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ÌÎÂÀ ¹ 15<br />
íî ñî÷åòàåìûì ñëîâîì â ñìåæíîñòíûõ îòíîøåíèÿõ. Íàïðèìåð: Íî äåíü âîñêðåñíûé óæ áàêëóøè<br />
áüåò / òî äåòñêèì ïëà÷åì, òî çâîíêîì ïîñóäíûì (Á. Àõìàäóëèíà, “Âîñêðåñíûé äåíü”) (ÈÔÅ áèòü<br />
áàêëóøè). Ñð. “ïåðåâîä” äàííîé êîíñòðóêöèè íà àâòîëîãè÷åñêóþ ðå÷ü: âîñêðåñíûì äí¸ì ëþäè<br />
áüþò áàêëóøè. Àíàëîãè÷íûé ïðèìåð ñ òîé æå ÈÔÅ: Âñïîìíèì, êîëè ñòàíåò ñèë, / Ïðî æèòüå<br />
ñâîå â Áûòîøè, / Òàì èþëü áàêëóøè áèë / Äà è ìû ñ òîáîþ òîæå (Ä. Ñóõàðåâ, “Â Áðÿíñêîé îáëàñòè<br />
ïåñêè…”).<br />
Ïðèâåä¸ì åù¸ ïðèìåðû: Áàñòóåò Ëóâð, / ñòàëüíûå äâåðè ñòèñíóâ (Ð. Ðîæäåñòâåíñêèé, “Êîå-<br />
÷òî î âñåîáùåé çàáàñòîâêå”) (ÈÔÅ ñòèñíóòü çóáû). Àâòîëîãè÷åñêèé “ïåðåâîä” äàííîãî òðîïà —<br />
áàñòóþò îáèòàòåëè Ëóâðà, ñòèñíóâ çóáû — ãîâîðèò î òîì, ÷òî ïåðåä íàìè ìåòîíèìèÿ. Îäíàêî<br />
çäåñü äîïîëíèòåëüíî àêöåíòèðóåòñÿ è ìåòàôîðè÷åñêèé ñìûñë, âûçâàííûé çàìåíîé ôðàçåîëîãè÷åñêîãî<br />
êîìïîíåíòà (ñòèñíóòü çóáû — ñòèñíóòü äâåðè), ÷òî âåä¸ò ê ÿðêî âûðàæåííîìó îëèöåòâîðåíèþ<br />
Ëóâðà.<br />
 ñëåäóþùåì ôðàãìåíòå: Èñòîìà ÿùåðèöåé ïîëçàåò â êîñòÿõ, / È ñåðäöå ñ òðåçâîé ãîëîâîé íå<br />
íà íîæàõ (Â. Âûñîöêèé, “Ïåñíÿ êîí÷åíîãî ÷åëîâåêà”) — ñîñòîÿíèå, îïèñûâàåìîå ÈÔÅ áûòü<br />
íà íîæàõ, õàðàêòåðíîå â ïðÿìîì ñìûñëå òîëüêî äëÿ ÷åëîâå÷åñêèõ îòíîøåíèé, ïðèïèñûâàåòñÿ<br />
ïî ñìåæíîñòíîé àññîöèàöèè (öåëîå — ÷àñòü) ñåðäöó è ãîëîâå, òåì ñàìûì îäíîâðåìåííî<br />
îëèöåòâîðÿÿ èõ.<br />
Âûâîäû. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, ìîæíî êîíñòàòèðîâàòü, ÷òî ÔÅ çàêëþ÷àþò â ñåáå òîò ñàìûé “ãåí”<br />
òðîïà, êîòîðûé ïðè îïðåäåë¸ííûõ êîíòåêñòóàëüíûõ óñëîâèÿõ ìîæåò ñòàòü çàïóñêíûì ìåõàíèçìîì<br />
äëÿ ãåíåðàöèè îáðàçíîãî êîíòåêñòà (âïëîòü äî öåëîãî òåêñòà-òðîïà), îáîãàù¸ííîãî àññîöèàöèÿìè<br />
ñàìîãî ðàçíîãî õàðàêòåðà. Ïðè ýòîì òàêîé “ãåí” íåñóò â ñåáå íå òîëüêî îáðàçíûå<br />
ïî ñâîåé ïðèðîäå ÔÅ, íî è òå óñòîé÷èâûå ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèÿ, êîòîðûå â ÿçûêå âûïîëíÿþò ñóãóáî<br />
íîìèíàòèâíóþ ôóíêöèþ è, êàçàëîñü áû, ëèøåíû êàêèõ-ëèáî îáðàçíûõ ïîòåíöèé (ôðàçåîëîãèçèðîâàííûå<br />
âûðàæåíèÿ, àíàëèòè÷åñêèå òåðìèíû). ×àùå âñåãî êîíòåêñòóàëèçèðîâàííûå ÔÅ<br />
ñòàíîâÿòñÿ â ïîýòè÷åñêîé ðå÷è îñíîâîé äëÿ ñîçäàíèÿ ðàçâ¸ðíóòûõ ìåòàôîð, íåðåäêî ïðè ýòîì<br />
ñîïðîâîæäàÿñü ìåòîíèìè÷åñêèìè àññîöèàöèÿìè.<br />
1. Èëþõèíà Í. À. Îáðàç êàê îáúåêò è ìîäåëü ñåìàñèîëîãè÷åñêîãî àíàëèçà: àâòîðåô. äèñ. … ä-ðà ôèëîë. íàóê: 10.02.01 /<br />
Áàøêèð. ãîñ. óí-ò. — Óôà, 1999.<br />
2. Ðåâóöêèé Î. È. Ôèëîëîãè÷åñêèé àíàëèç õóäîæåñòâåííîãî òåêñòà: ó÷åá. ïîñîáèå. — Ìèíñê, 2006.<br />
3. Ôðàçåîëîãèçì â òåêñòå è òåêñò âî ôðàçåîëîãèçìå (×åòâ¸ðòûå Æóêîâñêèå ÷òåíèÿ): ìàòåð. ìåæäóíàð. íàó÷. ñèìïîçèóìà<br />
/ Îòâ. ðåä. Â. È. Ìàêàðîâ; ÍîâÃÓ èì. ßðîñëàâà Ìóäðîãî. — Âåëèêèé Íîâãîðîä, 2009.<br />
4. Øàíñêèé Í. Ì. Ôðàçåîëîãèÿ ñîâðåìåííîãî ðóññêîãî ÿçûêà. — Ì., 1985.<br />
5. ßêîáñîí Ð. Î. Äâà àñïåêòà ÿçûêà è äâà òèïà àôàòè÷åñêèõ íàðóøåíèé // Òåîðèÿ ìåòàôîðû: ñáîðíèê. — Ì., 1990. —<br />
Ñ. 110–132.<br />
T. N. Kurash<br />
THE METAPHORICAL, METHONIMICAL AND METAFOR-METHONIMICAL TROPES<br />
FORMED FROM PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN THE LANGUAGE OF MODERN<br />
RUSSIAN POETRY<br />
The article is devoted to complex verbal images — the tropes formed from phraseological units. Ways of complex<br />
tropes construction, realising effect of a metaphor, methonimy, and come to light. Contextual conditions of transformation<br />
of phraseological units into some kinds of tropes are defined. The work is carried out on a material of the<br />
language of modern Russian poetry.<br />
Key words: a phraseological unit, a metaphor, a methonimy, a trope.<br />
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