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THE ACCURACY COMPARISON OF THE HOURLY AND DAILY GNSS
OBSERVATIONS OF THE FIRST RT MONITORING IN SLOVENIA
Gregor Ţigman 1 , Milivoj Vulić 2
1 Econo d.o.o., Dimičeva 16, Ljubljana, 2 Faculty of Natural Science and Engineering, Chair for Mine
Surveying and Applied Geophysics, Ljubljana
ABSTRACT
The first RT (real time) monitoring in Slovenia was set up in the Lipica II quarry. In its operation, measurements were
made in real time as well as different time intervals. The acquired raw data of the measurements within hourly and daily
time intervals has served as a basis for accuracy comparison. The measurements done in hourly intervals were adjusted
in two different procedures, depending on the data that was available. Two adjustment procedures were done, the
SAS 2
procedure for the unit of weight and the procedure
SAS 3
in which, in addition to the a priori variance of unit
weight, the cofactor matrix of measured sizes was taken into account. After the adjustment was done the hourly
observations were compared to the more precise daily observations. Comparison was made between adjusted
coordinates of the hourly observations and the coordinates of the daily observations in co-relation with belonging
standard errors of measured quantities.
Key words: RT monitoring, adjustment, a priori variance of unit weight, cofactor matrix, standard error.
INTODUCTION
In 2008 the automatic monitoring system, that enables monitoring of real time deformations and movements,
was implemented in the Lipica II quarry. Safe working environment is assured through monitoring of the
time dependant development of deformations in the area where excavation of natural stone is performed. The
monitoring system consisted of three observation points labelled from GMX1 to GMX4 and the reference
point GRS1. Reference point is represented by GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver and
antenna, while three observation points consist of GPS receivers and tilt sensors, which allowed monitoring
of point displacements.
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