ÐÐÐÐ - ÐÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑаниÑа - ÐдеÑÑкий ÐаÑÑоналÑний УнÑвеÑÑиÑÐµÑ ...
ÐÐÐÐ - ÐÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑаниÑа - ÐдеÑÑкий ÐаÑÑоналÑний УнÑвеÑÑиÑÐµÑ ...
ÐÐÐÐ - ÐÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑаниÑа - ÐдеÑÑкий ÐаÑÑоналÑний УнÑвеÑÑиÑÐµÑ ...
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ÌÎÂÀ ¹ 15<br />
L. F. Barannik<br />
SPECIFICITY OF MIGRANT DIALECTS OF ODESSA REGION: LEXICAL ASPECT<br />
The article reveals the major lexical-semantic features of the Russian island dialects of South of the Ukraine,<br />
which for a long time (more than 200 years) operate in multilingual environment (Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Moldavian,<br />
Gagauz and others) in isolation from the main Russian-language and mother, South-Russian, body. Foreign-language<br />
environment contributes, on the one hand, preserving a lot of dialect words, that have been lost in the dialects<br />
of the metropolis. On the other hand- the penetration of a significant body of lexical borrowings from neighboring<br />
languages and dialects, generates lexical-semantic peculiarity of Russian island dialects of South of the Ukraine and<br />
leads to a special development of their lexical system.<br />
Key words: Russian dialectology, South-Russian island migrant dialects, interlinguistic contacts, lexical borrowings,<br />
Odessa region.<br />
ÓÄÊ 811.161.1'282.4’373.612.2(477.74)<br />
Ìåòàôîðè÷åñêèå íàèìåíîâàíèÿ ëèö â ðóññêèõ<br />
ïåðåñåëåí÷åñêèõ ãîâîðàõ Îäåññêîé îáëàñòè<br />
Ë. Î. Çàáîëüÿí<br />
Ñòàòüÿ ïîñâÿùåíà ìåòàôîðè÷åñêèì íàèìåíîâàíèÿì ëèö â ðóññêèõ ïåðåñåëåí÷åñêèõ ãîâîðàõ<br />
Îäåññêîé îáëàñòè. Ðàññìàòðèâàþòñÿ ðàçëè÷íûå îïðåäåëåíèÿ ìåòàôîðû, âûäåëÿþòñÿ îñîáåííîñòè<br />
äèàëåêòíîé ìåòàôîðû â èññëåäóåìûõ ãîâîðàõ.<br />
Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà: ëåêñèêà ðóññêèõ ïåðåñåëåí÷åñêèõ ãîâîðîâ, ìåòàôîðà, ìåòàôîðè÷åñêèå íàèìåíîâàíèÿ<br />
ëèö.<br />
 ðóññêîé ëèíãâèñòèêå íàáëþäàåòñÿ áîëüøîé èíòåðåñ ê èçó÷åíèþ ëåêñèêè ðóññêèõ ãîâîðîâ.<br />
Çà ïîñëåäíåå äåñÿòèëåòèå ïîäãîòîâëåíû è èçäàíû äåñÿòêè äèàëåêòíûõ ñëîâàðåé, îòðàæàþùèõ<br />
ñëîâàðíûé ñîñòàâ Åâðîïåéñêîé ÷àñòè Ðîññèè, à òàêæå Óðàëà, Ñèáèðè è Äàëüíåãî Âîñòîêà. “Íåñîìíåííî,<br />
èññëåäîâàíèå ÿçûêà, ìàòåðèàëüíîé è äóõîâíîé êóëüòóðû ñåëüñêèõ æèòåëåé â íàøè äíè<br />
îñîáåííî àêòóàëüíî, ò.ê. â óñëîâèÿõ óðáàíèçàöèè, ïðîìûøëåííîãî ðàçâèòèÿ è ýêîíîìè÷åñêîãî<br />
êðèçèñà îùóòèìà îñòðàÿ íåîáõîäèìîñòü è ïîòðåáíîñòü â ñîõðàíåíèè, èçó÷åíèè è ïåðåîñìûñëåíèè<br />
áîãàòîãî íàñëåäèÿ òðàäèöèîííîé íàðîäíîé êóëüòóðû, áàçîâîé îñíîâû âñÿêîãî íàöèîíàëüíîãî<br />
âîçðîæäåíèÿ” [3: 161]. Îñîáîå çíà÷åíèå ñðåäè ðóññêèõ ãîâîðîâ çàíèìàþò ðóññêèå ãîâîðû<br />
áëèæíåãî è äàëüíåãî çàðóáåæüÿ, êîòîðûå â ñèëó èõ îñòðîâíîãî õàðàêòåðà äîëüøå ñîõðàíÿþò èñêîííûå<br />
äèàëåêòíûå ëåêñåìû, íåðåäêî óòðà÷åííûå â ìàòåðèíñêèõ äèàëåêòàõ, à òàêæå çàèìñòâóþò<br />
èç ñîñåäíèõ ÿçûêîâ è äèàëåêòîâ ÿðêèå ìåòàôîðè÷åñêèå íàèìåíîâàíèÿ, îòðàæàþùèå ÿçûêîâóþ<br />
êàðòèíó ìèðà ðóññêèõ ïåðåñåëåíöåâ. “Ðåêîíñòðóêöèÿ ÿçûêîâîé êàðòèíû ìèðà ñîñòàâëÿåò îäíó<br />
èç âàæíåéøèõ çàäà÷ ñîâðåìåííîé ëèíãâèñòè÷åñêîé ñåìàíòèêè” [6]. Êàê èçâåñòíî, îñîáóþ ðîëü<br />
â ôîðìèðîâàíèè ìèðîâîççðåíèÿ, ìèðîîùóùåíèÿ è ìèðîâîñïðèÿòèÿ â ÷åëîâå÷åñêîì ñîçíàíèè<br />
èãðàåò ìåòàôîðà. Ìåòàôîðè÷åñêàÿ ðå÷ü îáëàäàåò óäèâèòåëüíîé “ñïîñîáíîñòüþ îñâàèâàòü ëþáîå<br />
çíàêîâîå ïðîñòðàíñòâî. Äåéñòâèòåëüíî, ìåòàôîðîé ìîãóò ñòàòü ëþáîé ìàòåðèàë, ëþáàÿ âåùü,<br />
ïðåäìåò, ëþáûå êà÷åñòâà, ñïîñîáíîñòè, ñâîéñòâà, ëþáàÿ îáðàçíàÿ àáñòðàêöèÿ, äàæå òàêàÿ ÷èñòàÿ<br />
àáñòðàêöèÿ êàê ÷èñëî” [10: 52]. Ðàçðàáîòêîé òåîðèè ìåòàôîðû çàíèìàëèñü êðóïíûå îòå÷åñòâåííûå<br />
è çàðóáåæíûå ôèëîñîôû è ëèíãâèñòû: Ô. Íèöøå, Ì. Áëýê, Ä. Ñåðëü, Ì. Ðåääè, Ø. Áàëëè,<br />
Ä. Ëàêîôô, Ì. Äæîíñîí, Ï. Ðèêåð, Ä. Äýâèäñîí, Ý. Ìàê-Êîðìàê, À. Êàëáåðò, Ó. Ýêî, Í. Ä. Àðóòþíîâà,<br />
Â. Ã. Ãàê, Ê. Ê. Æîëü, Ê. À. Êåäðîâ, Ë. À. Êóäðÿâöåâà, Í. À. Êîæåâíèêîâà, Â. Ï. Ìîñêâèí,<br />
Â. Â. Ìåëèêîâ, Ë. Í. Ìóðçèí, Ò. À. Ìóìèíîâ, À. À. Ïîòåáíÿ, Â. Â. Ïåòðîâ, Á. À. Ïëîòíèêîâ,<br />
Â. Ì. Ðóñàíèâñêèé, Ò. Â. Ñèìàøêî, Ã. Í. Ñêëÿðåâñêàÿ, À. À. Òàðàíåíêî, Â. Í. Òåëèÿ,<br />
À. Ï. ×óäèíîâ, À. Ì. Øàõíàðîâè÷, Þ. Á. Ôåäåíåâà, È. Î. Ôèëàòåíêî, Í. Ì. Þðüåâà è äðóãèå.<br />
Ìåòàôîðå â äèàëåêòíîì ÿçûêå ïîñâÿùåíû ðàáîòû äèàëåêòîëîãîâ Î. È. Áëèíîâîé, Ë. Ô. Áàðàííèê,<br />
Í. Ò. Áóõàðåâîé, Å. Â. Êîëîñüêî, Ò. Ñ. Êîãîòêîâîé, Í. À. Ëóêüÿíîâîé è äð.<br />
102<br />
© Ë. Î. Çàáîëüÿí, 2010