Korytarz ekologiczny doliny Odry pdf

Korytarz ekologiczny doliny Odry
• ploughing of the large fragments of meadows and pastures in order to change their use
(for growing cereals, vegetables);
• burning of grass and local changes of trophic conditions;
• significant drop of ground water levels caused by diminishing precipitation during the
last decade, bottom erosion (especially between Brzeg Dolny and Œcinawa), earlier
regulatory works, drainage, the less frequent inundation of the Oder terraces;
• plans for the construction of new levees in Opole Province;
• plans for filling old ox-bows, situated close to levees, because of the danger that during
a flood water can be pressed underneath the levee;
• highly developed unification of the river bed. Further regulatory works (including the
above-mentioned cutting off and filling of ox-bows) would be very adverse;
• intensification of forestry production together with the removal of old-growth stands,
and especially hollowed trees;
• degenerative changes observed in some communities and associations, drying of carrs,
the introduction of alien species of trees, synanthropization;
• the further development of human settlements in the Oder valley and, associated with
this, the loss of land;
• the further development of technical infrastructure, railways, energy lines, etc.
In the recent years, projects have emerged concerning the so-called „cleaning” of the
area between the levees. Luckily, most of them have never been implemented. What was
planned was, for example, logging of the whole forests (trees and undergrowth) or only
undergrowth and tree branches up to the height of 2 metres on a 4 500 ha area between
Malczyce and Nowa Sól. Thanks to the cooperation between conservationists and hydro-
-technicians, a plan emerged to move the levees along the two stretches most endangered by
flooding.
The most important threat to the nature of the Oder valley, however, is the planned
restructuring of the river for the purpose of nagvigation, with class Vb, being a destination.
An attempt to use the Oder for the navigation of barges with a leading capacity of 3000 tons
would mean the necessity to build several new dams downstream of Brzeg Dolny, as well as
to reconstruct most of the river arcs. Damming of the water will cause the inundation of
most areas between levees, while the restructuring of the river bed will cause the destruction
of many valuable ecosystems. The project aimed at of restructuring the Oder for smaller
barges (class III) is much less destructive, but also anticipates the construction of a couple
of dams. A similar danger is posed by the project to build the East-West waterway, whose
implementation will lead to losses in the ecosystems of river valleys situated along its way.
Plans for protection
Protection of waters against pollution
A widely planned action programme has been suggested to protect the river water against
non-point pollution (of agricultural and industrial origin). The following activities are proposed:
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