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the optimum (maximum) consumption of energy per unit of time under fixed working<br />
conditions.<br />
If the relation between the realized useful effect of a working unit and the •<br />
quantity of the actually used energy (coefficient of rationalization) is smaller than<br />
the coefficient of the optimum productivity, then the production forces of this working<br />
unit are unrationally (not wholly or too much) utilized. In a given condition the least<br />
possible coefficient of rationalization of a working unit is simultaneously its coefficient<br />
of optimum productivity.<br />
The work efficiency of a working unit under a given productivity of its production<br />
forces and a given quality of a used reproduction material, depends on the<br />
intensity of work. The realized useful effect per worker (worker/day) is the coefficient<br />
of work efficiency. The work efficiency coefficient is greatest at the maximum:<br />
effort of the production forces.<br />
Of the production forces of a working unit are not wholly utilized, the coefficient<br />
of rationalization, could be increased by the intensification of work. In principle,<br />
the intensification is allowed to be performed within the limite of rationalization:,<br />
or optimum productivity.<br />
The increase of productivity is achieved especially: by mechanization, automatization<br />
and rationalization or technical development and by improvement of labour<br />
quality.<br />
Economy, in contrast to productivity, compares the realized useful effect with'<br />
the means spent with two or more working units, or with two or more various processes<br />
of production in a way that the most economical working unit or production<br />
process is that by which a higher useful effect is achieved through smaller consumption.<br />
There are two measures for the increase of economy, i. e.: reduction of consumption<br />
and increase of income. This is posible to achieve in different manners,<br />
some of which are directly bound to the strengthening of the production forces of<br />
the society (state) whfe others aim at a more economical utilization of the existing<br />
production forces.<br />
The production forces of the society (state) are to be distributed in each period<br />
of time among the economic branches, so that under their more rational and economical<br />
(optimal) utilization more and more valuable goods will be produced by means<br />
of which primarily the society's needs will be satisfied. Only under a right distribution<br />
— in addition to other necessary conditions — the production forces of the society<br />
(state) achieve their greatest value, that is they produce material goods wich are<br />
most valuable for the society.<br />
Without a liberalized international trade — within the limits securing the economic<br />
development of undeveloped states — the production forces of the Earth cannot<br />
be utilized to a full extent and economically, nor can the needs of the society (state}<br />
be adequately satisfied as to their importance for the society and its living standard.<br />
By applying all these principles to forest economy in our efforts to balanceforest<br />
production with the total needs of the society (state) as well as with the<br />
general development of the production forces of the society and economy in forestry,,<br />
our aim is to produce permanently on all available forest areas and by the optimum<br />
utilization of available production forces the highest walues primarily in order to»<br />
meet the society's needs to the highest extent possible.<br />
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