Poljoprivreda 2-2006 final.qxd

More documents

Recommendations

Info

$c:\Temp\PDF_RTF\poljoprivreda\Poljoprivreda 1-2001\Poljoprivreda ...$

ISSN 1330-7142 UDK = 631.587:631.84:633.15 UTJECAJ NAVODNJAVANJA I GNOJIDBE DUŠIKOM NA UROD I KOMPONENTE URODA KUKURUZA Hrvoje Plavšić, dipl..ing. (1) Magistarski rad (2) SAŽETAK Sve češći klimatski ekstremi stavljaju u prvi plan potrebu korištenja navodnjavanja. Ovo istraživanje pokušava odgovoriti koliko vode i kada dodati, uz primjenu odgovarajuće količine dušika, za postizanje visokih i kvalitetnih uroda. Tijekom 2000. i 2002. godine postavljen je poljski pokus po split-plot metodi na pokušalištu Poljoprivrednog instituta Osijek. Glavni čimbenik (A) je bilo održavanje sadržaja vode u tlu u 3 stepenice (A1 80-100 % PVK; A2 65- 100 % PVK; A3 kontrola), a podčimbenik (B) gnojidba dušikom u 3 stepenice (B1 100 kg N/ha; B2 150 kg N/ha i B3 200 kg N/ha). Određena su fizikalna i kemijskih svojstava tla i vode za navodnjavanje. U vegetaciji je praćen sadržaj vode u tlu te se pristupalo navodnjavanju kada se sadržaj vode spustio na donju vrijednost A1 ili A2 varijante. Navodnjavalo se samohodnim vučenim rasprskivačem (tifon) s vodom koja nije imala ograničenja. Dušik je dodan u osnovnoj obradi, prije sjetve i kroz prihranu. Tijekom istraživanja praćeni su klimatski pokazatelji, stanje usjeva te visina biljke do klipa i metlice. Na kraju vegetacije određene su komponente uroda s 10 klipova (dužina klipa, broj redova zrna, broj zrna na klipu, masa zrna s klipa, hektolitarska masa, masa 1000 zrna, suha tvar, randman te sadržaj dušika u zrnu kukuruza). Nakon žetve uzeti su uzorci zrna u cilju određivanja sadržaja dušika pojedinoj varijanti navodnjavanja i gnojidbe. Urod kukuruza je bio pod značajnim utjecajem godine (2002. godini veći za 1,49 t/ha prema 2000.). Signifikantno veći urodi bili su na varijantama najviše razine navodnjavanja. Varijanta B3 dala je signifikantno veći urod samo u 2002. godini. Signifikantan do vrlo signifikantan utjecaj navodnjavanja utvrđen je kod visine do klipa i vrha metlice, mase zrna na klipu i mase 1000 zrna, a hektolitrska masa u 2000.godini. U 2000. godini signifikantan utjecaj B3 utvrđen je kod svojstva broja redova zrna na klipu, a u 2002. godini kod svojstava dužine klipa i mase zrna na klipu. Svaka viša varijanta gnojidbe dušikom rezultirala je signifikantno većim sadržajem dušika u tlu, ali tek u 2002. godini. Ključne riječi: navodnjavanje, voda, dušik, urod, komponente uroda, kukuruz (1) Poljoprivredni institut Osijek, Južno predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek (2) Magistarski rad obranjen na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu, Agronomski fakultet Zagreb 2006. / Master`s thesis was defended at University of Zagreb, The Faculty of Agriculture in 2006 POLJOPRIVREDA 12:2006 (2) 70-71
H. Plavšić: UTJECAJ NAVODNJAVANJA I GNOJIDBE DUŠIKOM NA UROD I KOMPONENTE ... 71 INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN MANURE ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF MAIZE SUMMARY Master`s thesis Today we can see climatic changes more often than before. This investigation tried to give the answer, when and how much water and nitrogen we should apply to achieve high and quality yield. In 2000 and 2002 field experiment has been set by split-plot method at The Agricultural Institute of Osijek. The main factor (A) was keeping the water content in the soil in three different levels (A1 80-100 % fwc – field water capacity; A2 65-100 % fwc and A3 control without irrigation). Factor B was application of nitrogen in three levels (B1 100 kg N/ha; B2 150 kg N/ha; B3 200 kg N/ha). Some physical and chemical components of the soil and water for irrigation were determined. During the vegetation, water content in the soil was measured, and irrigation was applied when water content decreased below minimal basic value in A1 or A2 variants. The irrigation was realized with sprinkler system «Tifon». Water for irrigation had no limitation. Nitrogen was added in autumn, spring, before sowing and during the vegetation. Climatic value were monitored during the vegetation together with crop condition and plant characteristics (plant hight to the ear and to the top of the plant). At the end of the vegetation, yield components were determined from 10 ears (ear length, grain row and grain number on the ear, grain weight from the ear, hectolitar mass, 1000 grain mass, dry matter, randman and nitrogen content in the grain). After the end of vegetation, grain samples were taken for determination of nitrogen supply. It was established that the maize yield was under the significant influence of the year (in 2002 yield was higher for 1,49 t/ha related to 2000). In both years, significantly higher yields were realized on A1 variant. Variant B3 had significantly higher yield only in 2002. Significant to very significant influence of irrigation related to non irrigation was realized in several components: plant hight to the ear and to the top of the plant, grain weight and 1000 grain mass and the hectolitar mass in 2000. In 2000 significant influence of B3 was realized for grain row on ear and in 2002 for ear length and grain mass on the ear. Each variant with higher nitrogen level resulted in significantly higher soil nitrogen content in 2002. Key-words: irrigation, water, nitrogen, yield, yield components, maize POLJOPRIVREDA 12:2006 (2) 70-71
Page 1 and 2:
UDK 63 ISSN 1330-7142 POLJOPRIVREDA
Page 3 and 4:
ISSN 1330-7142 UDK = 633.15:631.165
Page 5 and 6:
D. Jug i sur.: PRINOS KUKURUZA (ZEA
Page 7 and 8:
D. Jug i sur.: PRINOS KUKURUZA (ZEA
Page 9 and 10:
ISSN 1330-7142 UDK = 633.854.78:631
Page 11 and 12:
M. Pospišil i sur.: PRINOS SJEMENA
Page 13 and 14:
M. Pospišil i sur.: PRINOS SJEMENA
Page 15 and 16:
ISSN 1330-7142 UDK = 633.34.002 EVA
Page 17 and 18: A. Sudarić et. al.: EVALUATION OF
Page 19 and 20: A. Sudarić et. al.: EVALUATION OF
Page 21 and 22: ISSN 1330-7142 UDK = 635.62:635.07
Page 23 and 24: Z. Augustinčić i sur.: UTJECAJ VE
Page 25 and 26: Z. Augustinčić i sur.: UTJECAJ VE
Page 27 and 28: ISSN 1330-7142 UDK = 633.358:635.07
Page 29 and 30: I. Rapčan i sur.: PRODUKCIJA BIOMA
Page 35 and 36: D. Ivić i sur.: DINAMIKA I INTENZI
Page 41 and 42: D. Horvat i sur.: REZERVNE BJELANČ
Page 47 and 48: D. Senčić i sur.: PROIZVODNOST NE
Page 49 and 50: D. Senčić i sur.: PROIZVODNOST NE
Page 51 and 52: J. Pavliček i sur.: PROIZVODNJA I
Page 57 and 58: Z. Tolušić et al.: GAME MEAT MARK
Page 63 and 64: K. Svržnjak i sur.: OBRAZOVANJE PO
Page 65 and 66: K. Svržnjak i sur.: OBRAZOVANJE PO
Page 67: K. Svržnjak i sur.: OBRAZOVANJE PO
Page 72 and 73: IN MEMORIAM Prof. Marija Đurkić,
Page 74: GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTORS “AGRI
show all

Poljoprivreda 2-2006 final.qxd

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?