Korytarz ekologiczny doliny Odry pdf

Korytarz ekologiczny doliny Odry
the man-made habitat. In flooded gravel pits, in the upper stretch of the river, between
Racibórz and Zdzieszowice, the breeding species include: Black-headed Gull (Larus
ridibundus), Common Tern (Sterna hirundo), Common Gull (Larus canus), Little Ringed
Plover (Charadrius dubius), while in the lower stretch, in the gravel pit near Barlinek there
are also: Little Tern (Sterna albifrons) – a very rare species in Poland, Shelduck (Tadorna
tadorna), and Oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus).
It is difficult to find open areas in the Oder valley of high importance for breeding birds.
An exception is a complex of ox-bows between Malczyce and G³ogów, terrains near Krosno
Odrzañskie, peat-filled depression near S³ubice and, Kostrzyñ Retention Reservoir, surroundings
of Stary Kostrzyñ, Miêdzyodrze, as well as mouths and neighbouring areas of
such lowland rivers as: Stobrawa, O³awa, Widawa, Kaczawa, Barycz, Pliszka, Ilanka and
Warta. Some of those areas are inhabited by species threatened with extinction and rare species
of waterfowl, such as: Whooper Swan (Cygnys cygnus), Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna),
Widgeon (Anas penelope), Pintail (Anas acuta), Garganey (Anas querquedula), Gadwall
(Anas strepera), Shoveler (Anas clypeata), Crane (Grus grus), Corncrake (Crex crex),
Oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus), Dunlin (Calidris alpina), Ruff (Philomachus
pugnax), Snipe (Gallinago gallinago), Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa), Redshank
(Tringa totanus), and Curlew (Numenius arquata).
Fishponds constitute attractive breeding sites for such species as: Grebes (Podiceps
cristatus, P. ruficollis, P. nigricollis, P. griseigena), Bittern (Botaurus stelaris), Little Bittern
(Ixobrychus minutus), Greylag Goose (Anser anser), numerous species of ducks,
Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) and others. There are two fishpond complexes in the
Oder valley: Wielik¹t and £ê¿czak.
In the Oder valley there is one retention reservoir of very high importance for waterfowl,
namely the Kostrzyn Reservoir (Nature Reserve „S³oñsk”), situated between S³oñsk and
Kostrzyn, in the mouth of Warta. There are 50 bird species nesting there, many of them
being rare in Poland and Europe.
A very important habitat for birds are riverine forests. Ornithological surveys, carried out
in a number of sites in the Oder forests and in Germany, show that this is one of the richest
habitats in Central Europe. Some 49 breeding species were found on research plots, while
total density reached 215 pairs per 10 hectares. Deserving special attention is the presence
of the Collared Flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis), most European species of Woodpeckers,
Honey Buzzard (Pernis apivorus) and two species of Kite (Milvus milvus and M. migrans).
Most valuable forested areas are present on the Oder, near the mouth of Nysa K³odzka,
between Brzeg and O³awa, near Jelcz, between Kotowice and Siechnica and in a few places
between Malczyce and Nowa Sól.
There are 20 species regularly wintering on the Oder, among them the Mallard (Anas
plathyrynchos), Coot (Fulica atra), Goosander (Mergus merganser), Goldeneye (Bucephala
clangula), Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus), and Mute Swan (Cygnus olor), Moreover,
also relatively rare species can be spotted, like: Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus),
Smew (Mergus albellus), Little Grebe (Tachybaptes ruficollis), Teal (Anas crecca), Widgeon
(Anas penelope), Pintail (Anas acuta), and White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetos albicilla).
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