Poljoprivreda 2-2006 final.qxd

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16 M. Pospišil i sur.: PRINOS SJEMENA I ULJA ISTRAŽIVANIH HIBRIDA SUNCOKRETA U ... GRAIN AND OIL YIELD INVESTIGATED SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS DEPENDING ON THE GROWING SEASON SUMMARY In four-year field experiments (2001-2004) conducted in Western Slavonia (Nova Gradiška) influence of weather conditions (year) and sunflower hybrids on grain and oil yield was investigated. In the experiments five sunflower hybrids (PR63A90, Alzan, Aleksandra, Opera and Pixel) were investigated. Obtained results have indicated that weather conditions, hybrid and their interaction have significant influence on grain and oil yield. The highest grain and oil yield per hectare were obtained in the year with 65 mm precipitation in July, 48 mm in August and relative air humidity during the sunflower vegetation below 70%. High oil content in seed was obtained in the year with sufficient soil moisture during the oil synthesis, higher mean air daily temperature (21.7 0 C) in the stage of intensive oil sythesis, and lower (14.1 0 C) in the stage of slower oil synthesis. Significantly the highest grain (3901 kg/ha) and oil (1688 kg/ha) yield were obtained in 2003 year, while the highest oil content (54.94% in d. m.) was obtained in 2001 year. According to grain and oil yield, the most productive hybrids were: PR63A90 and Aleksandra whereas the highest oil content in seed (51.56% in d. m.) had Opera hybrid. Key- words: sunflower, hybrids, weather conditions, grain yield, oil yield ZAHVALA Najljepše zahvaljujemo kolegama iz tvrtki Pioneer sjeme d.o.o., Zagreb, Poljoprivredno prehrambeni kompleks d.o.o., Nova Gradiška, i RWA Raiffeisen Agro d.o.o., Sesvete, na darovanome sjemenu istraživanih hibrida suncokreta te djelatnicima Tvornice ulja «Zvijezda» Zagreb, na određivanju sadržaja ulja u sjemenu. (Primljeno 20. studenoga 2006.; prihvaćeno 11. prosinca 2006. - Received on 20 November 2006; accepted on 11 December 2006) POLJOPRIVREDA 12:2006 (2) 11--16
ISSN 1330-7142 UDK = 633.34.002 EVALUATION OF AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF DOMESTIC AND EXOTIC SOYBEAN GERMPLASM IN CROATIA Aleksandra Sudarić (1) , Marija Vratarić (1) , I. Rajcan (2) SUMMARY Original scientific paper Izvorni znanstveni članak The collaboration and interchange of breeding materials between breeding programs worldwide is important and necessary to increase the amount of genetic diversity by incorporating unique exotic germplasm into existing domestic germplasm. The objective of this study was to measure and compare the agronomic performance of 15 soybean cultivars released by the Agricultural Institute Osijek (Croatia) (OS-cultivars) and 15 cultivars released by the University of Guelph (Canada) (CA-cultivars) in Croatia. Based on the comparison, parental combinations could be designed to introgress exotic germplasms from the CA-cultivars into Croatian. Agronomic performance was determined in field trials that were conducted at the experimental field of the Agricultural Institute Osijek during the period from 2002 to 2005. Quantitative traits were measured and analyzed for maturity, grain yield components, level and stability of grain yield, adaptability, lodging resistance and field tolerance to Peronospora manshurica. The results indicated higher agronomic performance of OS-cultivars compared to CA- cultivars. However, comparison of yield is only tentative because all but one OS cultivar were later maturing than the CA-cultivars. Among 15 tested CA-cultivars, five cultivars (OAC Millennium, OAC Champion, OAC Bayfield, OAC Auburn, OAC Wallace) were identified as the most favorable for parental combinations in hybridization with OS-cultivars. The results of this study will enable strategic incorporation of diversity from exotic Canadian germplasm into the domestic Croatian germplasm to develop segregating populations from which new, genetically more diverse improved soybean line, could be released. Key-words: soybean, domestic germplasm, exotic germplasm, grain yield, stability, adaptability, genetic diversity, hybridization. INTRODUCTION Production of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in The Republic of Croatia has had increased both in planted area and yields, particularly in recent years. The production area expansion of soybean as a crop and increased yield were a result of genetic improvements in modern cultivars as well as advances in cultural practices and crop management. Genetically improved cultivars are a result of long-term, continual and intensive breeding work on soybean. The Agricultural Institute Osijek (Croatia) has established a soybean breeding program, which has played a fundamental role in this expansion and made very significant contributions to the introduction, development and improvement of soybean production in Croatia. Through its activities, the program has continued to develop high-yielding and high-quality cultivars with high tolerance of the principal diseases, resistance to lodging and pod shattering as well as adaptability to different agroecological conditions of the local soybean production regions (Vratarić and Sudarić, 2000). The genetic improvements of cultivars in recent years have been accomplished mainly through the use of conventional breeding methods in a series of breeding cycles. Each cycle begins with the selection of parents to be used to create segregating populations. Orf et al. (2004) suggested that the parental selection depends on many factors, including the trait(s) of interest, the purpose of the cross, the relative importance of characters other than yield, the ancestry of the lines, and the resources and time available. Parents can be selected on the basis of comparative evaluation per se, by test cross evaluation, or experience of the breeders. In many cases, per se evaluation 1) Ph.D. Aleksandra Sudarić, Prof.Ph.D. Marija Vratarić-Agricultural Institute Osijek, Južno predgrađe 17, 31000 Osijek, Croatia, (2) Prof.Ph.D. Istvan Rajcan-University of Guelph, Dep. Of Plant Agriculture,Guelph, Ontario, Canada POLJOPRIVREDA 12:2006 (2) 17-22
Page 1 and 2: UDK 63 ISSN 1330-7142 POLJOPRIVREDA
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Page 5 and 6: D. Jug i sur.: PRINOS KUKURUZA (ZEA
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Page 29 and 30: I. Rapčan i sur.: PRODUKCIJA BIOMA
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Page 41 and 42: D. Horvat i sur.: REZERVNE BJELANČ
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K. Svržnjak i sur.: OBRAZOVANJE PO
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K. Svržnjak i sur.: OBRAZOVANJE PO
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H. Plavšić: UTJECAJ NAVODNJAVANJA
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IN MEMORIAM Prof. Marija Đurkić,
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GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTORS “AGRI
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