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The art of Reversing by Ap0x Predgovor drugom izdanju Mi zivimo nase svakodnevne zivote nesvesni sitnica i malih stvari koje nam se desavaju ispred ociju. Prelazimo preko ociglednih stvari jer nam se cine jednostavnim i logicnim. Ne osecamo potrebu da zavirimo ispod jednolicne jednostavne spoljasnosti stvari, ili samo to ne zelimo Postavimo sebi pitanje: Kada smo zadnji put pogledali neki objekat i zapitali se kako on to radi Kakvi se to procesi kriju iza njegovog nama dostupnog lica Zasto se nesto desava bas tako kako se desava Kada smo neki objekat poslednji put razlozili na sastavne delove snagom svojih misli Kada smo zadnji put videli iza ociglednog i dostupnog Odgovori na ova pitanja leze u nama samima i predstavljaju samu osnovu reversnog inzenjeringa. Sama teznja da se pronikne u pocetke i uzroke stvari, da se do pocetnih uslova dodje od rezultata otvara neverovatne mogucnosti, samo ako promenimo tacku gledista, samo ako se sa mesta pasivnog posmatraca pomerimo u mesto reversera, samo tako cemo doci do same srzi reversnog inzenjeringa. Imajte na umu da se reversni inzenjering ne primenjuje samo na kompjuterima, svuda oko nas je reversni inzenjering, samo to treba da uocimo. Ovo je drugo izdanje knjige The Art Of Cracking koja je dobila novo ime The Art Of Reversing jer je u nju sada utkana moja druga knjiga pod nazivom PE and ASM for Crackers. U ovom drugom izdanju su dodata neka poglavlja, neka su dopunjena ali veci deo ispravki se odnosio na gramatickosemanticke greske uocene u knjizi za ovo pisac duguje posebnu zahvalnost MDHamel-u koji je uradio reviziju i lektorat knjige. Ovom prilikom bih zeleo da se zahvalim svima koji su me podrzali i jos uvek me podrzavaju da nastavim rad na ovom projektu. Knjiga je posvecena svim ljudima koji su ostavili neizbrisiv trag u mom zivotu: porodici, najboljim prijateljima, prvoj ljubavi, mentorima, ostalim prijateljima, neprijateljima i ostalima koji nisu ovde nabrojani ali predstavljaju manje ili vise bitan deo mog zivota. “The more I learn, the more I realize how much I don`t know!” Ap0x The Art of Reversing by Ap0x Page 2 of 293
The Book 01.00 Intro to Cracking.............................................................................................................. 6 01.01 What is R.C.E.................................................................................................................. 7 01.02 Beginners guide to Reversing........................................................................................... 8 01.03 Becoming a Reverser........................................................................................................ 9 01.04 ASM Basics..................................................................................................................... 10 01.05 ASM for Crackers - Part I ................................................................................................ 10 01.06 ASM for Crackers - Part II ............................................................................................... 18 01.07 ASM for Crackers - Part III .............................................................................................. 21 01.08 ASM for Crackers - Part IV.............................................................................................. 24 01.09 ASM for Crackers - Part V............................................................................................... 26 01.10 Reading Time Table........................................................................................................ 30 01.11 Tools of Trade ................................................................................................................. 31 01.12 Configuring Tools of Trade.............................................................................................. 32 01.13 OllyDBG v.1.10................................................................................................................ 32 01.14 W32Dism++ / W32Dasm 8.93......................................................................................... 32 01.15 Numega Smart Check v.6.03.......................................................................................... 33 01.16 PeID v.0.93...................................................................................................................... 33 01.17 My first Crack .................................................................................................................. 34 01.18 My second Crack ............................................................................................................ 39 01.19 OllyDBG from beginning ................................................................................................. 43 01.20 Debugging basics - BreakPoints..................................................................................... 43 01.21 Debugging basics – User VS kernel mode ..................................................................... 44 01.22 Introduction to OllyDBG .................................................................................................. 44 02.00 NAG Screens ................................................................................................................. 48 02.01 Killing NAGs - MsgBoxes ................................................................................................ 49 02.02 Killing NAGs - Dialogs..................................................................................................... 51 02.03 Killing NAGs - MsgBoxes & Olly ..................................................................................... 53 02.04 Killing NAGs - Dialogs & Olly .......................................................................................... 56 03.00 Cracking Serials ............................................................................................................ 57 03.01 The Serials - Jumps ........................................................................................................ 58 03.02 The Serials - Fishing #1 .................................................................................................. 60 03.03 The Serials - Fishing #2 .................................................................................................. 63 03.04 The Serials - Fishing #3 .................................................................................................. 66 03.05 The Serials - Fishing #4 .................................................................................................. 67 03.06 The Serials - Fishing #5 .................................................................................................. 69 03.07 The Serials - Fishing #6 .................................................................................................. 70 03.08 The Serials - Fishing #7 .................................................................................................. 71 03.09 The Serials - Smart Check #1......................................................................................... 73 03.10 The Serials - Smart Check #2......................................................................................... 75 03.11 The Serials - Computer ID .............................................................................................. 76 03.12 The Serials - VB & Olly ................................................................................................... 78 03.13 The Serials - Patching..................................................................................................... 79 03.14 The Serials - KeyFile(s)................................................................................................... 81 03.15 The Serials – KeyFile and Registry................................................................................. 84 04.00 Making KeyGens ........................................................................................................... 92 04.01 KeyGen - Ripping #1....................................................................................................... 93 04.01 KeyGen - Ripping #2....................................................................................................... 94 04.02 KeyGen - Beginning #1 ................................................................................................... 95 04.03 KeyGen - Beginning #2 ................................................................................................... 97 04.04 KeyGen - Beginning #3 ................................................................................................... 99 04.05 KeyGen - Beginning #4 ................................................................................................. 102 04.06 KeyGens & Smart Check #1 ......................................................................................... 104 04.07 KeyGens & Smart Check #2 ......................................................................................... 106 The Art of Reversing by Ap0x Page 3 of 293
Page 1: y Ap0x The Art of Reversing by Ap0x
Page 5 and 6: 10.18 PeCompact 2.22 ..............
Page 7 and 8: What is R.C.E. Reverse Code Enginee
Page 9 and 10: Becoming a Reverser Ovo je jako ces
Page 11 and 12: Ova jednostavna ASM komanda je ekvi
Page 13 and 14: egistra EAX preko 16bitnih ili 8bit
Page 15 and 16: Operacija AND Broj decimalno Broj b
Page 17 and 18: Posle izvrsavanja ove ASM komande r
Page 19 and 20: egistar uvek izvrsava. Postoje razl
Page 21 and 22: ASM for Crackers - Part III Do sada
Page 23 and 24: Primecujete da se parametri sa STAC
Page 25 and 26: komandama koje imaju jedan ili dva
Page 27 and 28: A znacenje komande je prebaci Tabel
Page 29 and 30: Test - je poznata ASM komanda koja
Page 31 and 32: Tools of Trade Kao i za svaku drugu
Page 33 and 34: Numega Smart Check v.6.03 Smart Che
Page 35 and 36: EAX = 1 EAX = EAX + 1 EAX = EAX + 5
Page 37 and 38: povecavaju za odredjeni broj. Ovaj
Page 39 and 40: My second Crack Posto smo konfiguri
Page 41 and 42: Posto nam ovaj prvobitan prikaz nij
Page 43 and 44: OllyDbg from beginning Pre nego sto
Page 45 and 46: uvek predstavlja pravi izbor kada p
Page 47 and 48: custom uslove koje mozemo da postav
Page 49 and 50: Killing NAGs - MsgBoxes NAG ekrani
Page 51 and 52: Killing NAGs - Dialogs U proslom pr
Page 53 and 54:
Killing NAGs - MsgBoxes & Olly Post
Page 55 and 56:
ako EAX ima uticaja na dalje izvrsa
Page 57 and 58:
03 Cracking Serials Sledece poglavl
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:00407DFA A150984000 mov eax, dword
Page 61 and 62:
Ovo nam je zanimljivo jer serijski
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The Serials - Fishing #2 Posto je t
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smestiti heksadecimalna vrednost pr
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oj koji moze biti pravi serijski br
Page 69 and 70:
The Serials - Fishing #5 Vec smo na
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Stack DS:[0012FB08]=31 ('1') Njegov
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The Serials - Smart Check #1 Da bis
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The Serials - Smart Check #2 Cetvrt
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Idemo dalje i na adresi 004010D9 se
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The Serials - Patching Ponekad je p
Page 81 and 82:
The Serials - KeyFile Cesto sretani
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0042664F . 39D1 CMP ECX,EDX Vrednos
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vrednost koju sadrzi EAX posle doda
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Ovaj poziv vraca imena sectiona koj
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0040151C |. 50 PUSH EAX ; Pretvaran
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Dakle prvo se ECX resetuje na nulu,
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KeyGen - Ripping #1 Poglavlje o pra
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KeyGen - Beginning #1 Videli smo da
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KeyGen - Beginning #2 Videli smo ka
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KeyGen - Beginning #3 Prosli algori
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00407165 U EAX se stavljaju sva slo
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00407D93 Ovde EAX dobija sledecu vr
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Analizirajmo ono sto vidimo. Nas la
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Naravno dovoljno je da analiziramo
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CD Checking - Examples Prvo cu vas
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CD Checking - CrackMe Posle teorije
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pokusava da otvori taj fajl. Ako fa
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Delphi and ASM Kao veoma obican i l
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VC++ and ASM Vec smo videli da kako
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adrese do ASCII vrednosti koje se k
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Adding functions #2 Prvi deo poglav
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Ova RVA adresa je 00443600 a ovo pr
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Adding functions #3 Prvi deo poglav
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SoftICE detection Evo jednog primer
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Windows check debugger API Evo jos
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ovom slucaju) da se vratimo iz 2 CA
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morati sam sebe da castim pivom :)
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Text2.Text = "" for i = 1 to Len(Te
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Ovo znaci da se ovaj CALL poziva sa
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ReEnable buttons - ASM Ovaj deo pog
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Dakle na adresi 00401253 se poziva
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ReEnable buttons - ResHacker Ova ne
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ReEnable buttons - Olly & Delphi Vi
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ReEnable buttons - Olly & VB Videli
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Passwords - Olly & Delphi Videli sm
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Passwords - Olly & ASM Za razliku o
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Kao sto vidimo neke vrednosti se ra
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Patching a .dll Cesto sretani probl
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09 Decrypt me... Neke lake dekrpici
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jedan za enkripciju i jedan za dekr
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56to bitne kljuceve moze biti razbi
Page 163 and 164:
Simple Encryption Ako ste citali de
Page 165 and 166:
Reversing MD5 encryption Vec je bil
Page 167 and 168:
RSA Basics RSA (Rivest Shamir Adlem
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Bruteforce #1 Pre nego sto sam napi
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3) Da se proizvod mnozenja deli sa
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Posto pokrenete SmartCheck i pomocu
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Posto znamo da se prilikom enkripci
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potraje ali bruteforceovanje je bas
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Bruteforce with dictionary Ovo nije
Page 181 and 182:
ste sigurno zaboravili na registar
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Unpacking anything... Sta su to pak
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Ovo je laicki pristup ali je tako n
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SizeOfImage je treca opcija u nizu
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Flags - Ovo je poslednja kolona i p
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PE ExE files - Tables Posto smo obj
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Kao kada su u pitanju import/export
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UPX 0.89.6 - 1.02 / 1.05 - 1.24 Kao
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Ollyjev dump plugin Odgovor je jedn
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UPX-Scrambler RC1.x Vec je objasnje
Page 201 and 202:
UPXShit 0.06 I poslednji paker u se
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0045E310 > /B8 FAE24500 0045E315 .
Page 205 and 206:
FSG 1.30 - 1.33 FSG takodje sluzi s
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ASPack 1.x - 2.x Ovaj paker se nije
Page 209 and 210:
PEtite 2.2 Do sada smo rucno trazil
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F9 jos 2x kada stignemo do tog brea
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tElock 0.96 Pre nego sto pocnemo sa
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pomocu klika na Save Tree dugme. Ka
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PeCompact 2.22 Moram da priznam da
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0040D379 |76 38 0040D37B |66:3D 172
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kada ce se u EAXu pojaviti user32.d
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ASProtect 1.2 / 1.2c Dugo vremena s
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004012C0 55 DB 55 ; CHAR 'U' 004012
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i zavrsicemo ovde: 00401472 $ E8 89
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ReCrypt 0.74 Da bismo poceli sa otp
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ACProtect 1.4x ACProtect je komerci
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WinUPack 0.2x WinUPack je jedan odl
Page 235 and 236:
PE Lock NT 2.04 Na ovom packeru cu
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EZIP 1.0 Ovo je jos jedan lak paker
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PEBundle 2.0x - 2.4x Sa pakerom Jer
Page 241 and 242:
PeX 0.99 PeX je jedan jako zanimlji
Page 243 and 244:
ARM Protector 0.1 Jos jedan jako za
Page 245 and 246:
PC-Guard 5.0 PC-Guard je jedan veom
Page 247 and 248:
SVKP 1.3x Jedan od jako dobrih prot
Page 249 and 250:
eXpressor1.2.0 Ovo je jedan prilicn
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ap0x Crypt 0.01 - aC Posto pretpost
Page 253 and 254:
Narandzasti deo predstavlja kod za
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+ “Hard” patchers Fizicki patch
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Inline patching: nSPack 2.x UPX je
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Inline patching: ASPack 1.x - 2.x P
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Inline patching: FSG 1.33 Do sada s
Page 263 and 264:
Iz tog razloga moramo da uradimo pr
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Making a loader Kao sto je vec obja
Page 267 and 268:
BruteForceing the Secret Zadatak: R
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Keygening Scarabee #4 Zadatak: Rela
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pozabavimo samim algoritmom da bism
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004010DB |> /8033 11 004010DE |. |8
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Cracking & BruteForceing I kao posl
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- ESI dobija vrednost [EBP-C] - ESI
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nisu... Na primer probajte ovaj ser
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PUSH komandi koje prethode CALLu ko
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004104D0 . 81EA 004DFC8A SUB EDX,8A
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00407D90 03C9 ADD ECX,ECX 00407D92
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13 Tricks of Trade Ovo je poslednje
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Cracking Tricks Shvatite ovaj deo p
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F.A.Q. Ovo su odgovori na cesto pos
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Pogovor Dosli ste do samog kraja ov
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