍÍß ÑËÎÂÎÒÂÎÐÓ ÒÀ ÌÎÐÔÎËÎò¯<br />
(Á. Îêóäæàâà)<br />
Çíà÷åíèå êîëè÷åñòâåííîé íàïðÿæ¸ííîñòè âîçíèêàåò â ðÿäó ñåìàíòè÷åñêè ðàçíîðîäíûõ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûõ,<br />
âûñòðàèâàþùèõñÿ â îäíîðîäíûé ãðàììàòè÷åñêèé ðÿä:<br />
È ñðàçó îãëóøàåò ñêðèï çäîðîâûé<br />
Äâåðåé, øàãîâ, êîëîäöåâ è ñàíåé.<br />
(À. Òâàðäîâñêèé)<br />
Îäíîðîäíûå ÷ëåíû ïðåäëîæåíèÿ àêòóàëèçèðîâàíû çà ñ÷åò êàòåãîðèàëüíîé îäíîðîäíîñòè ïî<br />
÷èñëó è áëàãîäàðÿ ëîêàëèçàöèè â îòäåëüíîì ñòèõå.<br />
Ïëþðàëüíûé ðÿä ñîçäà¸ò ñåìàíòèêó îáùíîñòè, ñìûñëîâîãî åäèíñòâà (à), â ïðîòèâîïîëîæíîñòü<br />
ñèíãóëÿðíîìó ðÿäó, êîòîðûé ÷àùå ïîä÷¸ðêèâàåò îòäåëüíîñòü, ðàçíîðîäíîñòü ïåðå÷èñëÿåìûõ<br />
ïðåäìåòîâ:<br />
à) Åñëè óëèöû, ìîñòû,<br />
Ïåðåóëêè, ëåñòíèöû<br />
Íàâñåãäà â ñåáÿ âìåñòèë —<br />
Âñå âî ìíå ïîìåñòèòñÿ.<br />
(Ã. Øïàëèêîâ)<br />
á) Íèêîãäà ìû íå çàáóäåì ýòî:<br />
Ïåðâûé õëåá è ïåðâàÿ âîäà,<br />
Ïåðâûé ñâåò è ïåðâàÿ ãàçåòà.<br />
(ß. Ñìåëÿêîâ)<br />
È íè ñðîêà, íè ÷àñà<br />
Îò íåùàäíîé ìîøêè<br />
(À. Òâàðäîâñêèé)<br />
Èññëåäîâàòåëÿìè îòìå÷åí ñòèëèñòè÷åñêèé ïîòåíöèàë ñèíòàêñè÷åñêèõ êîíñòðóêöèé ñ ðàçâåðíóòûì<br />
ðÿäîì îäíîðîäíûõ ÷ëåíîâ — ãðàììåì îäíîãî ÷èñëà — â õóäîæåñòâåííîé ïðîçå [2:15],<br />
íî òàì âûðàçèòåëüíîñòüþ, êàê ïðàâèëî, îáëàäàþò ìíîãî÷ëåííûå ðÿäû, òîãäà êàê â ïîýçèè<br />
óæå äâóõ-÷åòûð¸õ÷ëåííûå. Êðîìå òîãî, ìíîãî÷ëåííûå ðÿäû â ëèðè÷åñêîì ñòèõîòâîðåíèè è â<br />
ñòðóêòóðíî-âûäåëåííîì ôðàãìåíòå áîëåå êðóïíîãî ïîýòè÷åñêîãî òåêñòà ñïîñîáíû ñîçäàâàòü<br />
ãðàììàòè÷åñêóþ äîìèíàíòó. Îïèñàíèå íóìåðàòèâíûõ äîìèíàíò â ïîýòè÷åñêîì òåêñòå è òåêñòîâ,<br />
îäíîðîäíûõ ïî ÷èñëó, ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïåðñïåêòèâîé äàííîãî èññëåäîâàíèÿ.<br />
1. Áåñåäèíà Í. À. Ïðèíöèïû è ìåõàíèçìû ìîðôîëîãè÷åñêîé ðåïðåçåíòàöèè â ÿçûêå // Ôèëîëîãè÷åñêèå íàóêè. — Ì.,<br />
2008. — ¹6. — Ñ. 44–52.<br />
2. Ìèðîíîâà Ò. À. Ñòèëèñòè÷åñêèå ôóíêöèè ãðàììàòè÷åñêèõ êàòåãîðèé èìåíè â ðóññêîé õóäîæåñòâåííîé ïðîçå ÕÕ<br />
âåêà: Àâòîðåô. … êàíä. ôèëîë. íàóê. — Ì., 1992. — 22 ñ.<br />
3. Òèõîíîâ À. Í. Ñîâðåìåííûé ðóññêèé ÿçûê (Ìîðôåìèêà. Ñëîâîîáðàçîâàíèå. Ìîðôîëîãèÿ). — Ì. Öèòàäåëü-òðåéä,<br />
2002. — 464 ñ.<br />
Å. À. Skorobogatova<br />
CATEGORY OF NUMBER IN POETIC TEXT: EXPRESSIVENESS OF GRAMMAR CO-<br />
POSITIONING<br />
The semantic capacity of combinations and groups of numeric grammar units is not restricted to the arithmetic<br />
sum of meanings of single units. “Augmentation” of additional meanings and connotations regularly takes place in<br />
poetic text. In the work we have considered the events of contra-positioning and co-positioning of forms and words<br />
of categorical opposition: both actually categorical meanings and the meanings, complicated by the metaphoric<br />
transfer, contra-positioning of abstract against concrete, free against related, definite against indefinite.<br />
Key words: poetic grammar, category of number, category of co-positioning.<br />
187
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