Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
³äïîâ³äü: (1, 2, 3).<br />
³äïîâ³äü: (1, 1, 5).<br />
3.9. Ðîçâ’ÿçàòè ñèñòåìó<br />
ì- Nx1+ x2 + Nx3<br />
= 2N<br />
+ 2,<br />
ï<br />
í - Nx2 - x3<br />
=- 2N<br />
- 3,<br />
ï ïî Nx1+ x2- Nx3<br />
=- 2N<br />
+ 2.<br />
ì 1+ 2<br />
+<br />
3<br />
= 2 +<br />
Nx Nx x N 5,<br />
ï<br />
íx1 - Nx2 + 2x3<br />
= 11 - N,<br />
ï ïî 3x1+ x2 + 4Nx3<br />
= 20N+<br />
4.<br />
ì x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 + 4x4 + 5x5<br />
= 2<br />
2x1 + 3x2 + 7x3 + 10x4 + 13x5<br />
= 12<br />
ï<br />
í3x1 + 5x2 + 11x3 + 16x4 + 21x5<br />
= 17<br />
2x1 - 7x2 + 7x3 + 7x4 + 2x5<br />
= 57<br />
ï<br />
ïîï<br />
x1 + 4x2 + 5x3 + 3x4 + 10x5<br />
= 7<br />
ìåòîäîì Ãàóññà.<br />
³äïîâ³äü: (3, –5, 4, –2, 1).<br />
3.10. Ðîçâ’ÿçàòè ñèñòåìó<br />
ÒÅÌÀ 4<br />
˲Ͳ¯ ÍÀ ÏËÎÙÈͲ ² Ó ÏÐÎÑÒÎв<br />
4.1. ÏÐßÌÎÊÓÒͲ ÊÎÎÐÄÈÍÀÒÈ<br />
ÍÀ ÏËÎÙÈͲ ² ¯Õ ÍÀÉÏÐÎÑҲز<br />
ÇÀÑÒÎÑÓÂÀÍÍß<br />
4.1.1. Îçíà÷åííÿ<br />
Êîîðäèíàòàìè òî÷êè íà ïëîùèí³ íàçèâàþòüñÿ ÷èñëà, ùî<br />
âèçíà÷àþòü ïîëîæåííÿ ö³º¿ òî÷êè íà ïëîùèí³.<br />
Ïðÿìîêóòí³, àáî äåêàðòîâ³ êîîðäèíàòè 1 íà ïëîùèí³<br />
ââîäÿòüñÿ â òàêèé ñïîñ³á: íà ö³é ïëîùèí³ ô³êñóºòüñÿ òî÷êà<br />
Î (ïî÷àòîê êîîðäèíàò), ÿêà º òî÷êîþ ïåðåòèíó äâîõ âçà-<br />
ºìíî ïåðïåíäèêóëÿðíèõ ñïðÿìîâàíèõ ïðÿìèõ Îõ ³ Îó (îñ³<br />
êîîðäèíàò) (ðèñ. 4.1). Ñïðÿìîâàí³ñòü ïðÿìèõ ìîæå áóòè<br />
äîâ³ëüíîþ. Òîìó äëÿ çðó÷íîñò³ ðîçãëÿäó ïðèïóñòèìî, ùî<br />
â³ñü Îõ (â³ñü àáñöèñ) ãîðèçîíòàëüíà ³ ñïðÿìîâàíà çë³âà ïðàâîðó÷,<br />
à â³ñü Îó (â³ñü îðäèíàò) âåðòèêàëüíà ³ ñïðÿìîâàíà<br />
çíèçó íàãîðó (ìàòåìàòèêè, ÿê ïðàâèëî, ñàìå òàê ³íòåðïðåòóþòü<br />
ïîëîæåííÿ â³ñåé êîîðäèíàò). Êð³ì öüîãî, âèáèðàºòüñÿ<br />
îäèíèöÿ ìàñøòàáó äëÿ âèì³ðó â³äñòàíåé.<br />
⎧Nx1 + x2 + x3 + x4<br />
= N + 3<br />
⎪ x1 + Nx2 − x3 + x4<br />
= N + 1<br />
⎨<br />
⎪ − x1 + x2 + Nx3 − x4<br />
= N − 1<br />
⎪<br />
⎩2x1 −x2 − x3 + Nx4<br />
= N<br />
³äïîâ³äü: (1, 1, 1, 1).<br />
Ó âïðàâ³ 3.8, 3.10 ïàðàìåòð N îçíà÷ຠ÷èñëî äàòè íàðîäæåííÿ<br />
÷èòà÷à, ÿêèé áóäå ðîçâ’ÿçóâàòè ¿¿.<br />
Ðèñ. 4.1 Ðèñ. 4.2<br />
1<br />
Âîíè íàçâàí³ çà ³ìåíåì âèäàòíîãî ôðàíöóçüêîãî ô³ëîñîôà, ìàòåìàòèêà,<br />
ô³çèêà ³ ô³ç³îëîãà Ðåíå Äåêàðòà (1596 – 1650).<br />
86 87