1 Termodinamika és optika gyakorlat II. éves fizikushallgatók ...
1 Termodinamika és optika gyakorlat II. éves fizikushallgatók ...
1 Termodinamika és optika gyakorlat II. éves fizikushallgatók ...
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z<br />
z0 + ∆z<br />
z0<br />
∆θ<br />
∆l<br />
z<br />
z0 + ∆z<br />
z0<br />
z0<br />
θ(z0 + ∆z)<br />
θ(z0)<br />
<br />
z0 + ∆z <br />
§£<br />
n(z0) n(z0 + ∆z) <br />
<br />
<br />
sin(θ(z0))<br />
sin[θ(z0 + ∆z)] = n(z0 + ∆z)<br />
n(z0)<br />
1<br />
sin[θ(z0 + ∆z)] ≈<br />
1<br />
sin[θ(z0)] − ∆z cos[θ(z0)]θ ′ (z0)<br />
sin 2 [θ(z0)]<br />
¥¥ ¥<br />
z0<br />
<br />
<br />
1 − ∆zctg[θ(z0)]θ ′ (z0) = 1 + ∆z n′ (z0)<br />
n(z0) .<br />
<br />
<br />
z0<br />
1<br />
θ ′ n(z0)<br />
= −<br />
(z0) n ′ (z0) ctg[θ(z0)]<br />
R(z0) =<br />
1<br />
|[ln ◦n] ′ (z0) sin[θ(z0)]|<br />
<br />
ρ(z) = ρ0 exp − Mg<br />
<br />
<br />
T<br />
<br />
M<br />
<br />
g<br />
<br />
R0<br />
z n(z) = n0 exp − Mg<br />
2R0T z<br />
<br />
− Mg<br />
2R0T<br />
<br />
R(z0) = 2R0T<br />
Mg<br />
R0T z<br />
(ln ◦n)(z) = ln(n0) − Mg<br />
2R0T z (ln ◦n) ′ (z) =<br />
1<br />
|sin[θ(z0)]|<br />
§<br />
§<br />
<br />
n = 4/3<br />
<br />
¥<br />
<br />
¥ α £ β §<br />
α + β = π/2 <br />
sin α =<br />
n sin β = n sin (π/2 − α) = n cos α α = arctg(n) ≈ 0.93 ≈ 53 o