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ÌÎÂÀ ¹ 15 ñòðàíû, ÂÂÏ òàê è îñòàëñÿ íåáîæèòåëåì…”. Ñàìà ñòàòüÿ íàçâàíà åùå áîëåå áðîñêî — “Êëþ÷àðü ÂÂÏ” [ÌÊ, 2008, 12.10: 3]. Ïî îòíîøåíèþ ê Ä. À. Ìåäâåäåâó èñïîëüçóåòñÿ àááðåâèàòóðà ÄÀÌ: “Èëëþçèåé îêàçàëîñü ïðåäñòàâëåíèå è î òîì, ÷òî îäíà ñòðàíà, äàæå ñàìàÿ ìîùíàÿ, ìîæåò âçÿòü íà ñåáÿ ðîëü ãëîáàëüíîãî ïðàâèòåëüñòâà”, — ïîâûñèë ãîëîñ ÄÀÌ” [ÌÊ, 2008, 15.06:1]. Â äðóãèõ ÑÌÈ ïîëèòèêè, êîòîðûå ïîçèöèîíèðóþòñÿ êàê “ñâîè”, èìåíóþòñÿ ïî ðóññêîé òðàäèöèè ôîðìóëîé “èìÿ + îò÷åñòâî + ôàìèëèÿ” èëè “èíèöèàëû + ôàìèëèÿ”, ÷òî âñòðå÷àåòñÿ êðàéíå ðåäêî, íàïðèìåð: Þðèé Ìèõàéëîâè÷ Ëóæêîâ, Þ. Ì. Ëóæêîâ [Ìèð íîâîñòåé, 2009, 06.09:7]. Â îïïîçèöèîííîé êîììóíèñòè÷åñêîé ïðåññå âñÿ ñîâðåìåííàÿ ðîññèéñêàÿ âëàñòü ïðåäñòàâëåíà êàê “÷óæàÿ”, ÷òî ïðîÿâëÿåòñÿ â ÷àñòî èñïîëüçóåìîé ëåêñåìå “ðåæèì”. Íàèáîëåå îò÷åòëèâî îïïîçèöèÿ “ñâîé — ÷óæîé” “ðàáîòàåò” ïî îòíîøåíèþ ê ïðîòèâîïîëîæíûì ïàðòèÿì è ôðàêöèÿì â Ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé Äóìå Ðîññèè. Ïðåäñòàâèòåëè ïàðòèè “Åäèíàÿ Ðîññèÿ” ñîâîêóïíî èìåíóþòñÿ íà ñòðàíèöàõ ãàçåòû “Ïðàâäà” “ãîñïîäà åäèíîðîññû” [Ïðàâäà, 2009, 17.07: 1]. È ñîîòâåòñòâåííî êàæäûé “åäèíîðîññ”, îñîáåííî èç ðóêîâîäñòâà ïàðòèè, íàçâàí ïî ôîðìóëå “ãîñïîäèí/ãîñïîæà + ôàìèëèÿ”, êîòîðàÿ â êîììóíèñòè÷åñêîé ïðåññå õàðàêòåðíà äëÿ îáîçíà÷åíèÿ “÷óæèõ”, íàïðèìåð, ã-í Ãðûçëîâ, ã-æà Ñëèçêà [Ïðàâäà, 2009,09.06: 2]. “Ñâîè” — ýòî, êîíå÷íî, êîììóíèñòû, ïîýòîìó ëåêñåìà “êîììóíèñò” ïî÷òè ïîñòîÿííî âõîäèò â íîìèíàöèþ ïðåäñòàâèòåëåé ýòîé ôðàêöèè, íàïðèìåð, êîììóíèñò Àëåêñåé Áàãîðÿêîâ, êîììóíèñò Àíàòîëèé Ëîêîòü, ÷ëåí ôðàêöèè ÊÏÐÔ Âèêòîð Èëþõèí è ò. ä. [Ïðàâäà, 2009, ìàé — èþíü]. Â êîììóíèñòè÷åñêîé ïðåññå íàèáîëåå ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíî ïðîâîäèòñÿ êëàññîâàÿ îïïîçèöèÿ “ïðîñòûå ëþäè — ïðåäñòàâèòåëè êðóïíîãî áèçíåñà”. Â ýòîì ñëó÷àå “÷óæèå” íàçûâàþòñÿ òîëüêî ïî ôàìèëèè áåç èìåíè è îò÷åñòâà, ðåæå — ïî ìîäåëè “ãîñïîäèí + ôàìèëèÿ”, íàïðèìåð, ×óáàéñ, ã–í Ïîòàíèí. Ðÿäîì ñ ôàìèëèåé ìîæåò ñòîÿòü îáîçíà÷åíèå ïî “ðàíãó”: “îëèãàðõ Äåðèïàñêà” [Ïðàâäà, 2009,09.06: 3]. Îò ôàìèëèè ×óáàéñ ñîçäàíî èíòåðåñíîå îòàíòðîïîíèìè÷åñêîå îáðàçîâàíèå — “÷óáàéñàöèÿ”. Õàðàêòåðíî, ÷òî îíî ñîçäàíî íå ïî ïðèâû÷íûì ìîäåëÿì “ôàìèëèÿ + ñóôôèêñ –èçì” èëè “ôàìèëèÿ + -ùèíà”, à ïî òîé æå ìîäåëè, ÷òî è ñëîâî “ïðèâàòèçàöèÿ”, îáîçíà÷àþùåå ÿâëåíèå, òåñíî ñâÿçàííîå ñ äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ À. ×óáàéñà. Óñèëèâàåò çíà÷åíèå íåîëîãèçìà âûíåñåíèå åãî â íàçâàíèå ñòàòüè — “Æåðòâû ÷óáàéñàöèè” [Ïðàâäà, 2009, 18.08: 2]. “Ñâîè”, îáû÷íûå ëþäè â ýòîé îïïîçèöèè íàçûâàþòñÿ ïî ðóññêîé òðàäèöèè èìåíîâàíèÿ ñ èìåíåì, îò÷åñòâîì è ôàìèëèåé, íàïðèìåð: “æèòåëüíèöà êóðñêîãî ñåëà Áîëüøîå Êóêèíî Àëåêñàíäðà Èâàíîâíà Îãàðêîâà, êîðåííàÿ æèòåëüíèöà ñåëà Âåëèêèé Äâîð Ãàëèíà Íèêîëàåâíà Áåðåæíàÿ, çàìãëàâû àäìèíèñòðàöèè Òàëäîìñêîãî ðàéîíà Àëåêñåé ßêîâëåâè÷ Ñòðåáêîâ” è ò. ï. [Ïðàâäà, 2009, 31.08: 3]. Â ñîâðåìåííîì ðîññèéñêîì ïóáëèöèñòè÷åñêîì äèñêóðñå îáîçíà÷åíû ðàçíûå ñîöèàëüíûå ãðóïïû íàñåëåíèÿ. Îáû÷íûì ëþäÿì ñ èõ êàæäîäíåâíûìè çàáîòàìè ïðîòèâîïîñòàâëåíû ïðåñòóïíèêè è èõ ïîìîùíèêè. Â ýòîì çíà÷åíèè âûñòðàèâàåòñÿ îïïîçèöèÿ “çàêîíîïîñëóøíûå ãðàæäàíå — ïðåäñòàâèòåëè ïðåñòóïíîãî ìèðà”. Â êðóã íîìèíàöèé ïðåñòóïíèêîâ ïîïàäàþò õàðàêòåðíûå äëÿ íèõ ôîðìû ëè÷íûõ èìåí, ïðèøåäøèå èç ðàçãîâîðíîé ðå÷è: “…ìîãëè “ñïåðåòü” íå êàêèå-íèáóäü Âèòåê èëè Ñàíåê èç ìàôèîçíûõ êðóãîâ…” [Íîâàÿ ãàçåòà, 2002, 27.05: 6]. Îïïîçèöèÿ “ñâîé — ÷óæîé” ïðåäñòàâëåíà â ïóáëèöèñòè÷åñêîì äèñêóðñå è íà óðîâíå èíäèâèäóàëüíîãî âîñïðèÿòèÿ ëþäåé è ñîáûòèé. Êàæäûé ÷åëîâåê îïðåäåëÿåò äëÿ ñåáÿ “ñâîèõ” â “áëèæíåì êðóãå”, â “äîìàøíåì ìèðå”, ïî îïðåäåëåíèþ Þ. Ì. Ëîòìàíà, è ñîîòâåòñòâåííî îáîçíà÷àåò èõ àíòðîïîíèìè÷åñêèìè ñðåäñòâàìè. Äëÿ “÷óæèõ” ìîæåò áûòü âûáðàíà íåîáû÷íàÿ íîìèíàöèÿ, ïåðåäàþùàÿ íåãàòèâíóþ êîííîòàöèþ. Òàêàÿ îïïîçèöèÿ äàíà â èíòåðâüþ Ë. È. Ìåíàêåðà, ïîñâÿùåííîì âîñïîìèíàíèÿì î åãî äâîþðîäíîì áðàòå, èçâåñòíîì àêòåðå Àíäðåå Ìèðîíîâå. Ñîîòâåòñòâåííî Ìèðîíîâ îáîçíà÷åí â òåêñòå êàê Àíäðåé, Àíäðþøà. Â îïïîçèöèè “÷óæîé” îêàçûâàåòñÿ àêòðèñà Òàòüÿíà Åãîðîâà, íàïèñàâøàÿ êíèãó î À. Ìèðîíîâå. Ïîêàçûâàÿ ñâîå íåäîâîëüñòâî òåì, ÷òî íàïèñàëà Ò. Åãîðîâà, Ë. È. Ìåíàêåð íàçûâàåò åå òîëüêî ïî ôàìèëèè, ïðè÷åì âûáèðàåò î÷åíü ðåäêî óïîòðåáëÿþùååñÿ â ñîâðåìåííîì ðóññêîì ÿçûêå îáðàùåíèå “ìàäàì”, êîòîðîå â äàííîì êîíòåêñòå ñèãíàëèçèðóåò î òîì, ÷òî ïåðåä íàìè “÷óæîé”: “Â íåé (êíèãå) ìàäàì Åãîðîâà ïîíîñèò ìíîãèõ èçâåñòíûõ àêòåðîâ…”[ÌÊ Äàéäæåñò, 2008, ¹1: 14]. Òàêèì îáðàçîì, â íàïîëíåííîì îïïîçèöèÿìè ñîâðåìåííîì ðîññèéñêîì ïóáëèöèñòè÷åñêîì äèñêóðñå àíòðîïîíèìû áëàãîäàðÿ âàðüèðóåìîñòè è áîãàòûì ÿçûêîâûì âîçìîæíîñòÿì àêòèâíî ó÷àñòâóþò â ðåàëèçàöèè îïïîçèöèè “ñâîé — ÷óæîé”. 148
ÏÈÒÀÍÍß ÎÍÎÌÀÑÒÈÊÈ 1. Ïîêðîâñêàÿ Å. Â. Ãàçåòà â ñîâðåìåííîé êóëüòóðíî-ðå÷åâîé ñèòóàöèè // Ðóññêàÿ ðå÷ü — 2005. — Ñ. 69–74. 2. Êëóøèíà Í. È. ßçûê ïóáëèöèñòèêè // Ðóññêàÿ ðå÷ü. — 2004. — ¹3 — Ñ. 51–54. ². Â. Ìóðàäÿí ÀÍÒÐÎÏÎÍ²ÌÈ ßÊ ÇÀÑ²Á ÐÅÏÐÅÇÅÍÒÀÖ²¯ ÎÏÎÇÈÖ²¯ “ÑÂ²É — ×ÓÆÈÉ” Â ÐÎÑ²ÉÑÜÊÎÌÓ ÏÓÁË²ÖÈÑÒÈ×ÍÎÌÓ ÄÈÑÊÓÐÑ² Ñòàòòþ ïðèñâÿ÷åíî ìîâíèì ìîæëèâîñòÿì àíòðîïîí³ì³â ó ôîðìóâàíí³ îïîçèö³¿ “ñâ³é — ÷óæèé”, ÿêà øèðîêî çàñòîñîâóºòüñÿ ó ñó÷àñíîìó ðîñ³éñüêîìó äèñêóðñ³. Êëþ÷îâ³ ñëîâà: îíîìàñòèêà, àíòðîïîí³ì³ÿ, ñåìàíòè÷íà îïîçèö³ÿ “ñâ³é — ÷óæèé”. I. V. Muradyan PERSONAL NAMES LIKE OPPOSITION “OWN PEOPLE — STRANGES” IN THE RUSSIAN MEDIA DISCOURSE The article is devoted to the language potential of personal names at the formation of opposition “own people — stranges”. This opposition is widely used in the modern Russian media discourse. Key words: Russian, personal name, semantics opposition “own people — stranges”. 149
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